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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  I4S80 

(716)  872-4503 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 

1980 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibli  >graphically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  r    which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filminr;),  are  checked  below. 


L'Institut  a  microfilmd  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
uno  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m^thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


D 
D 

n 
n 


y 


□ 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagde 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurde  et/ou  pelliculde 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps/ 

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Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autr'-s  documents 


□    Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

□    Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag6es 

□    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaur^es  et/ou  pellicul6es 


D 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  adcolor^es,  tachetdas  ou  piqudes 


I — I    Pages  detached/ 


Pages  ddtachdes 


D? 


Showthrough/ 
ransparence 


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Quality  indgale  de  I'impression 

□    Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 


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along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serree  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 


D 


Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout§es 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  filmdes. 


D 
D 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  on  partiell&ment 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  filmdes  d  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


D 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentaires; 


/ 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu6  ci-dessous. 


10X 

» 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

SOX 

T 

1?X 

16X 

20X 

24X 

28X 

32X 

The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

National  Library  of  Canada 


L'exemplaire  filmd  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
gdndrositd  de: 

Bibliotiidque  nationale  du  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  —»-( meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetd  de  l'exemplaire  filmd,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim^e  sont  film^s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  viui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmds  en  commengant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaT^ra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  §tre 
film6s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  §tre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  filmd  d  partir 
de  Tangle  supdrieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  has,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mdthode. 


1 

2 

3 

32X 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

£j^ia<h<:.^  ^' j<- : 


i5Gi]iUi_.    . '■'•-'     "^' 


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youtersyournal  of 
ha  Salle'' s  hast  Voyage 


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fi^S!^^S^3^-At.'L'i-mf-i'^Jf-A:^.tfA, ,  .,„,,...   ,.„  . 


Jouters  Journal  of  La 
Salle's  Last  Voyage 

A  reprint  (page  for  page  and  line 
for  line)  of  the  first  English  trans- 
lation, London,  ^714;  with  the 
Map  of  the  original  French  edition 
Paris,  ijij,  in  facsimile;  and 
Notes  by  Melville  B,  Anderson 


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Chicago 
The  Caxtofi  Cluh 

mdcccxcvi 


WBHBBSH^T'f!! 


297269 


COPYRIGHT  BV  THE  CAXTON 

CLUB,     EIGHTEEN    HUNDRED 

AND     NINETY -SIX 


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The  Publication  Committee  of  the  Caxton  Club 
certifies  that  this  copy  of  Joutel's  Journal  of  La 
Salle  s  Last  Voyage  is  one  of  an  edition^  consisting 
of  two  hundred  and  three  copies  on  American  hand- 
made paper,  and  three  copies  on  Japanese  vellum^ 
printed  from  type,  and  completed  in  the  month  of 
November,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-six 


.._v 


■  :s^--f¥-j.*.-  -.f-mKomfi;) 


JOURNAL 


Of  the  Last 

VOYAGE 

Perform'd  by 

Monfr.  de  la  Sale, 

TO    THE 

GuLPH  of  Mexico, 

To  find  out  the 

Mouth  o{^.\i^Mifftftpi  River; 

CONTAINING, 

An  Account  of  the  Settlements  he  endeavour'd  to 
make  on  the  Coaft  of  the  aforefaid  Bay^  his 
unfortunate  Death,  and  the  Travels  of  his 
Companions  for  the  Space  of  Eight  Hundred 
Leagues  acrofs  that  Inland  Country  of  America. 
now  call'd  Louijiana^  (and  given  by  the  King  of 
France  to  M.  Crozat,)  till  they  came  into  Canada. 

V/ritten  in  French  by  Monfieur  J  o  u  t  E  L, 

A  Commander  in  that  Expedition; 
And  Tranjlated from  the  Edition  ju/t  publi/h'd  at  Paris. 

With  an  exact  Map  of  that  vaft  Country,  and  a  Copy  of  the 
Letters  Patefits  gnnud  by  the  K.of  France  to  M.  Crozat. 

LONDON,  Printed  for  A.  Bell  at  the  Crofs-Keys   and 
Bible  in  Cornhill,  B.  Lintott  at  the  Crofs  Keys  in  Fleet- 
ftreet,  and  J.  Baker  in  Pater-N after- Row,  1774. 


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READER. 


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'^HE  Mariujlript  of  this  Journalhapmng 
A       to  fall  into  my  Hands,   and  having 
J  hewn  it  to  Jome  Perfons  we/I  versd  in  thefc 
Affairs,  they  were  of  Opinion  it  de/'erv'd  to  be 
printed;  ejpecially  at  this  Time,  when  travels 
arefo  much  in  Requef,  and  in  regard  this  is 
HOW  feafonable,  on  Account  of  the  De/lription 
If  gives  of  the  famous  River  Umw^'i  and  of 
the  Country  ^/'Louiiiana,  where  it  is  intended 
to  make  great  Settlements.      Be/ides,  this  Re- 
latton  is   uncommon,    curious    and  ingagincr, 
both  in  Regard  to  the  Honour  and  Advan- 

A  2  (age 


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■  *>^f>-fmi«,;^.MSr-i*m3^r^^^\ 


iage  of  the  Nation^  for  as  much  as  it  contains 
the  Attempts  and  the  bold  and  glorious  Un- 
dertakings of  our  French  Adventurers^  ivho 
not  Jatisjied,  like  others^  ivith  difcovering  the 
Borders  and  Coajls  of  unknown  Countries^  pro- 
ceed to  penetrate  into  the  Inland^  through  a 
thou/and  Dangers  and  Hazards  of  their  Lives. 
Is  it  not  very  conwmidable  in  them^  to  make 
us  fully  acquainted  with  that  great  remaining 
Part  of  the  World ^  which  for  fo  many  Ages 
continued  unknown  to  our  Forefathers^  till 
about  two  hundred  Tears  ago  Chriftopher  Co- 
lumbus dif cover  d  ity  and  Americus  Vcfpu- 
fius  going  over  foon  after,  gave  it  his  Name, 
caufing  it  to  be  calTd  America  ?  One  ofthofe 
whom  I  defired  to  perufe  this  Manufcript,  has 
a  little  polijli'd  it,  purfuant  to  the  Orders  I 
received;  and  he  having  been  a  confiderable 
Traveller,  was  a  proper  Per/ on  to  judge  of  and 
put  it  into  a  DreJ's  ft  to  appear  in  publick.  The 
Letter  he  writ  to  me,  being  not  only  iii/lru^live, 
in  Relation  to  the  "Journal,  but  of  Ufe  as 
a  curious  Supplement  to  it,  I  thought  the  in- 
ferting  of  it  would  be  acceptable.  It  is  as 
follows. 


SIR, 


-^eptt^y. 


[iii  ] 


SIR, 


I  Return  you  your  Manufcript ;  the 
Reading  of  it  has  reviv'd  the  Satisfa- 
ction I  once  took  in  my  Travels;  it 
has  oblig  d  me  to  read  over  again  thofe 
of  feveral  Perfons,  who  have  writ  of  Cana- 
da, and  carry'd  me  in  Imagination  through 
thofe  vali,  barbarous  and  unknown  Coun- 
tries, with  much  more  Eafe  and  lefs  Dan- 
ger than  was  done  by  the  Hero  of  this 
Relation.  He  certainly  deferves  that  ho- 
nourable Title,  and  having  read  his  Ad- 
ventures, I  could  not  forbear  faying  with 
the  Poet 

////  ro/mr  &'  ces  triplex 
Circa  PeBus  erat. 


\i 


I  Ik'  . 


i 


i 


For  what  an  extraordinary  Strength, 
what  a  Vigour  of  Body  and  Mind  was  re- 
quifite  for  him  to  projedl,  to  undertake 
and  to  go  thro'  with  fo  unufual,  fo  bold 
and  fo  difficult  an  Enterprize.  A  Difco- 
very  of  above  eight  hundred  Leagues  of 
barbarous  and  unknown  Countries,  with- 
out any  beaten  Roads,  without  Towns, 
and  without  any  of  thofe  Conveniencies, 
which  render  Travelling  more  eafy  in  all 

B  3  other 


i 


■r^A^^iiS'mmtKmSi!\ 


I    ^^    I 
other  Parts.      All  the  Land-Carriage  is  re- 

duc'd  to  walking  afoot ;  being  often  with- 
out any  other  Shoes  but  a  Piece  of  a  Bul- 
lock'vS  Hide  wrapp'd  about  the  Feet;  car- 
rying a  Firelock,  a  Snapfack,  Tools  and 
fome  Commodities  to  barter  with  the  Na- 
tives. It  is  true  that  accidentally  and  but 
very  rarely  a  Horfe  is  found  to  help  out  a 
little. 

If  they  muft  venture  upon  the  Water, 
there  are  only  Ibme  wretched  Canoes, 
made  either  of  the  Barks  of  Trees  or  of  Bul- 
locks Hides,  and  thofe  they  mull:  often 
carry  or  drag  along  the  Land,  when  the 
F'alls  of  the  Rivers  obllrudl  making  ufe  of 
them.  All  the  Bed  is  lying  on  the  bare 
Ground,  expofed  to  the  Inclemencies  of 
the  Air,  to  be  devour'd  by  Alligators  and 
bit  by  Rattle  Snakes ;  without  Bread, 
Wine,  Salt  and  all  other  Comforts  of  Life, 
and  this  for  fome  Years.  The  Diet  alto- 
gether confifts  in  a  poor  Pap  or  Hal1;y-Pud- 
ding  made  of  the  Meal  of  Indian  Corn, 
Filli  half  broil'd  or  ill  boil'd,  and  fome 
Beef  or  wild  Goats  Flelli,  dry'd  in  the  Air 
and  Smoke.  Befides,  what  a  Trouble  is 
it  to  invent  Signs  to  be  underliood  by  fo 
many  feveral  Nations,  each  of  which  has 
it's  peculiar  Language?  All  this  an  Ad- 
venturer mult  refolve  with  himfelf  to  go 
through,  who  dellgns  to  make  Difcoveries 
in  Canada ;  and  it  would  be  htird  to  believe 

this 


V 
this,  did  not  all  thole  who  write  of  it  ex- 
udly  agree  in  this  Particular. 

However  that  Country  is  good  and 
pleafant,  at  lealt  towards  the  South,  which 
is  \/hat  is  here  fpoken  of.  The  Tempara- 
ture  of  the  Climate  is  admirable,  the  Soil 
excellent  for  Tillage,  and  it  is  extraordina- 
ry fertil  in  all  Sorts  of  Grain  and  Fruit; 
which  appears  by  thole  the  Land  produces 
of  it  felf  in  great  Plenty.  The  Hills  and 
Woods  produce  Timber  for  all  Ufes  and 
Fruit  Trees,  as  well  of  cold  as  hot  Coun- 
tries. There  are  Vines  which  want  but 
little  Improvement;  there  are  Sugar- 
Canes,  large  Meadows,  and  navigable  Ri- 
vers full  of  P'ilh.  It  is  true  they  are  in- 
feiled  with  Alligators,  but  with  a  little 
Care  they  are  to  be  avoided  ;  as  may  the 
Rattle-Snakes,  which  are  extraordinary 
venomous,  but  never  bite  unlefs  they  are 
hurt.  There  are  thoufands  of  wild  Bul- 
locks, larger  than  ours,  their  Fleili  good, 
and  inftead  of  Hair,  they  have  a  Sort  of 
curl'd  Wool  extraordinary  line.  There  are 
Abundance  of  Deer,  wild  Goats  and  all 
Sorts  of  wild  Fowl,  and  more  efpecially 
of  Turkeys.  As  there  are  Poifons  and  Ve- 
noms, fo  there  are  immediate  and  won- 
derful Antidotes. 

We  mull:  not  look  there  for  rich  and 
(lately  Cities,  or  lofty  Structures,  or  any  of 
thofe  Wonders  of  Architefture,  or  the  Re- 

A  4  mains 


^. 


i- 


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■rt  W»«H»ri^?«»  mm  II  WHiS^Km-'.  • 


[  vi  ] 
mains  and  ancient  Monuments  of  the  Va- 
nity of  great  Men;  but  we  may  there  ad- 
mire Nature  in  its  beautiful  SimpHcity,  as 
it  came  from  the  Hands  of  its  Creator; 
without  having  been  aher'd  or  depraved 
by  Ambition  or  Art. 

But  is  fo  vaft  and  fo  beautiful  a  Coun- 
try only  for  Beafts,  Birds  and  Fillies!  O 
inconceiveable  Wonder!  There  is  an  in- 
finite Number  of  People,  divided  into  Na- 
tions, living  in  Cottages  made  of  the  Barks 
of  Trees,  or  cover'd  with  Reeds  or  Hides, 
when  they  are  not  abroad  at  War,  or  Hunt- 
ing, or  Fifhing,  almort  naked,  without 
any  other  Bed  but  a  Bullock's  Hide,  or 
any  Houihold-Stuff  but  a  Pot  or  Kettle, 
an  Axe  and  fome  Platters  made  of  Bark. 
They  take  their  Suftenance,  as  it  comes  in 
their  Way,  and  like  the  Beall:s;  they  have 
no  Care,  do  not  value  Wealth,  fmg,  dance, 
fmoke,  eat,  lleep,  hunt,  fifli;  are  indepen- 
dant,  make  War,  and  when  an  Opportu- 
nity offers,  take  Revenge  of  any  Injury  in 
the  moft  cruel  Manner  they  are  able.  Such 
is  the  Life  of  thofe  Savages.  Tho'  there 
be  fome  in  the  Southern  Parts,  not  quite 
fo  ftupid  and  brutal  as  thofe  in  the  North, 
yet  they  are  both  Savages,  who  think  of 
Nothing  but  what  is  prefent,  love  No- 
thing but  what  is  obvious  to  the  Senfes, 
incapable  of  comprehending  any  Thing 
that  is  Spiritual;    (harp  and  ingenious  in 

what 


f  '-'i",-*'*- '  ■  ''''!**■'. 


m 


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vii  ] 

what  is  for  their  own  Advantage,  without 
any  Senfe  of  Honour  or  Humanity ;  horri- 
bly cruel,  perfedtly  united  among  them- 
felves  to  their  Nation  and  their  Allies;  but 
revengeful  and  mercilefs  towards  tb  ^ir  E- 
nemies.  To  conclude,  their  Shape,  tho' 
hideous,  (hews  they  are  Men;  but  their 
Genius  and  Manners  render  them  like  the 
worll  of  Beafts. 

A  modern  Author,  who  has  liv'd  in 
Catiada,  and  in  other  Refpeds  has  writ 
well  enough,  has  perhas  fancy'd,  he  might 
dilHnguilh  himfelf,  and  be  thought  more 
underlknding  than  other  Men  in  difcove- 
ring  the  Genius  of  thofe  People,  by  aflign- 
ing  more  Ingenuity  and  Penetration  to 
the  Savages,  than  is  generally  allow'd 
them.  He  fometimes  makes  them  to  argue 
too  rtrongly  and  too  fubtilely  againli  the 
Myfteries  of  Chriftian  Religion,  and  his 
Relation  has  given  jufl:  Occafion  to  fufped:, 
that  he  is  himfelf  the  Libertine  and  Talk- 
ing Savage,  to  whom  he  has  given  the 
artful  Malignity  of  his  Notions  and  Ar- 
guments. 

As  for  the  Genius  of  the  Savages,  I  am 
of  Opinion,  we  ought  to  believe  the  Mif- 
lioners;  for  they  are  not  lefs  capable  than 
other  Men  to  difcover  the  Truth,  and  they 
have  at  leaf!:  as  much  Probity  to  make  it 
known.  It  is  likely,  that  they,  who  have 
for  an  hundred  Years  paft,  wholly  apply'd 

them- 


Lii  Hou- 

tin's  for- 
ged DiJ- 
courft' 
with  a  Sa- 
vage, 

zvherein  he 
venders 
himfelf 
ridiculous. 


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Canada 
brutal. 


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thcmlelves,  according  to  the  Duty  of"  their 
Fuiidlion/^to  l>udy  thofe  poor  Images  of 
Men,  Ihould  not  be  acquainted  with 
them?  Or  would  not  their  Confcience 
have  check'd  them,  had  they  told  a  Lye 
in  that  Particular?  Now  all  the  Miflion- 
ers  agree,  that  allowing  there  are  Tome 
Barbarians  lefs  wicked  and  brutal  than 
the  reft ;  yet  there  are  none  good,  nor 
thoroughly  capable  of  fuch  Things  as  are 
above  the  Reach  of  our  Senfes;  and  that 
whatfoever  they  are,  there  is  no  relying 
on  them ;  there  is  always  caule  to  ful'pedl: 
them,  and  in  Ihort,  before  a  Savage  can  be 
made  a  Chriftian,  it  is  requifite  to  make 
him  a  Man;  and  we  look  upon  thofe  Sa- 
vages as  Men,  who  have  neither  King  nor 
Law,  anc'  what  is  moft  deplorable, 
no  God;  for  if  we  rightly  examine  their 
Sentiments  and  their  Adl:ions,  it  does  not 
appear  that  they  have  any  Sort  of  Religi- 
on, or  well  form'd  Notion  of  a  Deity.  If 
fome  of  them,  upon  certain  Occafions,  do 
fometimes  own  a  Firft  or  Sovereign  Being, 
or  do  pay  fome  Veneration  to  the  Sun.  As 
to  the  firft  Article,  they  deliver  themfelves 
in  fuch  a  confufe  Manner,  and  with  fo 
many  Contradi(5lions  and  Extravagancies, 
that  it  plainly  appears,  they  neither  know 
nor  believe  anything  of  it ;  and  as  for  the 
fecond,  it  is  only  a  bare  Cuftom,  without 
any  ferious  Reflection  on  their  Part. 

A 


'VyWi^ji 


A 


^:?^' 

M 

M 


I     ^^      I 
A  miferable  Nation,  more  void  of  the 

Light  of  Heaven,  and  even  that  of  Nature, 
than  fo  many  other  Nations  in  the  Ea// 
Indies y  who,  tho'  brutal  and  llupid  as  to 
the  Knowledge  of  the  Deity,  yet  are  not 
without  fome  Sort  of  Worlhip,  and  have 
their  Hermits  and  Fakirs  who  endeavour 
by  the  Practice  of  horrid  Penances,  to  gain 
the  Flavour  of  that  Godhead,  and  thereby 
Ihew  they  have  fome  real  Notion  of  it. 
Nothing  of  that  Sort  is  to  be  found  among 
our  American  Savages,  and  in  Conclufion, 
it  may  be  faid  of  them  in  General,  that 
they  are  a  People  without  a  God. 

Our  French,  who  are  born  in  Canada 
all  of  them  well  Oiap'd,  and  Men  of  Senfe 
and  Worth,  cannot  endure  to  have  their 
Savages  thus  run  down.  They  affirm  they 
are  like  other  Men,  and  only  want  Edu- 
cation and  being  improv'd;  but  befides 
that  we  may  believe  they  fay  fo  to  fave 
the  Honour  of  their  Country,  we  advance 
nothing  here  but  what  is  groi  iided  on  the 
Report  of  many  able  and  worthy  Perfons, 
who  have  writ  of  it,  after  being  well  in- 
form'd  on  the  Spot.  We  are  therefore  apt 
to  believe,  that  there  is  a  Diftindtion  to  be 
made  at  prefent  between  two  Sorts  of  Sa- 
vages in  Canada,  viz.  thole  who  have  been 
converfant  among  the  Enropeans  for  fixty 
or  eighty  Years  pall:,  and  the  others  who 
are  daily  difcover'd;  and  it  is  of  the  latter 

that 


?'i 


i 


Ih 


if 


^fi 


■MMiMttM 


^«i9! 


Strong  Wo- 
men. 


[X  ] 

that  we  fpeak  here  more  particularly,  and 
to  whom  we  allign  all  thofe  odious  and 
wretched  Qualities  of  the  Savages  of  North 
Atnerica;  for  it  is  well  known,  that  the 
tirft  Sort  of  them,  as  for  Inftance,  the  Hu- 
ronSy  the  AlgonqtiinSy  the  Iroquois ^  the  Illi- 
nois and  perhaps  fome  others  are  now  pret- 
ty well  civiliz'd,  fo  that  their  Reafon  be- 
gins to  clear  up,  and  they  may  become  ca- 
pable of  Inllrudlion. 

Amazing  and  incomprehenfible,  but  at 
the  fame  Time  adorable  Difpofition  of  Di- 
vine Providence !  We  fee  here  a  vail  Tradl 
of  the  Earth,  of  an  immenfe  Extent,  of  a 
wonderful  Soil  for  Tillage  and  Fertility  in 
all  Sorts  of  Fruit  and  Grain ;  of  an  admi- 
rable Temperature  as  to  the  Air,  which 
appears  by  the  very  numerous  Inhabitants 
being  fcarce  fubje(i:t  to  any  Difeafes,  and  in 
that  the  Sex,which  among  us  is  weak, is  there 
Strong  and  Vigorous,  bringing  forth  their 
Children  with  little  or  no  Pain,  and  fuck- 
ling  them  amidrt  Labour  and  Fatigues, 
without  any  of  thofe  Miferies  they  are  li- 
able to  in  our  Countries.  Yet  that  vail 
and  beautiful  Country,  defcrib'd  in  this 
Journal,  fo  much  favour'd  with  Worldly 
Blelllngs,  has  been  for  fo  many  Ages  de- 
ftitute  of  the  Heavenly. 

The  infinite  Numbers  of  People  inhabi- 
ting it  are  Men,  and  have  fcarce  any  thing 
but  the  Shape;  they  are  God's  Creatures, 

and 


XI  I 
unci  do  not  I'o  much  as  know,  much  lefs 
lerve  him.  Thole  who  have  the  Courage 
;ind  Holdnefs  to  travell  through  the  Coun- 
tries of  (uch  Savages,  and  thole  who  read 
the  Relations  of  fuch  Travellers,  ought 
to  take  Care  how  they  make  any  rafli  Re- 
Hedtions  upon  this  Point,  or  pry  too  deep- 
ly into  it;  for  they  may  chance  to  lofe 
themfelves  in  their  Thoughts.  The  Ihor- 
test  and  the  fafeft  Courfe  is,  in  fuch  Cafes, 
to  adore  the  inconceivable  Profoundnefsof 
the  Creator's  Wifdom;  to  give  a  Check 
to  all  our  Enquiries  and  Curiofities,  with 
the  Apollle's  Exclamation,  O  the  Depth  of 
the  Riches  both  of  the  Wifdom  and  Kfiowkdge 
of  God!  Hoiv  mil'earchahle  are  his  Judgments 
and  his  Ways  pa jl  finding  out!  And  never 
cealing  to  return  Thanks  to  his  Goodnefs, 
for  having  fo  abundantly  fupply'd  us  with 
his  Light  and  Grace,  to  conjure  him  to 
impart  the  fame  to  thofe  poor  dillirefs'd  A- 
mericans^'xwdi  that  he  who  is  Almighty,will  of 
thofeStones  makeChildren  ^i Abraham  r^\\\^ 
all  Chrillians  are  oblig'd  incellantly  to 
pray  for,  becaufe  as  Brutilh  and  Stupid  as 
thofe  Savages  are,  they  are  IHII  our  Brethren, 
fince  like  us  defcended  from  Adam  and 
Noah. 

How  much  are  we  then  oblig'd  to  those 
bold  Travellers,  who  undertake  new  Dif- 
coveries,  who  to  the  Hazard  of  their  Lives, 
at  their  own  Expence,  and  with  fuch  ex- 
traordinary 


\l 


k 


.11 


l^. 


I    ^'^    I 

traordinary  Toils,  go  to  riiui  out  tor  us,  not 
only  numerous  Objedts  of  our  Curiofity 
and  Admiration,  which  were  before  un- 
known to  us,  but  who  alio  difcover  to  us 
a  numerous  Kindred,  which  is  not  ever 
the  lefs  fuch,  for  having  been  fo  long  un- 
known to  us.  What  if  it  be  brutal  and 
indocible,  it  will  be  the  more  Meritorious 
to  Labour  at  Civilizing  of  and  making  it 
capable  of  receiving  the  Lights  of  Reaion 
and  of  Faith.  We  can  never  futficiently  ex- 
prefs  our  Gratitude  to  thofe  who  apply 
themfelves  to  the  making  of  new  Difco- 
veries;  the  more  Difficulties  that  attend 
them,  the  more  we  are  beholding  to  thole 
who  undertake  them.  Suppofing  that 
Avarice,  Ambition,  a  rellless  Temper,  or 
a  defperate  Fortune,  are  verv  often  the 
Occafions  of  fuch  Undertakings;  yet  God, 
who  can  draw  Good  out  of  Evil,  makes  all 
thofe  Pallions  fubfervient  to  his  Glory,  and 
the  Salvation  of  his  Elecit,  and  if  long 
Travels  do  not  commonly  make  Saints  of 
the  Travellers,  it  is  their  own  Fault. 
However,  they  at  leall  prepare  the  Way 
to  the  San<ft:itication  of  fo  many  Barbari- 
ans, beating  a  Road  for  the  MilFioners, 
who  go  to  inrtrudt  thofe  People.  Thus  all 
the  World  is  beholden  to  them ;  the  Sa- 
vages for  the  Knowledge  of  God  that  is 
procur'd  them;  and  we  for  finding  by 
their  Means  an  infinite  Number  of  People 

before 


■;«• 
■M 


'inffx-r"". 


-^il4r4d 


:^ 


I    xiii    I 
before  unknown,  who  will  join  with  us  in 
vScrving  and  (iloritying  the  Creator  ot'  the 
Univerfe. 

Granting  tliat  the  laid  I'raveller.s  arc 
not  fonietimes  exad,  or  agree  among 
themfelves  in  their  Relations,  their  I)e- 
Icriptions  and  their  Maps;  this  nuili  be  an 
unavoidable  l^'ault  in  Difcoverers;  but 
even  that  is  advantageous  to  the  Publick, 
for  as  much  as  their  Succellors  are  excited 
to  examine  thofe  Points  more  ltri<J;lly,  to 
corrcdl,  explain  and  afcertain  thofe  Mi- 
llakes. 

In  acknowledgment  therefore  of  the  Ser- 
vice done  us  by  thofe  Illullrious  Adventu- 
rers and  to  make  them  lome  Sort  of 
Amends  for  their  Sufferings,  let  us  tranf- 
mit  their  Names  to  Pollerity  in  our  Writ- 
ings; let  us  applaud  their  Actions  when 
we  read  them,  and  let  us  commend  their 
Relations.  This  here,  moll  certainly  de- 
ferves  to  be  read  and  commended,  for  it  is 
Curious,  Extraordinary  and  Tragical.  It 
is  alfo,  as  has  been  laid  before,  ingaging,  at 
this  Conjundhire,  when  there  is  a  Delign 
of  making  Settlements  in  thofe  CountricvS, 
it  mentions,  the  Confequence  whereof 
may  be  moll  Honourable  and  Advantage- 
ous to  the  Nation.  The  Travel  thro'  that 
Country  is  one  of  the  greatell  and  moll  full 
of  Difficulties  that  has  been  perform'd; 
the  Relation  of  it  being  made  by  an  Eye 

Witnefs 


I 


t1 


i 


w 


\ 


m^ 


\  r\ 


:|1 


*'i- 


% 


\ 


Witnefs,  and  in  a  natural,  plain  and  par- 
ticular Manner,  deferves  to  be  credited; 
but  being  only  a  Journal,  it  is  not  capable 
of  admitting  of  Ornaments  or  Embellifh- 
ments.  The  Reader  will  be  pleas'd  to 
excufe  the  Repetition  of  the  fame  Words 
in  it,  on  Account  of  the  Impoflibility  of 
doing  otherwife,  and  will  think  it  enough 
that  the  Barrennefs  of  the  Narration  is  made 
Amends  for  by  the  Curiofity  of  the  Sub- 
jects. I  am  of  Opinion  the  fmall  Notes  I 
have  added  will  not  be  difpleafing,  becaufe 
they  explain  fome  Particulars,  which  are 
not  very  intelligible  to  fuch  as  are  not  us'd 
to  read  many  Travels. 

After  having  faid  the  Good  and  the  Bad 
of  this  North  America,  mentioning  the 
Beauty  and  Excellency  of  its  Climate  and 
the  Brutality  of  its  People,  and  recited  the 
infinite  Hardfliips,  thofe  who  defign  to  tra- 
vel mull:  refolve  to  undergo,  I  am  of  O- 
pinion  it  will  be  proper  to  fay  fomething  of 
the  late  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  who  is  the 
principal  Perfon,  and  as  it  were,  the  Hero 
of  this  Relation,  tho'  having  been  murder- 
ed by  his  own  Men,  he  fell  the  unfortu- 
nate Victim  of  the  Difcovery  here  treated 
of.  It  is  alfo  convenient  to  make  known 
what  went  before  that,  which  is  contain'd 
in  this  Journal,  and  the  prefent  happy 
Confequence    of    that    fatal     Enterprize. 

Here 


,^i 


XV 

Here  follows  what  I  have  ot"  my  own 
particular  Knowledge,  and  by  what  has 
been  written. 

Robert  Cavelier,  commonly  call'd  Auou/u  of 
Monlieur  de  la  Sak,  a  Native  of  Roa?/,  Mo,,fu-i,r 
of  a  good  f'amily,  having  been  educated 
in  Piety  and  Learning,  went  over  very 
young  into  Canada  and  took  Delight  in 
Trade,  but  more  in  Projedls  of  new  Dil- 
coveries  up  the  Inland  of  thofe  vaft  Coun- 
tries. Intending  to  fettle  there  and  make 
that  his  Country,  he  purchafed  an  Ha- 
bitation in  the  Ifland  of  Mont-real,  where 
has  been  built  the  fecond  Town  of  Cana- 
da, lixty  Leagues  above  Rebeck,  which 
is  the  Capital,  being  alfo  a  Bilhoprick, 
;rnd  the  Refidence  of  the  Governor,  the 
Intendant  and  the  i'upreme  Council. 
There  are  but  only  thofe  two  Towns  in 
the  Country,  befides  fome  Villages.  They 
are  both  feated  on  the  great  River  of  St. 
Laurence,  which  coming  from  the  S.  W. 
is  form'd  or  increafed  by  the  Wafers  of 
rive  prodigious  frefh  Water  Lakes,  run- 
ning out  one  into  another,  and  through 
them  it  partes  to  run  down  to  difcharge 
itfelf  in  the  Ocean,  at  a  very  fpacious 
Mouth,  making  Way  for  the  Ships  that 
delign  to  penetrate  into  Canada. 

Many    Difcoveries    had   been  made  to 
the    Northward,    before    Monfieur   de  la 

a  Sale''i> 


ffi! 


li 


^W»<W«9BltWP 


wmmmmm 


XVI 

Sa/e'a  Time;  becaufe  there  being  Plenty 
of  very  good  Furs,  the  Traders  of  ^f- 
/jt'c/;  and  Mont-real.,  by  Means  of  the  Ad- 
venturers caird  Wood-Metiy  from  their 
travehng  thro'  the  Woods,  had  penetrated 
very  far  up  the  Country  that  Way;  but 
none  had  advanc'd  far  towards  the  South 
or  South- Well,  beyond  Fort  Frontenac, 
which  is  on  the  Lake  Ontario^  the  neareft 
this  Way  of  the  live  great  Lakes.  How- 
ever, upon  the  Report  of  the  Natives, 
it  was  fuppofed,  that  great  and  advanta- 
geous Difcoverics  might  be  made.  There 
had  been  much  Talk  of  the  rich  Mines  of 
St.  Barbara^  in  the  Kingdom  of  Mexico^ 
and  fome  were  tempted  to  give  them  a 
Vifit. 

Something  was  known  of  the  famous 
River  MilJiJipiy  which  it  was  fuppofed 
might  fall  into  the  South  Sea,  and  open 
a  Way  to  it.  Thefe  Conjectures  work- 
ing upon  Monfieur  de  la  Sale^  who  being 
zealous  for  the  Honour  of  his  Nation,  de- 
Hh  Cba-  ''g"^<i  ^^  lignalize  the  French  Name,  on 
racier.  Account  of  extraordinary  Difcoveries, 
beyond  all  that  went  before  him;  he 
form'd  the  Defign  and  refolv'd  to  put  it 
in  Execution.  He  was  certainly  very  fit 
for  it,  and  fucceeded  at  the  Expence  of 
his  Life;  for  no  Man  has  done  fo  much 
in  that  Way  as  he  did   for  the  Space  of 

twenty 


t 


xvn 

twenty  Years  he  fpent  in  that  Employ- 
ment. He  was  a  Man  of  a  regular  Be- 
haviour, of  a  large  Soul,  well  enough 
learned,  and  understanding  in  the  Mathe- 
maticks,  defigning,  bold,  undaunted, 
dexterous,  infinuating,  not  to  be  difcou- 
rag'd  at  any  Thing,  ready  at  extricating 
himfelf  out  of  any  Difficulties,  no  Way 
apprehenfive  of  the  greateft  Fatigues, 
wonderful  Iteady  in  Adverfity,  and  what 
was  of  extraordinary  Ufe,  well  enough 
verfed  in  feveral  Savage  Languages.  M. 
de  Id  Sale  having  fuch  extraordinary  Ta- 
lents, whereof  he  had  given  fufficient 
Proofs  upon  feveral  Occalions,  gain'd  the 
Erteem  of  the  Governors  of  Canada;  and 
Meflleurs  de  Crjtircelles,  Talon  and  de  Fron- 
tenac  fucceffively  exprefs'd  the  fame,  by 
often  employing  him  in  Affairs  for  the 
Honour  and  Advantage  of  the  Colony. 

The  Government  of  the  Fort  of  Fronte- 
nac\  which  is  the  Place  fartheft  advanc'd  Proprietor 
among    the    Savages,   was    committed    to  '/^«^/ 
nmi,   and  he  going  over  mto  trance,  in  ^^^^ 
the  Year  1675,  the  King  made  him  Pro- 
prietor of  it,  upon   Condition  he  lliould 
put  it  into  a  better  Condition  than  it  was, 
which   he  did,  as  foon  as  return 'd  to  Ca- 
nada.    Then  came  back  again  to  Paris, 
lull  ot  the  new  Informations  he  had  gain'd 
touching  the  River  Mi'//t/ipi,  the  Country 

a   2  it 


I 


//  r/ia^Jr 


-H 


i 


m 


^ii . ; 


^gm 


■P 


wmmm 


mmmmiimmmmmm 


h> 


His  Rt'/iu- 
fatioft 
makes  E- 
riff// Us. 


xviii  I 
runs  through,  the  Mines,  efpecially  thole 
of  Lead  and  Copper,  the  navigable  Ri- 
vers, and  the  Trade  that  might  be  car- 
ried on  of  Furs  and  the  rine  Wooll  of 
thofe  wild  Bullocks,  whereof  there  are 
infinite  Numbers  in  the  Forefts.  Being 
alfo  furnifh'd  with  better  Accounts  of 
that  Country,  than  the  Fables  that  were 
then  publifli'd,  by  the  Name  of  a  Voy- 
age of  the  Sieur  yoliet,  he  was  well  re- 
ceiv'd  at  Court,  and  difpatch'd  with  the 
necefl'ary  Orders  for  proceeding  on  his 
Difcoveries. 

The  great  Reputation  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale  had  gain'd,  and  his  mighty  Projedls, 
occafion'd  a  Jealoufy  in  fome  and  Envy 
in  others.  His  own  Countrymen  thwar- 
ted his  Defigns;  but  he  furmounted  all 
thofe  Obftacles  and  return'd  into  Canada, 
about  the  Year  1678,  with  the  Chevalier 
Totityy  an  Italian  Gentleman,  a  Perfon  of 
Worth  and  that  had  ferv'd,  whom  he 
gain'd  to  his  Enterprize.  He  alfo  pick'd 
up  in  the  Country  forty  or  fifty  Perfons 
fit  for  that  Expedition,  and  among  them 
were  three  Recolets,  whom  he  carry'd 
over  to  try  what  might  be  done  as  to 
Chrirtianity  among  the  Savages;  he 
was  well  acquainted  with,  and  had  a  juft 
Efteem  for  the  Virtue,  the  Capacity  and 
the  Zeal   of  thofe   good,  religious   Men, 

who 


MM;*^>««|«**i,i#«»i^(iVy!5»ft^"-^i*r<^;-^^,^^^ 


m 


I      XIX 

who  alone  firll  undertook  the  MiHlon 
into  that  new  World,  and  who  being 
feconded  by  others,  have  carry'd  it  on 
there,  with  To  much  Edification. 

Monfieur  c^e  la  Sale  having  Ipent  two 
Years  in  going  and  coming,  iHll  thwart- 
ed by  thofe  who  envy'd  him  in  the  Coun- 
try, to  fuch  a  Degree,  that  had  it  not 
been  for  an  Antidote,  he  muft  have  dy'd 
of  Poifon  given  him  by  fonie  Villains, 
could  not  order  his  Affairs  and  begin  his 
Expedition  till  the  Year  1682.  Fie  fet 
ont  at  length,  and  to  the  End  his  Difco- 
very  of  the  MiJJiJipi  might  be  compleat, 
he  caus'd  Father  Hennephiy  a  Recolet, 
with  fome  others,  to  travel  to  the  North-  Source  of 
ward,  that  they  might  find  out  the  j^^'^  ^'"'" 
Source  of  that  River,  and  they  found  it, 
about  the  50th  Degree  of  North  Lati- 
tude. For  his  own  Pa  t,  he  proceeded 
to  the  Weilward  and  found  the  River  of 
the  Illhiois.  which  he  call'd  the  River  of  Illinois 
Seignelay,  and  following  its  Courfe,  '^'^''''• 
came  into  the  MiJ/iJipi,  where  the  other 
difcharges  it  felf  He  then  concluded 
he  had  no  more  to  do,  but  to  run  down 
to  its  Mouth,  whether  in  the  South  Sea 
or  the  Gulph  of  Mexico.  All  along  its 
Hanks  he  found  many  Savage  Nations, 
with  whom,  by  Means  of  his  Prefents, 
he   enter'd   into    Alliances,  and   gave   the 

a   3  Country 


>  'I 


J^i 


I 


I 

1,1  J 


>WPM 


«ni 


viw 


'^wf^wm 


'  I 


Country  the  Name  of  Lout/iana,  to  ho- 
nour the  Name  and  Memory  of  our  Au- 
gurt  Monarch,  in  whole  Reign  thofe 
Difcoveries  were  made.  At  length,  the 
Courfe  of  the  Mi//i/tpi  convey'd  Monfieur 
t/e  la  Sale  to  its  Mouths,  as  falling  into 
the  Gulph  of  Mexico  in  two  Streams,  and 
he  arriv'd  there  in  the  Month  of  April 
1682  or  1683,  ^^^  ^^^  Dates  of  thofe 
who  have  writ  concerning  it,  make  ei- 
ther of  thofe  Years.  He  ftay'd  there 
fome  Days,  to  take  Obfervations  and 
place  fome  Marks  which  he  might  know- 
again,  when  he  return'd.  Being  fatif- 
rted  with  having  found  fome  Part  of 
what  he  fought,  he  return'd  the  fame 
Way  he  had  gone,  and  came  again  to 
i^eheck  in  Cafiada^  in  order  to  go  over 
to  France^  and  thence  to  make  a  Tryal 
to  find  that  Mouth  of  the  M/l/iJipi  by 
the  Gulf  of  Mexico y  which  he  had  alrea- 
dy difcover'd  by  the  Way  of  Cajiada^  and 
to  fecure  it ;  for  he  thought  it  much  more 
advantageous  to  know  it  by  the  Way 
of  the  Sea,  than  to  go  thither  by  Land, 
becaufe  the  Voyage  through  Canada  is 
much  longer  and  more  troublefome, 
and  can  be  perform'd  but  once  a  Year, 
whereas  by  the  Way  of  the  Bay  of  Mex- 
ico it  is  not  longer,  but  is  much  more 
commodious,    and     may     be     perform'd 

in 


4 


ihf^x^mt»iRiiii^iiiltuikliii0k6^^  iiiiiiW^»K-Hmii>-^'^»:m»-vt<>m»9tgji 


in  all  Scafons,  either  going  or  coming. 
He  was  alfo  fenfible  that  the  laid  Mouth 
being  once  difcover'd  by  Sea,  afforded  an 
eafier  and  fafer  Communication  with 
Canada,  running  up  that  noble  River, 
the  Navigation  whereof  is  not  inter- 
upted  by  Falls,  nor  Torrents  for  above 
llxty  Leagues  towards  its  Source. 

Thefe  Confiderations  mov'd  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  to  take  another  Voyage  into 
France,  where  his  Expedition  having 
been  commended  and  his  new  Project 
approv'd  of,  the  King  order'd  him  Vef- 
fels  to  return  and  carry  on  his  Enter- 
prize,  the  Particulars  whereof  are  to 
be  found  in  this  Journal.  That  Affair, 
fo  well  begun,  feem'd  to  promile  very 
advantageous  Confequences;  but  it  mif- 
carried  through  the  Perfidioufnefs  and 
Villany  of  that  noble  Adventurer's  own 
People. 

This    is    what    I    have    iudg'd    might  The  other 
lerve   as   an    Introduction    to   your  Jour-  „i,.„tio,i\i 
nal,  if  it  Ihall   not  be  thought  to  difho-  />  -n  the 
nour  it,  vou  may  place  it  before  the  faid  ^'"^  -^  \'-'' 
Journal,  and   that   which   follows   at   the 
End  of  it,  which  will   (hew  how  far  that 
great  Enterprise  of  the  Difcovery  of  the 

Uffillpi  has  been  carried. 


!;.* 

I 


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'^W 


/ 


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U  ' 


a   4 


THE 


i  f'i 


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■^oi 


r  H  E 


PREFACE. 


Written  by  the 


Sieur  de  MITCH  EL, 


Who    Mcthodiz'd     this     Journal. 


-m 


NOtiinthJiandhig  the  late  Monjimr  de 
la  Sale'i  Voyage  had  a  moji  unfortu- 
nate End,  as  to  his  oivn  Per/on,  yet  that  'will 
not  hinder  Pq/lerity,  from  ever  alloiving  him 
the  Title  of  a  moJl  renowned  Traveller. 

The  Hi/lory  of  his  Enterprize  ivill  be 
acceptable  to  future  Ages,  for  laying  before 
them,  the  extraordinary  Genius,  the  invin- 
cible Courage,  and  the  undaunted  Refoluti- 
on  of  fuch  a  Man,  ivho  could  contrive  and 

execute 


ite«*(««ii«»-i**M«isiiB»i«3^^  fli«rfl*i»tv«iiB»«*«i»«W<«***'S»|| 


m 


P  R  E  F  A  C  E. 

execute   the   Means  for  dijcovenng    the   re- 
maining Part  of  the  World. 

And  in  regard  that  the  Particulars  of 
the  Difcovery  of  thofe  large  and  immenfc 
Provinces^  will  always  he  the  Objetl  of  cu- 
rious and  underjlanding  Perfons^  it  is  not 
to  be  wonder  d,  that  after  what  has  been 
writ  by  Father  Hennepin,  a  Recolet,  the 
Chevalier  Tonty  atid  fonie  others^  we  here 
now  puhlijh  an  Hi/lorical  "Journal  of  the 
la /I  Voyage  Monfeur  de  la  Sale  undertook  into 
the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  to  the  Country  of 
Louifiana,  to  fnijh  what  he  had  projeBed 
at  his  former  Voyage,  had  not  the  Trea- 
chery of  his  own  Men  cut  him  off. 

This  yournal  of  Monfieur  Joutel,  where- 
of Monjieur  Tonty  makes  mention  in  the 
Book  that  has  been  printed  of  the  lajl 
Difcoveries  in  America,  Folio  3 1 9,  has 
this  peculiar,  that  it  exatlly  contains  what 
hapned  to  Monjieur  de  la  Sale,  l^ay  by  Day, 
in  that  fatal  Voyage,  Jincc  his  Departure 
from  Rochelle  to  his  death,  and  till  the 
Return  of  his  Brother  Monfeur  Cavelier 
the  Prie/l,  Monfeur  Cavelier  his  Nephew, 
the  Reverend  Father  Anaftaikis,  the  Re- 
colet, and  the  /aid  Sieur  Joutel,  who  in 
Order  to  return  to  France,  took  that  long 
Journey  by  Land,  from  the  Gulf  of  Mexi- 
co to  Canada,  being  a  TraB  of  above 
800  Leagues. 

Many 


m  ■ 


:   f 


\ 


mm 


i  'ii 

m 


♦     4 


!^  R  E  F  A  C  E. 

Matty  Adventurer  of  all  Sorts  ^  mo /I  of 
which  are  Tragical,  will  pleaje  the  curious 
Reader;  and  above  all  he  will  admire  the 
ProteBion  of  Divine  Providence^  in  Con- 
ducting and  Preferving  that  fmall  Com- 
pany throughout  thoje  vajl  Regions,  and  a- 
mongfo  many  barbarous  Nations. 

We  do  not  here  pretend  to  Criticife  upon 
the  Work  of  Father  Hennepin,  or  that  of 
Moti/ieur  Tonty ;  but  even  their  own  Fa- 
vourers cannot  take  it  ill,  that  this  Author 
does  not  J b  me  times  Jay  as  they  do ;  that  he 
plainly  delivers  what  he  faw,  and  that  he 
expofes  to  publick  Fiew  all  the  Truths  he 
was  an  Eye  Witnefs  to,  without  magnifying 
or  inventing. 

It  is  neverthelefs  true,  that  they  may  be 
all  excused  as  to  J'ome  Particulars ;  Father 
Hennepin  and  Mon/ieur  Tonty  may  have 
J'een  fome  Things,  that  did  not  come  to  the 
Knowledge  of  Mon/ieur  Joutel ;  but  there  is 
a  FaB  of  great  Confequence  in  the  Hi/lory 
of  Mon/ieur  de  la  Sale,  which  mu/l  not  be 
pa/id  over  in  Siletice. 

It  is,  that  Mon/ieur  Tonty,  in  his  Book 
a//irms,  that  Mon/ieur  de  la  Sale  at  length 
found  the  Mouth  of  the  MiHlfipi,  and  Mon- 
Jieur  Joutel  aj/'erts  the  contrary,  and  Jays, 
that  is  Jo  far  from  being  true,  that  during 
his  la/l  Progre/s  towards  the  Cenis,  when 
the  /'aid  Sieur   Joutel    was  with  him,  a?ui 

had 


Sftsrs««;?^>ys.:*r-'i*^ 


^Hii  ji^ijvSK***'.'.  • 


Book 

length 

Mon- 

\/ay.s\ 

iuring 

ivhen 

and 

had 


m 


■A 


I 


P  R  E  F  A  C  E. 

had  never  /fee ft  parted,  Mon/ieur  dc  la  Salc'j 
f)rincipal  Care  was  to  enquire  of  all  the  Na- 
tions they  pafs'd  through ,  where  the  Mifllfi- 
pi  was,  and  could  never  hear  any  thing  of 
it;  that  this  is  evidently  made  out,  becauje 
if  Mon/ieur  dc  la  Sale  had  found  the  Mouth 
of  that  River,  he  would  infallibly  have 
taken  another  Way,  and  other  Meafures,  and 
all  the  Appearances  are  on  this  Side,  as  max 
he  feen  in  this  Relation. 

However,  this  mujl  be  f aid  in  Behalf  of 
Mon/ieur  Tonty,  that  /x'  deliver  d  it  upon 
the  Report  of  Monjieur  Cavelier  the  Prie/l, 
and  Brot/jer  to  Mon/ieur  de  la  Sale ;  luhich 
Monfeur  Cavelier  mig/jt  have  Rea/'ons  to 
give  out  t/jey  had  dif cover  d  the  Mill  ill  pi, 
upon  the  fame  Views  as  oblig  d  him  to  con- 
ceal his  Brother  s  Death. 

Now  in  regard  we  Jh all  Jee  Mon/ieur  de  la 
"^^Ae,  for  Jhme  time  ranging  along  the  Coa/ls 
of  North  America,  to  find  out  the  Mouth 
of  t/jat  River,  it  will  l)e  proper  to  inform 
thofe  who  /jave  not  feen  his  fr/l  Voyage,  and 
J  hew  them  how  it  liapned  that  his  Search 
prov'd  in  vain,  and  he  was  oblig  d  to  land 
in  another  Place. 

After  Mon/ieur  de  la  Sale  had  di/'cover  d 
that  va/l  Contificnt,  which  is  a  Part  of 
North  America,  from  Canada,  by  the  Way 
of  Montreal,  going  up  the  River  of  St. 
Laurence,   then  through  the  Country  of  the 

Iroquois, 


\\i 


•f1 


i  '1^ 
« ^ 


•;.  ¥\ 


i-   i     ' 


f 


I  Wm\ 


■■  \ 


f  / 


ll 


P  R  E  1'  A  C  K. 

Iroquois,  Mf  Illinois  ant/  others y  all  which 
he  caWd  Louifiana,  his  Dejign  was  to  find 
a  Jhorter  and  a  fafer  Way^  than  that  he  had 
TraveWd  hy  Land. 

For  this  Reafon  if  was,  that  having  upon 
his  firjl  Difcovety  found  the  great  River, 
caird  hy  the  Barbarians  Millllipi  or  Me- 
chafipi,  according  to  Father  Hennepin, 
and  to  which  he  gave  the  Name  of  Colbert, 
guej/ing  hy  its  Courje  that  it  fell  into  the  Bay 
of  Mexico,  he  refolvd  with  himjelf  to  find 
out  the  Mouth  of  it. 

In  jhorty  he  ran  down  that  River,  with 
more  Danger  and  Toil  than  can  he  imagin  d, 
found  it  parted  into  two  Streams  and  follow'  d 
that  which  was  mojl  to  the  Northward,  to  the 
Place  where  if  is  lo/l  in  the  Sea.  He  tool- 
the  Latitude  that  Mouth  lay  in,  and  found 
it  was  between  28  and  29  Degrees  North,  as 
Monfteur  Joutel  affirms  he  heard  him  fay. 
He  left  Marks  there,  return  d  the  fame 
Way  to  Canada  and  thence  into  France, 
well  plea  fed  with  his  Difcovery,  which  would 
have  been  very  glorious,  had  he  fucceeded  in 
his  fecond  Voyage. 

But  whether  he  did  not  take  his  Mea fares 
right,  when  he  made  his  Obfervations  ajhore, 
or  whether  that  River  dif gorges  it  felf  at  a 
flat  Coafl,  and  only  leaves  fome  inconfde- 
rahle  Mark  of  its  Channel  for  fuch  as  come 
by   Sea;    it    is    mofl   certain,    that   when    he 

came 


it; 

i 


«>w».aWi»*K!tfeiiliilliiiaPrt^ 


1^  R  li  F  A  C  E. 

came  into  the  Buy  o/' Mexico,  he  /ought  for 
the  fame  Mouth  in  Faitiy  during  the  Space 
of  three  IVeeJis,  and  was  obligd  to  go  ajhore 
to  the  S.  IV.  of  the  Place^  where  it  really 
was. 

Mon/ieur  Tonty,  in  his  Book^  Fol.  192. 
tells  uSy  that  he  was  present  when  Mon/ieur 
tie  la  Sale  took  the  Latitude  of  the  Mouth  of 
the  Mi  111  dpi,  at  his  /ir/l  Voyage^  and  fays  it 
was  hetween  twenty  two  and  twenty  three 
Degrees  North;  hut  that  is  a  Mi/lake, 
which  mu/l  be  aj/igtied  either  to  the  Printer, 
or  Tranfcriher,  for  in  the  Map  the  /'aid  Mon- 
Jieur  Tonty  has  added  to  his  Book^  he  places 
the  /'aid  Month  in  a  hour  twenty  fx  De- 
grees and  a  Half  of  North  ^  atitudcy  and 
there  is  Rea/'on  to  believe  /  errs  in  that 
too. 

Mon/ieur  Joutel  and  fome  others  are  of 
()piniony  that  the  Mouth  of  that  Branch 
Mon/ieur  de  la  Sale  went  down^  is  in  the 
Bay  of  the  Holy  Ghoil:,  and  aBually  between 
the  twenty  eighth  and  twenty  ninth  Degrees 
of  North  Latitude^  as  Mon/ieur  de  la  Sale 
found  it.  As  for  the  other  Channel,  the 
/'anie  Sieur  Joutel  believes  it  is  farther  to- 
wards the  S.  W.  and  a/)out  the  Shoals  they 
met  with  about  the  6th  «>/'  January,  1685, 
hetween  the  twenty  feventh  and  twenty  eighth 
Degrees  of  North  Latitude,  when  they  were 

Jailing 


U4 


h 


\i' 


V 


t 


4 


♦     i": 


P  R  E  F  A  C  E. 

I  (filing  along  the  Coajl  of  the  Bay  o/"  Mexi- 
co, and  that  thoje  Shoals  were  the  Marks 
of  a  River  difcharging  it  felf  there^  which 
they  JiegleBed  to  inquire  into.  If  that  be 
Jo,  Monjieur  de  la  Sale  was  very  near  it, 
and  even  pafsd  along  before  both  the  Mouths, 
but  U7 fortunately ,  without  perceiving  them, 
which  was  the  main  Caufe  of  his  Death  and 
the  Ruin  of  his  Enterprize. 

To  conclude,  it  mujl  be  granted,  that  as 
the  Return  of  that  f mall  Number  of  Perfons, 
from  a  Country  fo  remote  and  through  fo  ma- 
ny Dangers,  is  a  viftble  EffeB  of  the  Di- 
vine ProteBio7i;  fo  it  is  alfo  an  Efeti  of 
Heavenly  "JuJHce  to  have  preferv'd  thofe 
IVitneJJes,  and  to  have  brought  them  Home 
into  Monjiuer  de  la  SaleV  Country,  to  re- 
trieve his  Reputation,  which  had  been  fully  d 
by  his  Enemies. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  would  have  been  ta- 
ken for  a  Dreamer,  and  even  for  an  Im- 
po/lor;  his  Enterprize  had  been  condemned, 
and  his  Memory  b  la /led;  but  God  would  not 
permit  the  Honour  of  a  Man  of  fuch  fingu- 
lar  Merit  to  fujfer;  it  pleas' d  him  to 
preferve  and  bring  Home  unquejlionable 
Wit:\Jh,  who,  by  Word  of  Mouth  and  other 
undoubted  Proofs  of  the  notable  Difcoveries 
made  by  Monjieur  de   la  Sale,  have  Jlopp'd 

the 


St 


..,-.-.  m:>H.»«>l>*t'SM»ifl&^l^^ 


PREFACE. 

the  Months  of  his  Enemies^  and  made  out 
the  Truth  of  what  has  been  ajferted  at  the 
Beginning  of  this  Difcourfey  viz.  that  Mon- 
Jieur  de  la  Sale  only  wanted  good  Fortune  to 
feciire  him  the  Title  of  a  great  Man  and  a 
renowned  Traveller. 


^Jf 


»^' 


1^ 


h 


t  \ 


fl 


li 


■11 


Advertifement,  to  the  Brkijli  Gentry. 

WHercas  all  Gentlemen  ought  to  fit  thenifelves  be- 
times for  thole  Employments  which  naturally  tall 
to  their  Share,  preferable  to  their  Fellow  Subjefts ;  ami 
that  they  who  defign  in  particular  to  ferve  their  Prince 
Abroad,  arc  obliged  to  underlland  the  Interefts  and  Pre- 
tentions of  Foreign  States,  as  well  as  the  Laws  and  Con- 
iHtution  of  their  own  Country  :  It  has  been  judg'd  ver\ 
ferviceable,  by  Perfons  of  great  Experience,  to  have 
the  moll  celebrated  Monfieur  Wicqucfort's  Ambafl'ador 
Iran  Hated  into  the  Englilh  Tongue,  as  being  the  only 
Book  that  pcrfcftly  exhau.'.s  this  Matter,  litde  being 
written  on' the  Subjeft  by  other  Nations  in  Coniparifon 
of  the  Italians,  whofe  Books  are  too  defedVive  and  ab- 
llrafted  for  common  Pradtice.  Propofals  will  Ihortly  be 
publilhed,  for  printing  the  laid  Book  by  Subfcription, 
by  the  Undertaker  Bernard  Lintott  between  the  two 
Temple-Gates 

The  Tragedy  of  Jane  Shore,  written  in  Shakcfpear'^ 
Style,  by  Nicholas  Row  Efij;  as  it  is  afted  at  the  Oueen's 
Tlieatre  in  the  Hay- Market,      pr.  i  s.  6  d. 

The  Rape  of  the  Lock,  an  heroick  comical  Poem,  in 
9  Canto's,  with  6  Copper  Plates,  by  Mr.  Pope.    pr.  i  s. 

The  Works  of  Monfieur  de  Moliere,  tranllated,  in  6 
Vols.  1 2s.  printed  on  tine  Paper  and  new  Elziver  Let- 
ter. 

The  Clergy-nian'>  Recreation,  lliewing  the  Pleafurc 
and  Profit  of  the  Art  of  Gard'ning.  By  John  Lawrence. 
A.  M.  Rertor  of  Yelvcrtoll  in  Northampton Ihire,  and 
fometime  Fellow  of  Clare-Hall  in  Cambridge. 

Mifcellaneous  Poems  and  Tranllations  by  leveral 
Hands,  particularly,  the  firll  Book  of  Statius  his  Thebais 
tranllated.  The  Fable  of  V'ertumnus  and  i'omoua,  from 
the  14th  Book  of  Ovid's  Metamorphofis.  To  a  young 
Lady;  with  the  Works  of  V'oiture.  On  Silence.  To  the 
.Author  of  a  Poem  entituled  Succeflio.  The  Rape  of 
the  Lock.  An  Ode  for  Mulick  on  St.  Cecilia's  Day. 
Windfor  Forell.  To  the  Right  //onourable  George  Ld. 
Lanfdown.  An  EUay  on  Criticifm,  An  Epigram  upon 
Two  or  Three.     All  written  by  Mr.  Pope. 


•  «*<■■.  tjteV .  ■•aiitiu.i-.^Metf*  > 


in 


levera! 

I'hebai.s 

1,   t'roni 

young 

To  the 

iape    of" 

Day. 

rge  Ld. 

tn   upon 


(   '   ) 


AN 

Historical  Journal 

OF    THE 

Late  Monfieur  de  la  Salens 

LAST 

VOYAGE 

INTO 

North  America, 

To  Difcover  the 

River  MISSISIPI. 


AT  the  Time  when  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  /,  j,  ^^^ 
was  preparing  for  his  lad  Voyage  into  Joutcl 
North   America,   I    happen'd    to    be    at  that /peaks 
Roan,  the  Place  where  he  and  I  were  both  born, 
being  return'd   from    the  Army,  where  I    had 
ferv'd    fixteen    or    feventeen    Years. 

The  Reputation  gain'd  by  Monfieur  de  la  Sale, 
the  Greatnefs  of  his  Undertaking,  the  Natural 

B  Curiofity 


m  this 
Journal. 


w 


r1 


>"  \ 


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;  \  ft 


I'. 


T-rmiil 


■IW 


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m 


j. 


\ 


Ju/y  1684 


Departure 
from  Ro- 
chel. 


Perfons 
that  went. 


Ships. 


A\ 


Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e*j  Second  Voyage 

Curiofity  which  all  men  are  poflefs'd  with, 
and  my  Acquaintance  with  his  Kindred,  and 
with  feveral  of  the  Inhabitants  of  that  City, 
who  were  to  bear  him  Company,  eafily  pre- 
vail'd  with  me  to  make  one  of  the  Number,  and 
I  was  admitted  as  a  Voluntier. 

Our  Rendezvous  was  appointed  at  Rochely 
where  we  were  to  imbark.  Meffieurs  Caveliery 
the  one  Brother,  the  other  Nephew  to  Mon- 
fieur  de  la  Sale,  Meffieurs  Chedevilhy  Plant eroze^ 
'Tbibaulty  Orjy  fome  others  and  I,  repair'd  thi- 
ther in  July  1684. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  having  provided  all 
Things  neceffary  for  his  Voyage,  furmounted  all 
the  Difficulties  laid  in  his  Way  by  feveral  ill- 
minded  Perfons,  and  receiv'd  his  Orders  from 
Monfieur  Arnault y  the  Intendant  at  Rochely  pur- 
fuant  to  thofe  he  had  receiv'd  from  the  King, 
we  fail'd  on  the  24th  of  July,  1684,  being 
twenty  four  Veffels,  four  of  them  for  our 
Voyage,  and  the  others  for  the  Iflands  and 
Canada. 

The  four  Veffels  appointed  for  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale's  Enterprize,  had  on  Board  about 
two  hundred  and  eighty  perfons,  including  the 
Crews;  of  which  Number  there  were  one  hun- 
dred Soldiers,  with  their  Officers,  one  Talony 
with  his  Canada  Family,  about  thirty  Volun- 
tiers,  fome  young  Women,  and  the  reft  hired 
People  and  Workmen  of  all  Sorts,  requifite  for 
making  of  a  Settlement. 

The  firft  of  the  four  Veffels  was  a  Man  of 
War,  call'd  le  Jolyy  of  about  thirty  fix  or  forty 
Guns,  commanded  by  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu,  on 
which  Monfieur  de  la  Saky  his  Brother  the 
Prieft,  two    Recolet    Fryars,    Meffieurs    Dain- 

maville 


'r'\'- 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

maville  and  Chedeville^  Priefts,  and  I  imbark'd. 
The  next  was  a  little  Frigate,  carrying  fix 
Guns,  which  the  King  had  given  to  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale,  commanded  by  two  Mafters ;  a 
Flyboat  of  about  three  hundred  Tuns  Burden, 
belonging  to  the  Sieur  Maffiot,  Merchant  at 
Rachel,  commanded  by  the  Sieur  Aigron,  and 
laden  with  all  the  Effedls  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
had  thought  neceffary  for  his  Settlement,  and  a 
fmall  Ketch,  on  which  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had 
imbark'd  thirty  Tuns  of  Ammunition,  and  fome 
Commodities  defign'd  for  Santo  Domingo. 

All  the  Fleet,  being  under  the  Command  of 
Monfieur  de  Beaujeu,  was  order'd  to  keep  to- 
gether as  far  as  Cape  Finijterre,  whence  each  was 
to  follow  his  own  Courfe ;  but  this  was  prevent- 
ed by  an  unexpedled  Accident.  We  were  come 
into  45  Degrees  23  Minutes  of  North  Latitude, 
and  about  50  Leagues  from  Rocbel,  when  the 
Boltfprit  of  our  Ship,  the  Joly,  on  a  fudden, 
broke  fiiort,  which  oblig'd  us  to  flrike  all  our 
other  Sails,  and  cut  all  the  Rigging  the  broken 
Boltfprit  hung  by. 

Every  man  refleded  on  this  Accident  ac- 
cording to  his  Inclination.  Some  were  of  Opi- 
nion it  was  a  Contrivance;  and  it  was  debated 
in  Council,  Whether  we  fhould  proceed  to  Por- 
tugal, or  return  to  Rochel,  or  Rochfort\  but  the 
latter  Refolution  prevail'd.  The  other  Ships 
defign'd  for  the  Iflands  and  Canada,  parted  from 
us,  and  held  on  their  Courfe.  We  made  back 
for  the  River  of  Rochfort,  whither  the  other 
three  Veffels  follow'd  us,  and  a  Boat  was  fent 
in,  to  acquaint  the  Intendant  with  this  Acci- 
dent. The  Boat  returned  fome  Hours  after, 
towing  along  a  Boltfprit,  which  was  foon  fet  in 

B  2  its 


3 

July  1684 


Boltfprit 
loft. 


Return  to 
Rochfort. 


;  %■■ 


.  '4t 


\  ^^  Mi 


%\ 


\ 


Aug.  1684 


Cape  Fi- 
nifterre. 


Madera. 


Differetice 
betweenthe 
Comman- 
ders. 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j-  Second  Voyage 

its  Place,  and  after  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had 
confer'd  with  the  Intendant,  he  left  that  Place 
on  the  firft  o(  AuguJJ^  1684. 

We  fail'd  again,  fleering  W.  and  by  S.  and 
on  the  8th  of  the  fame  Month  weather'd  Cape 
Finijlerre.,  which  is  in  43  Degrees  of  North  La- 
titude, without  meeting  any  Thing  remarkable. 
The  1 2th,  we  were  in  the  Latitude  oi  Lisboriy  or 
about  39  Degrees  North.  The  i6th,  we  were 
in  36  Degrees,  the  Latitude  of  the  Streights^ 
and  the  20th,  difcover'd  the  Ifland  Madera^ 
which  is  in  32  Degrees,  and  where  Monfieur  de 
Beaujeu  propos'd  to  Monsieur  de  la  Sale  to  an- 
chor, and  take  in  Water  and  fome  Refrelh- 
ments. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  was  not  of  that  Mind,  on 
Account  that  we  had  been  but  twenty  one  Days 
from  France^  had  fufficient  Store  of  Water, 
ought  to  have  taken  aboard  Refreftiments 
enough,  and  it  would  be  a  Lofs  of  eight  or  ten 
Days  to  no  Purpofe ;  besides,  that  our  Enter- 
prize  requir'd  Secrecy,  whereas  the  Spaniards 
might  get  fome  Information,  by  Means  of  the 
People  of  that  Ifland,  which  was  not  agree- 
able to  the  King's  Intention. 

This  Anfwer  was  not  acceptable  to  Monfieur 
de  Beaujeu,  or  the  other  Officers,  nor  even  to 
the  Ships  Crew,  who  mutter'd  at  it  very 
much,  and  it  went  fo  far,  that  a  Pafl~enger,  call'd 
Paget,  a  Hugonet  of  Rochel,  had  the  Infolence  to 
talk  to  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  in  a  very  pafllonate 
and  difrefpedful  Manner,  fo  that  he  was  fain 
to  make  his  Complaint  to  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu, 
and  to  ask  of  him,  Whether  he  had  given  any 
Incouragement  to  fuch  a  Fellow  to  talk  to 
him    after    that    Manner.     Monfieur    Beaujeu 

made 


Into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

made  him  no  Satisfaftion.  Thefe  Mifunder- 
flandings,  with  fome  others  which  happen'd  be- 
fore, being  no  Way  advantageous  to  his  Maje- 
fty's  Service,  laid  the  Foundation  of  thofe  tra- 
gical Events,  which  afterwards  put  an  unhappy 
End  to  Monfieur  de  la  Sales  Life  and  Under- 
taking, and  occafion'd  our  Ruin. 

However,  it  was  refolv'd  not  to  come  to  an 
Anchor  at  that  Ifland,  whereupon  Monfieur  de 
Beaujeu  faid,  That  fince  it  was  fo,  we  lliould 
put  in  no  where  but  at  the  Ifland  of  Santo  Do- 
mingo. We  held  on  our  Courfe,  weather'd  the 
Ifland  of  Madera^  and  began  to  fee  thofe  little 
flying  Fiflies,  which  to  eicape  the  Dorados,  or 
Gilt-Heads,  that  purfue  them,  leap  out  of  the 
Water,  take  a  little  Flight  of  about  a  Piftol 
Shot,  and  then  fall  again  into  the  Sea,  but  very 
often  into  Ships,  as  they  are  failing  by.  That 
Filh  is  about  as  big  as  a  Herring,  and  very 
good  to  eat. 

On  the  24th,  we  came  into  the  Trade  Wind, 
which  continually  blows  from  Eafl  to  Weft,  and 
is  therefore  call'd  by  fome  Authors  Fentus  fub- 
JulanuSy  becaufe  it  follows  the  Motion  of  the  Sun. 
The  28th,  we  were  in  27  Degrees  44  Minutes  of 
North  Latitude,  and  in  344  of  Longitude.  The 
30th,  we  had  a  Storm,  which  continu'd  violent 
for  two  Days,  but  being  right  aftern  of  us,  we 
only  loft  Sight  of  the  Ketch,  for  want  of  good 
Steering,  but  flie  join'd  us  again  a  few  Days  after. 

The  6th  of  September,  we  were  under  the  Tro- 
pic oi  Cancer,  in  23  Degrees  30  Minutes  of  North 
Latitude  and  319  of  Longitude.  There  Monf. 
de  la  Sale's  Obftrufting  the  Ceremony  the  Sailors 
call  Ducking,  gave  them  Occafion  to  mutter 
again,  and  render'd  himfelf  privately  odious.   So 

B  3  many 


Jug.  1684 


Flyitig 
Fijb. 


Trade 
Wind. 


Ducking. 


^'-     'I 
>    I 


\ 


1^ 


1  I; 


'<^ 


% 


T^ 


mmmmmmi 


iNHPMi 


«Pi«^|Hi^ 


]) 


\ 


6  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j"  Second  Voyage 

Sept.  1684  many  have  given  an  Account  of  the  Nature  of 
^'^'^'^  that  Folly,  that  it  would  be  needlefs  to  repeat 
it  here ;  it  may  fuffice  to  fay,  that  there  are 
three  things  to  authorize  it,  i.  Cuftom.  2. 
The  Oath  adminifter'd  to  thofe  who  are  duck'd, 
which  is  to  this  Effedl,  'That  they  will  not  permit 
any  to  pafs  the  Tropics  or  the  Line,  without  obliging 
them  to  the  fame  Ceremony.  And  3,  which  is  the 
mod  prevailing  Argument,  the  Intereft  accruing 
to  the  Sailors  upon  that  Occafion,  by  the  Re- 
frefhments.  Liquors  or  Money  given  them  by  the 
Paffengers  to  be  excus'd  from  that  Ceremony. 

Monfr.  de  la  Sale,  being  inform'd  that  all 
Things  were  preparing  for  that  Impertinent  Ce- 
remony of  Ducking,  and  that  a  Tub  full  of 
Water  was  ready  on  the  Deck  {the  French  Duck 
in  a  great  Cask  of  Water,  the  Englijh  in  the  Sea,  let- 
ting down  the  Perfon  at  the  Tard  Arm)  fent  Word, 
that  he  would  not  allow  fuch  as  were  under 
his  Command  to  be  subjed  to  that  Folly, 
which  being  told  to  Monfr.  de  Beaujeu,  he  forbid 
putting  of  it  in  Execution,  to  the  great  Difla- 
tisfadion  of  the  inferior  Officers  and  Sailors, 
who  expelled  a  confiderable  Sum  of  Money  and 
Quantity  of  Refrefhments,  or  Liquors,  becaufe 
there  were  many  Perfons  to  Duck,  and  all  the 
Blame  was  laid  upon  Monfr.  de  la  Sale. 

On  the  iith  of  September,  we  were  in  the 
Hifpani-  Latitude  of  the  Ifland  of  Santo  Domingo,  or  Hif- 
ola  Ijland.  paniola,  being  20  Degrees  North,  and  the  Lon- 
gitude of  320  Degrees.  We  fteer'd  our  Courfe 
Weft,  but  the  Wind  flatting,  the  enfuing  Calm 
quite  ftopp'd  our  Way.  That  fame  Day  Monfr. 
Dainmaville,  the  Prieft,  went  aboard  the  Bark 
la  Belle,  to  adminifter  the  Sacraments  to  a  Gun- 
ner, who  died  a  few  Days  after.     Monfr:  de  la 

Sale 


into   NORTH     AMERICA.  7 

Sale  went  to  fee  him,  and  I  bore  him  Company.  S^pf-  1684 

The  2 1  ft,  the  Ketch,  which  we  had  before  ^"^''VNJ 
loft  Sight  of,  join'd  us  again ;  and  fome  Com- 
plaints being  made  to  Monfr.  de  la  Sale,  by  fe- 
veral  private  Perfons  that  were  aboard  the  Fly- 
boat,  he  order'd  me  to  go  thither  to  accomo- 
date thofe  Differences,  which  were  occafion'd 
only  by  fome  Jealoufies  among  them. 

The   1 6th,  we  fail'd  by  the  Ifland  Sombrero^  Sombrero 
and  the  i8th  had  hard  blowing  Weather,  which  IJland. 
made  us  apprehenfive  of  a  Hurracan.     The  foul 
Weather  lafted  two  Days,  during  which  Time, 
we  kept  under  a  main  Courfe  and  loft  Sight  of 
the  other  Veflels. 

A  Council  was  call'd  aboard  our  Ship,  the 
Jo/y,  to  confider  whether  we  ftiould  lie  by  for 
the  others,  or  hold  on  our  Courfe,  and  it  was 
refolv'd,  that,  confidering  our  Water  began  to 
fall  ftiort,  and  there  were  above  five  Perfons 
fick  aboard,  of  which  Number  Monfr.  de  la  Sale 
and  the  Surgeon  were,  we  ftiould  make  all  the 
Sail  we  could,  to  reach  the  firft  Port  of  the  I- 
fland  Hifpaniola^  being  that  call'd  Port  de  PaiXy 
or  Port  Peace,  which  Refolution  was  according- 
ly regifter'd. 

The  20th,  we  difcover'd  the  firft  Land  of 
Hifpaniola,  being  Cape  Samana,  lying  in  19  De-  Cupe  Sa- 
grees  of  North  Latitude,  and  of  Longitude  308.  mana. 
The  25th  we  ftiould  have  put  into  Port  de  Paix, 
as  had  been  concerted,  and  it  was  not  only  the 
moft  convenient  Place  for  us  to  get  Refreili- 
ments,  but  alfo  the  Refidence  of  Monfr.  de  Cuf- 
fy,  Governor  of  the  Ifland  Tortuga^  who  knew 
that  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  carried  particular  Or- 
ders for  him  to  furnifti  fuch  Necelfaries  as  he 
ftood  in  Need  of. 

B  4  Not- 


m 


WBK1 


8 

Seft.  1684 

Tortuga 
ifland. 


1 


>  I  I 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

Notwithdanding  thefe  cogent  Reafons,  Mr. 
de  Beaujeu  was  politive  to  pals  further  on  in  the 
Night,  weathering  the  Ifland  Tortuga^  which  is 
fome  Leagues  dillant  from  Port  de  Paix  and  the 
Coaft  of  Hifpaniola.  He  alfo  pafs'd  Cape  St. 
NicolaSy  and  the  26th  of  the  faid  Month,  we  put 
into  the  Bay  of  Jaguana^  coafting  the  Ifland 
Guanaboy  which  is  in  the  Middle  of  that  great 
Bay  or  Gulph,  and  in  Conclufion,  on  the  ayth 
we  arriv'd  at  Petit  Gouavey  having  fpent  58  Days 
in  our  Paflage  from  the  Port  of  Cbef  de  Bois, 
near  Roche/. 

This  Change  of  the  Place  for  cyar  little  Squa- 
dron to  put  into,  for  which  no  Reafon  could  be 
given,  prov'd  very  difadvantageous ;  and  it  will 
hereafter  appear,  as  I  have  before  obferv'd, 
that  thofe  mifunderflanding  among  the  Officers 
infenfibly  drew  on  the  Caufes  from  whence  our 
Misfortune  proceeded. 

As  foon  as  we  had  dropt  Anchor,  a  Piragua, 
or  great  Sort  of  Canoey  came  out  from  the  Place, 
with  Twenty  Men,  to  know  who  we  were,  and 
hail'd  us.  Being  inform'd  that  we  were  Frencby 
they  acquainted  us,  that  Monfieur  de  Cujfy  was 
at  Port  de  Paix  with  the  Marquis  de  St.  Laurent, 
Lieutenant  General  of  the  American  Iflands,  and 
Monfieur  Begon  the  Intendant,  which  very  much 
troubled  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  as  having  Affairs 
of  the  utmoft  Confequence  to  concert  with 
them ;  but  there  was  no  Remedy,  and  he  was 
oblig'd  to  bear  it  with  Patience. 

The  next  Day,  being  the  28th.  we  fang  TV 
Deunty  in  Thankfgiving  for  our  profperous 
Pafl^age.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  being  fomewhat 
recover'd  of  his  Indifpofition,  went  Afliore  with 
feveral  of  the  Gentlemen  of  his  Retinue,  to  buy 

fome 


«f^J 


•  "te 


Into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

fome  Refrefhments  for  the  Sick,  and  to  find 
Means  to  fend  Notice  of  his  Arrival,  to  Mef- 
fieurs  de  St.  Laurent ^  de  Cujfy  and  Begon^  and  fignify 
to  them,  how  much  he  was  concern'd  that  we 
had  not  put  into  Port  de  Paix.  He  writ  particu- 
larly to  Monfieur  de  CuJfy,  to  deiire  he  would 
come  to  him,  if  poifible,  that  he  might  be  af- 
fifting  to  him,  and  take  the  necefTary 
Meafures  for  rendring  his  Enterprize  fuccefsful, 
that  it  might  prove  to  the  King's  Honour  and 
Service. 

In  the  mean  Time,  the  Sick  fuffering  very 
much  Aboard  the  Ships,  by  Reafon  of  the  Heat, 
and  their  being  too  clofe  together,  the  Sol- 
diers were  put  Alhore,  on  a  little  Ifland,  near 
Petit  Gouaves,  which  is  the  ufual  Burial-Place  of 
the  People  of  the  pretended  Reformed  Reli- 
gion, wnere  they  had  freOi  Provisions,  and 
Bread  baked  on  Purpofe,  diftributed  to  them. 
As  for  the  Sick,  I  was  order'd  by  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale,  to  provide  a  Houfe  for  them,  whither 
they  were  carry'd,  with  the  Surgeons,  and  fup- 
ply'd  with  all  that  was  requifite  for  them. 

Some  Days  after,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fell  dan- 
geroufly  ill,  moft  of  his  Family  were  alfo  fick. 
A  violent  Fever,  attended  with  Lightheaded- 
nefs,  brought  him  almoft  to  Extremity.  The 
Pofture  of  his  Affairs,  Want  of  Money,  and  the 
Weight  of  a  mighty  Enterprize,  without  know- 
ing whom  to  trufl  with  the  Execution  of  it, 
made  him  ftill  more  Sick  in  Mind,  than  he  was 
in  his  Body,  and  yet  his  Patience  and  Refolution 
furmounted  all  thofe  Difficulties.  He  pitch'd 
upon  Monfieur  le  Gros  and  me  to  adl  for  him, 
caus'd  fome  Commodities  he  had  Aboard  the 
Ships  to  be  fold,  to  raife  Money ;  and  through 

our 


9 

Oft.  1684. 


;'  '■• 


I  :  ,     I     I 


'<* 


»  . 


I 


K.^l 


li 


T* 


lo  Monfteur  de  la  Sale*/  Second  l^oyage 

Nov.  1684  our  Care,  and  the  excellent  Conftitution  of  his 
^y^'^C'^    Body,  he  recover'd  Health. 

WhiUl  he  was  in  that  Condition,  two  of  our 


^'i 


1 1 

1 


Ships,  which  had  been  feparated  from  us  on  the 
Keich  ta-  jgf[j  oi  September,  by  the  ftormy  Winds,  arriv'd 
/"  ?   /    at  Petit  Gouave  on  tne  2d  of  Otlober.     The  Joy 

Spaniards.  .  ri-A-i' 

conceiv  a  on  Account  or  their  Arrival,  was 
much  allay'd  by  the  News  they  brought  of  the 
Lofs  of  the  Ketch,  taken  by  two  Spanijh  Piraguas  \ 
and  that  Lofs  was  the  more  grievous,  becaufe 
that  Veflel  was  laden  with  Provifions,  Ammu- 
nition, Utenfils  and  proper  Tools  for  the  fetling 
of  our  new  Colonies ;  a  Misfortune  which 
would  not  have  happen'd,  had  Monfieur  de 
Beaujeu  put  into  Port  de  Paix,  and  Mefl'ieurs 
de  St.  Laurent,  de  Cuffy,  and  Begon  who  arrived 
at  the  fame  Time,  to  fee  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
did  not  fpare  to  fignify  as  much  to  him,  and  to 
complain  of  that  Mifcarriage. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  being  recover'd,  had  fe- 
veral  Conferences  with  thefe  Gentlemen,  rela- 
ting to  his  Voyage.  A  Confult  of  Pilots  was 
called  to  refolve  where  we  fhould  to  ich  before 
we  came  upon  the  Coaft  of  Amerv  a,  and  it 
was  refolved  to  (leer  diredlly  for  tht  Western 
Point  of  the  Ifland  of  Cuba,  or  for  Cap^  >x..  An- 
tony, diftant  about  300  Leagues  from  Hif- 
paniola,  there  to  expedl  the  proper  Seafon,  and 
a  fair  Wind  to  enter  the  Gulph  or  Bay,  which 
is  but  Two  hundred  Leagues  over. 

The  next  Care  was  to  lay  in  Store  of  other- 
Provifions,  in  the  Room  of  thofe  which  were 
loft,  and  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  was  the  more  pref- 
fing  for  us  to  imbark,  because  moll  of  his  Men 
deferted,  or  were  debauch'd  by  the  Inhabitants 
of  the  Place  ;    and  the  Veflel  call'd   /'  Aimable, 

being 


I   , 


.  I 


'M 


/«/<?   NORTH    AMERICA. 


IX 


being  the  worft  Sailer  of  our  little  Squadron,  f^"-  1684 

it  was  refolv'd  that  fhould  carry  the  Light,  and  ^*^"V'^^ 

the  others  to  follow  it.    Monfieur  de  la  Sate,  Mon- 

fieur  Cavelier  his  Brother,  the  Fathers  Zenohrius 

and  Anajlaftus,  both  Recolets,  Monfieur  Cbede- 

ville  and  I  imbark'd  on  the  faid  Aimable  and  all 

fail'd  the  25th  of  November. 

We  met  with  fome  Calms,  and  fome  violent 
Winds,  which  neverthelefs  carry'd  us  in  Sight 
of  the  I  (land  of  Cuba,  on  the  30th  of  the  fame 
Month,  and  it  then  bore  from  us  N.  IV.  There 
we  alter'd  our  Courfe  and  (leer'd  fV.  and  by  N. 
The  31ft,  the  Weather  being  fomewhat  clofe, 
we  loft  Sight  of  that  Ifland,  then  ftood  IV.  N.  W. 
and  the  Sky  clearing  up,  made  an  Obfervation 
at  Noon,  and  found  we  were  in  19  Degrees, 
45  Minutes  of  North  Latitude ;  by  which  we 
judg'd  that  the  Currents  had  carry'd  us  off  to 
Sea  from  the  Ifland  of  Cuba. 

On  the    firft  of  December  we  difcover'd  the 
Ifland  Cayman.     The  2d  we  fteer'd  N.  W.  and  by  Cayman 
W.  in  order  to  come  up  with  the  Ifland  of  Cuba  IJland. 
in  the  Northern  Latitude  of  20  Degrees  32  Mi- 
nutes.    The  3d  we  difcover'd  the  little  Ifland  of  ijiand  oj 
Pines,  lying  clofe  to  Cuba.     The  4th,  we  wea-  Pines, 
ther'd  a  Point   of  that   Ifland,  and  the  Wind 
growing  fcant,  were  forc'd  to  ply  upon  a  Bowl- 
ing,   and    make  feveral    Trips    till    the    5th    at 
Night,  when  we    anchor'd   in    a   Creek,  in    15 
Fathom   Water,   and   continued    there    till    the 
8th. 

During  that  fliort  Stay,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
went  Afliore  with  feveral  Gentlemen  of  his  Re- 
tinue on  the  Ifland  o{  Pines,  fhot  an  Alligator 
dead,  and  returning  Aboard,  perceiv'd  he  had 
loft  two  of  his  Voluntiers,  who    had  wander'd 

into 


n 


I 


\   ,1  < 


7 


^i 


I 


\ 


I. 


12  Monjteur  de  la  Sale'j-  Second  Voyage 


Dec,  1684 


■.     j    '. 


Alligator 
eaten. 


WildSuine 


Ifland  of 
Pines. 


into  the  Wc^ds,  and  perhaps  loft  their  Way. 
We  fired  feveral  Mufquet  Shots  to  call  them, 
which  they  did  not  hear,  and  I  was  order'd  to 
exped  them  afhore,  with  30  Mufquetiers  to 
attend  me.  They  return'd  the  next  Morning 
with  much  Trouble. 

In  the  mean  Time,  our  Soldiers,  who  had 
good  Stomachs,  boil'd  and  eat  the  Alligator, 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  kill'd.  The  Flefh  of  it  was 
white  and  had  a  Tafte  of  Musk,  for  which  Rea- 
fon  I  could  not  eat  it.  One  of  our  Hunters 
kill'd  a  wild  Swine,  which  the  Inhabitants  of 
thofe  Iflands  call  Maron.  There  are  of  them 
in  the  Ifland  of  Santo  Domingo^  or  Hifpaniola, 
they  are  of  the  Breed  of  thofe  the  Spaniards  left 
in  the  Iflands  when  they  firll  difcover'd  them, 
and  run  wild  in  the  Woods.  I  fent  it  to  Mon- 
fieur de  la  Sale,  who  prefented  the  one  Half  to 
Monfieur  de  Beaujeu. 

That  Ifland  is  all  over  very  thick  wooded, 
the  Trees  being  of  feveral  Sorts,  and  fome  of 
them  bear  a  Fruit  refembling  the  Acorn,  but 
harder.  There  are  Abundance  of  Parrots,  lar- 
ger than  thofe  at  Petit  Gouave,  a  great  Number 
of  Turtle  Doves  and  other  Birds,  and  a  Sort 
of  Creatures  refembling  a  Rat,  but  as  big  as  a 
Cat,  their  Hair  reddifli.  Our  Men  kill'd  many 
of  them  and  fed  heartily  on  them,  as  they  did 
on  a  good  Quantity  of  Fifli,  wherewith  that 
Coaft  abounds. 

We  imbark'd  again,  as  foon  as  the  two  Men 
who  had  ftray'd  were  return'd,  and  on  the  8th ; 
being  the  Feaft  of  the  Conception  of  the  Blefled 
Virgin,  fail'd  in  the  Morning,  after  having 
heard  Mafs,  and  the  Wind  fliirting  were  forc'd 
to  fteer  feveral  Courfes.     The  9th  we  difcover'd 

Cape 


I 
I 


Into   NORTH     AMERICA. 


13 


Cape  Corrientes,  of  the  Ifland  of  Cuba  \  where  we^  ^^<^-  1684 
were  firft  becalm'd;  and  then  foUow'd  a  ftormy    ^•''^VV^ 
Wind,  which  carried  us  away   five  Leagues  to  jj'^  f-^P" 
the  Eaftward.     The   10th  we  fpent  the  Night,  t^J^^k 
making  feveral    Trips.     The    nth,  the    Wind  Antony, 
coming  abouu,  we  weather'd  Cape  Corrientes,  to 
make  that    of  St.  Antony^  and  at  length,  after 
plying  a   confiderable  Time,  and  founding,  we 
came  to  an  Anchor  the  12th,  upon  good  Ground, 
in  fifteen  Fathom  Water,  in  the  Creek  form'd 
by  that  Cape,  which  is  in  22  Degrees  of  North 
Latitude  and  288  Degrees  35  Minutes  of  Lon- 
gitude. 

We  (lay'd  there  only  till  next  Day,  being  the 
13th,  when  the  Wind  feem'd  to  be  favourable 
to  enter  upon  the  Bay  of  Mexico.  We  made 
ready  and  fail'd,  (leering  N.  W.  and  by  N.  and 
N.  N.  JV.  to  weather  the  faid  Cape  and  profe- 
cute  our  Voyage:  But  by  that  Time  we  were 
five  Leagues  from  the  Place  of  our  Departure, 
we  perceiv'd  the  Wind  fhifted  upon  us,  and  not 
knowing  which  Way  the  Currents  fate,  we 
flood  E.  and  by  N.  and  held  that  Courfe  till 
the  14th,  when  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu,  who  was 
aboard  the  Jo/j,  join'd  us  again,  and  having 
confer'd  with  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  about  the 
Wind's  being  contrary,  propofed  to  him  to  re- 
turn to  Cape  St.  Antony^  to  which  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale  confented,  to  avoid  giving  him  any  Caufe 
to  complain,  tho*  there  was  no  great  Occalion 
for  fo  doing,  and  accordingly  we  went  and  an- 
chor'd  in  the  Place  from  whence  we  came. 

The  next  Day,  being  the  15th,  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale  fent  fome  Men  afliore,  to  try  whether 
we  could  fill  fome  Casks  with  Water.  They 
brought  Word,    they  had    found    fome   in  the 

Wood, 


\f\ 


'1 


\   ■   .... 


i     r 


h. 


i 


\ 


14  Monfteur  de  la  Sal  e'j  Second  Voyage 

Dec.  1684  Wood,  which   was   not  much    amifs,   but  that 

'"^'"^'^    there  was  no  Conveniency  for  rowling  of  the 

Casks;  for  which  Reafon  Rundlets  were  fent, 

and  as  much  Water  brought  in  them,  as  fill'd 

fix  or  feven  of  our  Water  Casks. 

The  fame  Men  reported,  that  they  had  found 

a  glafs  Bottle,  and  in  it  a  little  Wine,  or  fome 

other  Liquor,  almoft  dead.     This  was  all    the 

Provifion  we  found  in  that  Place,  by  which  it 

Mi/take  in  appears,  how  much  Monfieur  "Tonti  was  mifin- 

Monfieur      form'd,  fince   in  his  Book,  Pag.  242,  he  fays, 

Tonti's       ^g  found  in  that  Ifland  feveral  Tun  of  Spanijh 

thhyosuse    ^'"^)  good  Brandy  and  Indian  Wheat,  which 

the  Spaniards  had  left  or  abandon'd;  and  it  is  a 

meer  Invention  without  any  Thing  of  Truth. 

The  1 6th,  the  Weather  being  flill  Calm,  the 
Men  went  afhore  again  for  five  or  fix  more 
Casks  of  Water.  I  was  to  have  gone  with  them, 
had  not  an  Indifpofition,  which  I  firft  felt  in 
the  Ifland  of  Pines,  and  afterwards  turn'd  to  a 
tertian  Ague,  prevented  me.  Therefore  I  can 
give  no  Account  of  that  Ifland,  any  further 
than  what  I  could  fee  from  the  Ships,  which 
was  Abundance  of  that  Sort  of  Palm-Trees,  in 
French  call'd  Latanifrs,  fit  for  nothing  but 
making  of  Brooms,  or  fcarce  any  other  Ufe. 
That  day  we  faw  fome  Smoaks,  far  within  the 
Ifland,  and  guefs'd  they  might  be  a  Signal  of 
the  Number  of  our  Ships,  or  elfe  made  by  fome 
of  the  Country  Hunters,  who  had  loft  their 
Way. 

The  next  Night  preceding  the  17th,  the 
Wind  freflining  from  the  N.  W.  and  ftarting 
up  all  on  a  fudden,  drove  the  Vefl^el  call'd  la 
Belle  upon  her  Anchor,  fo  that  flie  came  foul  of 
the  Boltfprit  of  the  Aimable,  carrying  away  the 

Sprit- 


'    ) 


J. 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 


15 


the 

rting 

d  la 

1  of 

the 

prit- 


Spritfail-Yard   and  the  Spritfail-Top-Sail-Yard,  Dec.  1684 
and  had   not  they  immediately  veer'd  out  the  >^'*^^ 
Cable  of  the  Aimable,  the  Veflel  la  Belle  would 
«  have  been  in  danger  of    perifhing,  but  efcap'd 

with  the  Lofs  of  her  Mizen,  which  came  by  the 
«  Board,  and  of  about   a    hundred    Fathoms  of 

9  Cable  and  an  Anchor. 

The  1 8th,  the  Wind  being  frefh,  we  made 
ready,  and  fail'd  about  Ten  m  the  Morning, 
(landing  North  and  N.  and  by  W.  and  held  our 
Courfe  till  Noon;  the  Point  of  Cape  St.Anthony 
bearing  Eajf  and  JVeJl  with  us,  and  fo  continu'd 
(leering  North-Weft^  till  the  1 9th  at  Noon,  when 
we  found  our  felves  in  the  Latitude  of  11  De- 
grees 58  minutes  Norths  and  in  287  Degrees 
54  Minutes  Longitude. 

Finding  the  Wind  Ihifting  from  one  Side  to 
another,  we  direded  our  Courfe  feveral  Ways, 
but  that  which  prov'd  advantageous  to  us,  was 
the  fair  Weather,  and  that  was  a  great  Help, 
fo  that  fcarce  a  Day  pafs'd  without  taking  an 
Obfervation. 

The  20th,  we  found  the  Variation  of  the  Needle 
was  5  Degrees  fVeJl,  and  we  were  in  26  Degrees 
40  Minutes  of  North  Latitude  and  285  Degrees 
16  Minutes  Longitude.  The  23th  it  grew  very 
cloudy,  which  threaten'd  (lormy  Weather,  and 
we  prepar'd  to  receive  it,  but  came  off  only 
with  the  Apprehenfion,  the  Clouds  difperfmg 
feveral  Ways,  and  we  continu'd  till  the  27th  in 
and  about  28  Degrees  14  Minutes,  and  both 
by  the  Latitude  and  Edimation  it  was  judg'd, 
that  we  were  nut  far  from  Land. 

The  Bark  call'd  la  Belle  was  fent  out  to 
difcover  and  keep  before,  founding  all  the  Way; 
and  half  an  Hour  before  Sun-set,  we  faw  the 

Veffel 


'i    ■ 

I'll  4 


\'^ 


i'M  \ 


v»«;.-i-4 


mF 


mmmmm 


mn 


\ 


^il 


.r' 


i6 


Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  *j-  Second  Voyage 


Dec.  1684  Vefrd  la  Belle  put  out  her  Colours  and  lie  by 
^•^^*^^  for  us.  Being  come  up  with  her,  the  Mafter 
told  us,  he  had  found  an  Owzy  Bottom  at 
thirty  two  Fathom  Water.  At  eight  of  the 
Clock  we  founded  alfo,  and  found  forty  Fa- 
thom, and  at  ten,  but  twenty  five.  About 
Midnight,  la  Belle  founding  again,  found  only 
feventeen,  which  being  a  Demonftration  of  the 
Nearness  of  the  Land,  we  lay  by  for  the  Jolyy 
to  know  what  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  defign'd, 
who  being  come  up,  lay  by  with  us. 

The  27th,  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  fent  the  Che- 
valier d'  Aire,  his  Lieutenant,  and  two  Pilots  to 
Monfieur  ^<?  la  Sale,  to  conclude  upon  the  Courfe 
we  were  to  (leer,  and  it  was  agreed  we  fliould 
(land  Weft  North  Weft  till  we  came  into  fix 
Fathom  Water;  that  then  we  fliould  run  Weft, 
and  when  we  had  difcover'd  the  Land,  Boats 
fliould  be  fent  to  view  the  Country.  Matters 
being  thus  agreed  on,  we  fail'd  again,  founding 
all  the  Way  for  the  more  Security,  and  about 
ten,  were  in  ten  or  eleven  Fathom  Water,  the 
Bottom  fine  greyifti  Sand  and  owzy.  At  Noon, 
were  in  26  Degrees  37  Minutes  of  North  La- 
titude. 

The  28th,  being  in  eight  or  nine  Fathom 
Water,  we  perceiv'd  the  Bark  la  Belle,  which 
kept  a  Head  of  us,  put  out  her  Colours,  which 
was  the  Signal  of  her  having  difcover'd  Some- 
thing. A  Sailor  was  fent  up  to  the  Main-Top, 
who  defcry'd  the  Land,  to  the  N.  E.  not  above 
fix  Leagues  Diftance  from  us,  which  being  told 
to  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu,  he  thought  fit  to  come 
to  an  Anchor. 

There  being  no  Man  among  us  who  had  any 
Knowledge   of  that  Bay,  where  we    had   been 

told 


li> 


:ome 

any 
seen 
told 


into   NORTH     AMERICA 


17 


Currents, 


told  the  Currents  were  flrong,  and  fate  fwiftly  Dec.  1684 
to  the  Eajiwardy  it  made  us  fufped  that  we  ^'^^*^ 
were  fallen  off,  and  that  the  Land  we  faw  muft 
be  the  Bay  of  Apalache^  which  oblig'd  us  on 
the  29th  to  fleer  W.  N.  IV.  dill  keeping  along 
the  Land,  and  it  was  agreed  that  the  Joly  fhould 
follow  us  in  fix  Fathom  Water. 

The  30th,  the  Chevalier  d'  Aire  and  the  fe- 
cond  Pilot  of  the  Joly  came  aboard  us  to  con- 
fer and  adjufl  by  our  Recknings  what  Place 
we  might  be  in,  and  they  all  agreed,  according 
to  Monfieur  de  la  Sale's.  Opinion,  that  the  Cur- 
rents had  fet  us  to  the  EaJJward,  for  which  Rea- 
fon  we  held  on  our  Courfe,  as  we  had  done  the 
Day  before  to  the  N.  W.  keeping  along  the 
Shore  till  the  firft  of  January  1685.  when  we 
perceiv'd  that  the  Currents  forc'd  us  towards 
the  Land,  which  oblig'd  us  to  come  to  an  An- 
chor in  fix  Fathom  Water. 

We  had  not  been  there  long,  before  the  Bark  la 
Belle  made  a  Signal  that  fhe  had  difcover'd 
Land,  which  we  defcry'd  at  about  4  Leagues 
Diftance  from  us.  Notice  was  given  to  Mon- 
fieur de  BeaujeUy  who  drew  near  to  us,  and  it  was 
refolv'd  to  fend  fome  Perfon  to  difcover  and 
take  an  Account  of  the  Land  that  appear'd 
to  us. 

Accordingly  a  Boat  was  man'd,  and  into  it 
went  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  the  Chevalier  de  Aire 
and  feveral  others ;  another  Boat  was  alfo  put 
out,  aboard  which  I  went  with  Ten  or  Twelve 
of  our  Gentlemen,  to  join  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
and  the  Bark  la  Belle  was  order'd  to  follow  al- 
ways keeping  along  the  Shore ;  to  the  End  that 
if  the  Wind  fhou'd  rife,  we  might  get  aboard 
her,  to  lofe  no  Time. 

C  Some 


|,|f  .^ 


^.\      ^ 


ii  . 


1^ 


mimM* 


,    I'f 


'W. 


'*! 


i8 

Jan.  1685 
ding. 


Monfieur 
Joutel  be- 
lieves here 
was  one  of 
the  Mouths 
of  the  Mif- 
fifipi.  See 
the  Pref. 
and  what 
follows. 


Monfieur  Ac  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

Some  of  thofe  who  were  in  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale's  Boat,  and  the  foremoft,  went  afhore  and 
faw  a  fpacious  plain  Country  of  much  Failure 
Ground ;  but  had  not  the  Leifure  to  make  any 
particular  Difcovery,  because  the  Wind  frefti- 
ning,  they  were  oblig'd  to  return  to  their 
Boat,  to  come  aboard  again ;  which  was  the 
Reafon  why  we  did  not  go  quite  up  to  the  Shore, 
but  return'd  with  them  to  our  Ship.  All  that 
could  be  taken  Notice  of  was  a  great  Quantity 
of  Wood  along  the  Coaft.  We  took  an  Ob- 
fervation  and  found  29  Degrees  10  Minutes  of 
North  Latitude. 

The  Second,  there  arofe  a  Fog,  which  made  us 
lofe  Sight  of  the  Jofy,  The  next  Day,  the 
Weather  clearing  up,  we  fir'd  fome  Cannon- 
(liot  and  the  Joly  anfwer'd,  and  towards  the 
Evening  we  perceiv'd  her  to  the  Windward  of 
us.  We  held  on  our  Courfe,  making  feveral 
Trips  till  the  Fourth  in  the  Evening,  when  be- 
ing in  Sight  and  within  two  Leagues  of  the 
Land,  we  came  to  an  Anchor  to  expedl  the  Jo/y, 
for  which  we  were  in  Pain. 

The  Fifth,  we  fet  Sail  and  held  on  our  Courfe 
fV.  S.  W.  keeping  along  the  Shore  till  about  Six 
in  the  Evening,  when  we  flood  away  to  the 
Southward  and  anchor'd  at  Night  in  fix  Fathom 
Water.  The  Sixth,  we  would  have  made  ready 
to  fail,  but  the  Pilot  perceiving,  that  the  Sea 
broke  aflern  of  us,  and  that  there  were  fome 
Shoals,  it  was  thought  proper  to  continue  at 
Anchor,  till  the  Wind  chang'd,  and  we  accor- 
dingly {laid  there  the  Sixth  and  all  the  Seventh. 
The  Eighth  the  Wind  veering  about,  we  flood 
out  a  little  to  Sea,  to  avoid  thofe  Shoals,  which 
are  very  dangerous,  and  anchor'd  again  a  League 

from 


t.f 


I  (lure 


ready 

ne  Sea 

fome 

inue  at 

accor- 

venth. 

aood 

which 

^eague 

from 


into  NORTH    AMERICA.  19 

from  thence.  Upon  Advice,  that  the  Bark  la  7""-  1685 
Belle  had  difcover'd  a  fmall  Ifland,  which  ap-  ^■'""^'^^ 
pear'd  between  the  two  Points  of  a  Bay,  Mon- 
(ieur  de  la  Sale  fent  a  Man  up  to  the  round  Top, 
from  whence  both  the  one  and  the  other  were 
plainly  to  be  feen,  and  according  to  the  Sea 
Charts  we  had  with  us,  that  was  iuppos'd  to  be 
the  Bay  of  the  Holy  Gbojl. 

The  Ninth,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  fent  to  view 
thofe  Shoals.  Thofe  who  went  reported  there 
was  a  fort  of  Bank,  which  runs  along  the  Coafl ; 
that  they  had  been  in  one  Fathom  Water  and 
difcover'd  the  little  Ifland  before-mention'd, 
and  as  for  the  Sand  Bank  there  is  no  fuch 
thing  mark'd  down  in  the  Charts.  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  having  examin'd  the  Recknings,  was 
confirm'd  in  his  Opinion,  that  we  were  in  the 
Bay  of  Apalache,  and  caus'd  us  to  continue  the 
fame  Courfe. 

The  Tenth,  he  took  an  Obfervation  and  found 
29  Degrees  23  Minutes  North  Latitude.  The 
eleventh,  we  were  becalm'd,  and  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale  refolv'd  to  go  afliore,  to  endeavour  to 
difcover  what  he  was  looking  for ;  but  as  we 
were  making  ready,  the  Pilot  began  to  mutter 
becaufe  five  or  fix  of  us  were  going  with  Mon- 
fieur de  la  Sale,  who  too  lightly  alter'd  his  De- 
fign,  to  avoid  giving  Offence  to  brutifh  People. 
In  that  Particular  he  committed  an  irretrieve- 
able  Error;  for  it  is  the  Opinion  of  Judicious 
Men,  who,  as  well  as  I,  faw  the  reft  of  that 
Voyage,  that  the  Mouth  of  one  of  the  Branches 
of  the  Mijfiftpi  River,  and  the  fame  whofe  La- 
titude Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  taken,  when  he 
travell'd    to  it  from  Canada,  was  not  far  from 

C  1  that 


■♦'J 


»i 


\ 


't 


) 


I 


lit ' 

i     i 


-r^ 


20 


Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  *x  Second  Voyage 


i'* 


Jan.  1685  that  Place,  and  that  we  mud  of  NecefTity  be 

^^^^"^i^    near  the  Bay  of  the  Holy  GboJJ. 
Monfieur       It  was  Monfieur  de  la  Sales  Defign  to  find  that 

deU  Sale'j  g^^^^  ^^^  having  found  it,  he  had  refolv'd  to 
'■^  "  ^'  have  fet  afhore  about  thirty  Men,  who  were  to 
have  follow'd  the  Coaft  on  the  Right  and  Left, 
which  would  infallibly  have  difcover'd  to  him 
that  fatal  River,  and  have  prevented  many 
Misfortunes ;  but  Heaven  refus'd  him  that 
Succefs,  and  even  made  him  regardlefs  of  an 
Affair  of  fuch  Consequence,  fince  he  was  fatis- 
fy'd  with  fending  thither  the  Pilot,  with  one 
of  the  Mailers  of  the  Bark  la  Belle,  who  re- 
turn'd  without  having  feen  any  Thing,  becaufe 
a  fog  happen'd  to  rife ;  only  the  Mailer  of 
the  Bark  faid  he  believ'd  there  was  a  River 
oppofite  to  thofe  Shoals,  which  was  very  likely, 
and  yet  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  took  no  Notice  of 
it,  nor  made  any  Account  of  that  Report. 

The  Twelfth,  the  Wind  being  come  about 
we  weigh'd  and  diredled  our  Courfe  S.  W.  to 
get  further  from  the  Land.  By  an  Obferva- 
tion  found  25  Degrees  50  Minutes  North  La- 
titude, and  the  Wind  fiiifting,  and  the  Cur- 
rents, which  fet  from  the  Seaward  driving 
us  aftiore,  it  was  found  convenient  to  anchor 
in  four  or  five  Fathom  Water,  where  we 
fpent  all  the  Night. 

The  Thirteenth,  we  perceiv'd  our  Water 
began  to  fall  fhort,  and  therefore  it  was  requi- 
fite  to  go  afhore  to  fill  fome  Casks.  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  propos'd  it  to  me  to  go  and  fee  it 
perform'd,  which  I  accepted  of,  with  fix  of 
our  Gentlemen  who  ofi^er'd  their  Service.  We 
went  into  the  Boat,  with  our  Arms,  the  Boat 
belonging  to   the   Bark   la  Belle  follow'd  ours, 

with 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

with  five  or  fix  Men,  and  we  all  made  diredlly 
fiar  the  Land. 

We  were  very  near  the  Shoar,  when  we  dif- 
cover'd  a  number  of  naked  Men  marching  a- 
long  the  Banks,  whom  we  fuppos'd  to  be  na- 
tive Savages.  We  drew  within  two  Musket 
Shots  of  the  Land,  and  the  Shore  being  fiat,  the 
Wind  fetting  from  the  Ofling,  and  the  Sea 
running  high,  dropt  our  Anchors,  for  Fear  of 
ftaving  our  Boats. 

When  the  Savages  perceiv'd  we  had  ftopp'd, 
they  made  Signs  to  us  with  Skins,  to  go  to 
them,  fiiew'd  us  their  Bows,  which  they  laid 
down  upon  the  Ground,  and  drew  near  to  the 
Edge  of  the  Shore;  but  becaufe  we  could  not 
get  Afliore,  and  dill  they  continued  their  Sig- 
nals, I  put  my  Handkerchief  on  the  End  of 
my  Firelock,  after  the  Manner  of  a  Flag,  and 
made  Signs  to  them  to  come  to  us.  They 
were  fome  Time  confidering  of  it,  and  at  lall 
fome  of  them  ran  into  the  Water  up  to  their 
Shoulders,  till  perceiving  that  the  Waves  over- 
whelm'd  them,  they  went  out  again,  fetch'd  a 
large  Piece  of  Timber,  which  they  threw  into 
the  Sea,  plac'd  themfelves  along  both  Sides  of 
it,  holding  fad  to  it  with  one  Arm,  and  fwim- 
ing  with  the  other;  and  in  that  Manner  they 
drew  near  to  our  Boat. 

Being  in  Hopes  that  Monfr.  de  la  Sale^  might 
get  fome  Information  from  thofe  Savages,  we 
made  no  Diflftculty  of  taking  them  into  our  Boat, 
one  after  another,  on  each  Side,  to  the  Number 
of  five,  and  then  made  Signs  to  the  reft  to  go 
to  the  other  Boat,  which  they  did,  and  we  car- 
ry'd  them  on  Board. 

C  3  Mon- 


21 

Jan.   1685 


Savttges 
Clime  to  the 
Boat. 


Carryed 
Aboard. 


I*     . 


I  \ 


\ 


ill! 


■  / 


J'      '1 


22 

Jan.   1685 


Re  (urn    A- 

Jbore  with 
Gifts. 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale*/  Second  Voyage 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  was  very  well  pleas'd  to 
fee  them,  imagining  they  might  give  him  fome 
Account  of  the  River  he  fought  after;  but  to  no 
Purpofe,  for  he  fpoke  to  them  in  feveral  of  the 
Languages  of  the  Savages,  which  he  knew,  and 
made  many  Signs  to  them,  but  ftill  they  under- 
ftood  not  what  he  meant,  or  if  they  did  com- 
prehend any  thing,  they  made  Signs,  that  they 
knew  nothing  of  what  he  ask'd;  fo  that  having 
made  them  fmoak  and  eat,  we  iViewed  them 
our  Arms  and  the  Ship,  and  when  they  faw  at 
one  End  of  it  fome  Sheep,  Swine,  Hens  and 
Turkeys,  and  the  Hide  of  a  Cow  we  had  kill'd, 
they  made  Signs  that  they  had  of  all  thofe  Sorts 
of  Creatures  among  them. 

We  gave  them  fome  Knives  and  Strings  of 
Beads,  after  which,  they  were  difmifs'd,  and 
the  Waves  hindring  us  from  coming  too  near 
the  Shore,  they  were  oblig'd  to  leap  into  the 
Water,  after  we  had  made  fad  about  their 
Necks,  or  to  the  Tuft  of  Hair  they  have  on 
the  Top  of  the  Head,  the  Knives  and  other 
fmall  Prefents  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  given 
them. 

They  went  and  join'd  the  others  who  expelled 
them,  and  were  making  Signs  to  us  to  go  to 
them;  but  not  being  able  to  make  the  Shore, 
we  flood  off  again  and  return'd  to  our  Ship. 
It  is  to  be  obferved,  that  when  we  were  carrying 
them  back,  they  made  fome  Signs  to  us,  by 
which  we  conceiv'd  they  would  fignify  to  us 
that  there  was  a  great  River  that  Way  we 
were  pafs'd,  and  that  it  occafion'd  the  Shoals 
we  had  feen. 

The 


.  Ill* 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 


n 


Bullocks. 


The  Wind  changing,  the  fame  Day,  we  Jo"-  1685 
weigh'd  Anchor  and  Hood  to  the  Southward,  ^•''''VNJ 
to  get  into  the  Offing,  till  the  14th  in  the  Morn- 
ing, when  we  were  becalm'd.  At  Noon,  we 
were  in  28  Degrees  51  Minutes  of  North  Lati- 
tude. The  Wind  freihned,  and  in  the  Evening 
we  held  on  our  Courfe,  but  only  for  a  (liort 
Time,  becaufe  the  Wind  fetting  us  towards  the 
Shore,  we  were  obliged  to  anchor  again,  where- 
upon Monfieur  de  la  Sale  again  refolved  to  fend 
Alliore,  and  the  fame  Perions  imbark'd  in  the 
fame  Boats  to  that  efFeft. 

We  met  with  the  fame  Obllacles,  that  had 
hinder'd  us  the  Day  before,  that  is,  the  High- 
Sea,  which  would  not  permit  us  to  come  near  ^"''^^  ^"'^ 
the  Shore,  and  were  obliged  to  drop  Anchor  in 
fourteen  Foot  Water.  The  Sight  of  Abundance 
of  Goats  and  Bullocks,  differing  in  Shape,  from 
ours,  and  running  along  the  Coast,  heighten'd 
our  Earneftnefs  to  be  Afhcre.  We  therefore 
founded  to  fee  whether  we  might  get  to  Land 
by  Stripping,  and  found  we  were  c^  a  Flat, 
which  had  four  Foot  Water,  but  that  beyond 
it  there  was  a  deep  Channel.  Whilll  we  were 
confulting  what  to  do,  a  Storm  arofe,  which 
oblig'd  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  to  fire  a  Gun  for  us 
to  return  Aboard,  which  we  did  againft  our 
Inclination. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  was  pleas'd  with  the  Re- 
port we  made  him,  and  by  it,  feveral  were  en- 
couraged to  go  AITiore  to  hunt,  that  we  might 
have  fome  frelh  Meat.  We  fpent  all  that  Night, 
till  the  next  Morning,  in  Hopes  of  returning 
foon  to  that  Place;  but  the  Wind  changing, 
forc'd  us  to  weigh  and  fail  till  the  Evening, 
when  we  drop'd  Anchor  in  fix  Fathom  Water. 
C  4  The 


i>, 


\K 


;•  \    ! 


I      i! 


•( 


1     I    " 


24  Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

Jan.  1685  The  Land  which  we  never  departed  from  very 
^'''^'^-'  far,  appear'd  to  us  very  pleafant,  and  having 
lain  there  till  the  i6th,  that  Morning  we  faii'd 
fV.  8.  IV .  We  weather'd  a  Point,  keeping  a  large 
Offing,  becaufe  of  the  Sea's  beating  upon  it, 
and  (tood  to  the  Southward.  At  Noon,  we 
were  in  28  Degrees  20  Minutes  of  North  Lati- 
tude, and  coniequently  found  the  Latitude  de- 
clin'd,  by  which  we  were  fenfible,  that  the 
Coaft  tendred  to  the  Southward.  At  Night  we 
anchor'd  in  fix  Fathom  Water. 

The  17th,  the  Wind  continuing  the  fame, 
we  held  on  our  Courfe  S.  W.  and  having 
about  Ten  difcover'd  a  Sort  of  River,  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  caus'd  Ten  of  us  to  go  into  a  Boat, 
to  take  a  View  of  that  Coaft,  and  fee  whether 
there  was  not  fome  Place  to  land.  He  order'd 
me,  in  Cafe  we  found  any  convenient  Place,  to 
give  him  Notice  either  by  Fire  or  Smoke. 

We  fet  out,  and  found  the  Shoals  obdrudled 
our  Defcent.  One  of  our  Men  went  naked  into 
the  Water  to  found  that  Sand  Bank,  which  lay 
between  us  and  the  Land  ;  and  having  (hewn 
us  a  Place  where  we  might  Pafs,  we,  with  much 
Difficulty,  forc'd  our  Boat  into  the  Channel, 
and  fix  or  feven  of  us  landed,  after  ordering  the 
Boat  to  go  up  into  that  which  had  appeared  to 
us  to  be  a  River,  to  fee  whether  any  frefh  Wa- 
ter could  be  found. 

As  foon  as  we  were  landed,  I  made  a  Smoke 
to  give  Notice  to  Monfieur  de  la  Sale^  and  then 
wf?  advanc'd  both  Ways,  without  ftragling  too 
tar,  that  we  might  be  ready  to  receive  Monfr. 
de  la  Sale^  who  was  to  come,  as  he  did,  foon 
after,  but  finding  the  Surges  run  high,  he  re- 

turn'd 


Second 
landing. 


r  -i 


f^'fi 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


«5 


turn'd,  and    our  Boat   finding    no  frelh  Water,   7""-  1685 
came  back  and  anchor'd  to  wait  for  us.  ^-•^W) 

We  walked  about  every  Way,  and  found  a 
dry  Soil,  tho'  it  feein'd  to  be  overflow'd  at  fome 
Times;  great  Lakes  of  fait  Water,  little  Grafs, 
the  Track  of  Goats,  on  the  Sand,  and  faw  Herds 
of  them,  but  could  not  come  near  them,  how- 
ever we  kill'd  fome  Ducks  and  Buftards.  In  the 
Evening,  as  we  were  returning,  we  mifs'd  an 
Englifh  Seaman,  fir'd  feveral  Snot  to  give  him 
Notice,  fearched  all  about,  waited  till  after 
Sunfet,  and  at  laft  hearing  no  Tidings  of  him, 
we  went  into  the  Boat  to  return  Aboard. 

I  gave  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  an  Account  of 
what  we  had  feen,  which  would  have  pleas'd 
him,  had  the  River  we  difcover'd,  afforded  frefh 
Water:  He  was  alfo  uneafy  for  the  loft  Man; 
but  about  Midnight  we  faw  a  Fire  Afhore,  in 
the  Place  we  came  from,  which  we  fupos'd  to 
be  made  by  our  Man,  and  the  Boat  went  for  him 
as  foon  as  it  was  day  on  the  iSth. 

After  that,  we  made  feveral  Trips,  ftill 
fteering  towards  the  S.  W.  and  then  enfued  a 
Calm,  which  oblig'd  us  to  come  to  an  Anchor. 
Want  of  Water  made  us  think  of  returning 
towards  the  River,  where  we  had  been  the  Day 
before.  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  refolved  to  fet  a 
confiderable  Number  of  Men  Afhore,  with  fuf- 
ficient  Ammunition,  and  to  go  with  them  him- 
felf,  to  difcover  and  take  Cognizance  of  that 
Country,  and  order'd  me  to  follow  him.  Ac- 
cordingly we  fail'd  back,  and  came  to  an  An- 
chor in  the  fame  Place. 

All  things  necefTary  for  that  End  being  or- 
der'd on  the  19th,  Part  of  the  Men  were  put 
into  a  Boat;   but  a  very  thick  Fog  rifing,  and 

taking 


.» 


}i 


I .  ,  1 


m 


\\ 


V 


IT 
,'1 


\ 


<    i 


■I 


26 


Mjifieur  de  la  Sale'j-  Second  Voyage 


Jan.  1685  taking  away  the  Sight  of  Land,  the  Compafs 
^"^^^^^  was  made  ufe  of,  and  the  fog  difperfing  as  we 
drew  near  the  Land,  we  perceiv'd  a  Ship  mak- 
ing diredly  towards  us,  and  that  it  was  the 
Joly^  where  Monfr.,  de  Beaujeu  commanded, 
which  reioic'd  us,  but  our  Satisfadion  was  not 
lafting,  and  it  will  appear  by  the  Sequel,  that 
it  were  to  have  been  wifhed,  that  Monfieur  de 
Beaujeu  had  not  joyn'd  us  again,  but  that  he  had 
rather  gone  away  for  France y  without  ever  fee- 
ing of  us. 

His  Arrival  difconcerted  the  Execution  of 
our  Enterprize.  Monfr.  de  la  Sa/e,  who  was 
already  on  his  Way,  and  thofe  who  were  gone 
before  him,  return'd  Aboard,  and  fome  Hours 
after,  Monfr.  de  Beaujeu  fent  his  Lieutenant, 
Monfr.  ae  Ai*-:.,  attended  by  feveral  Perfons,  as 
well  Clergymen  as  others,  among  whom  was 
the  Sieur  Gabaret,  fecond  Pilot  of  the  Joly. 

Monfieur  d' Aire  complain'd  grievouHy  to 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  in  the  Name  of  Monfr.  de 
Beaujeu^  for  that  faid  he,  we  had  left  him  defign- 
edly;  which  was  not  true,  for  as  I  have  faid, 
the  Joly  lay  at  Anchor  A-head  of  us,  when  we 
were  feparated  from  her;  we  fired  a  Gun  to  give 
her  Notice  of  our  [departure,  as  had  been  con- 
cert i,  and  Monfr.  de  Beaujeu  anfwer'd  it;  be- 
Hdes  that,  if  we  had  intended  to  feparate  from 
him,  we  Ihould  not  have  always  held  our  Courfe 
in  Sight  of  Land,  as  we  had  done,  and  that  had 
Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  held  the  fame  Courfe, 
as  had  been  agreed,  he  had  not  been  feparated 
from  us. 

There  were  afterwards  feveral  Difputes  be- 
tween the  Captains  and  the  Pilots,  as  well 
Aboard  Monfieur  d'^ /a  Sale^  as  Aboard  Monfieur 

de 


Command- 
ers at    Va- 
riance. 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

de  BeauJeUy  when  thofe  Gentlemen  return'd,  a- 
bout  fettling  exaftly  the  Place  we  were  in,  and 
the  Courfe  we  were  to  (leer;  fome  pofitively 
affirming  we  were  farther  than  we  imagin'd,  and 
that  the  Currents  had  carry'd  us  away;  and 
others,  that  we  were  near  the  Magdalen  Ri- 
ver. 

The  former  of  thofe  Notions  prevail'd, 
whence,  upon  Refledion,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
concluded,  that  he  muft  be  pad  his  River, 
which  was  but  too  true;  for  that  River  empty- 
ing it  felf  in  the  Sea  by  two  Channels,  it  fol- 
low'd  that  one  of  the  Mouths  fell  about  the 
Shoals  we  had  obferv'd  the  fixth  of  the  Month; 
and  the  rathe;  becaufe  thofe  Shoals  were  very 
near  the  Latitude  that  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had 
obferv'd,  v.'hen  he  came  by  the  way  of  Cana- 
da to  difcover  che  Mouth  of  that  River,  iis  he 
told  me  feveral  Times. 

This  Confideration  prevail'd  with  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  to  propofe  his  Delign  of  returning  to- 
wards thofe  Shoals.  He  gave  his  Reafons  for 
fo  doing  and  expofed  his  Doubts;  but  his  ill 
Fortune  made  him  not  be  regarded.  Our  Paf- 
fage  had  taken  up  more  Time  than  had  been  ex- 
peded,  by  Reafon  of  the  Calms;  there  was  a 
confiderable  Number  of  Men  aboard  the  Joly, 
and  Provifions  grew  fhort,  infomuch  that  they 
faid  it  would  not  hold  out  to  return,  if  our  De- 
parture were  delay'd.  For  this  Reafon  Mon- 
fieur de  Beaujeu  demanded  Provifions  of  Mon- 
fieur de  la  Sale;  but  he  asking  enough  for  a  long 
Time,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  anfwer'd,  he  could 
only  give  him  enough  for  a  Fortnight,  which 
was  more  Time  than  was  requifite  to  reach  the 
Place  he  intended  to  return  to;  and  that  befides 

he 


27 

Jan.  1685 


They  pafs 
the  Mouth 
of  the  Mif- 
fifipi. 


Jl 


*     ( 


Third 
Landing 


)  i 


28  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

Jan.  1685  he  could  not  give  him  more  Provifions,  without 
^"^•^  rummaging  all  the  Stores  to  the  Bottom  of  the 
Hold,  which  would  endanger  his  being  cad 
away.  Thus  nothing  was  concluded,  and  Mon- 
fieur de  Beaujeu  return'd  to  his  own  Ship. 

In  the  mean  Time,  Want  of  Water  began  to 
pinch  us,  and  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  refolv'd  to 
fend  to  look,  for  fome  about  the  next  River.  Ac- 
cordingly he  order'd  the  two  Boats  that  had 
been  made  ready  the  Day  before,  to  go  off.  He 
was  aboard  one  of  them  himfelf,  and  diredled 
me  to  follow  him.  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  alfo 
commanded  his  Boat  to  go  for  Wood.  By  the 
Way  we  met  the  faid  Sieur  de  Beaujeu  in  his 
Yaul,  returning  from  Land,  with  the  Sieur 
Minet,  an  Ineenier,  who  told  us,  they  had  Seen 
in  a  Sort  of  fait  Pool,  two  or  three  Leagues 
from  the  Place  where  the  Ships  were  at  Anchor, 
we  held  on  our  Way  and  landed. 

One  of  our  Boats,  which  was  gone  ahead  of 
us,  had  been  a  League  and  a  half  up  tHe  River, 
without  finding  any  frefli  Water  in  its  Channel ; 
but  fome  Men  wandering  about  to  the  right 
and  left,  had  met  with  divers  Rivulets  of  very 
good  Water,  wherewith  many  Casks  were 
fill'd. 

We  lay  afiiore,  and  our  Hunters  having  that 
Day  kill'd  good  Store  of  Ducks,  Buftards  and 
Teal,  and  the  next  Day  two  Goats,  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  fent  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  Part.  We 
feafied  upon  the  reft,  and  that  good  Sport 
put  feveral  Gentlemen  that  were  then  aboard 
Monfieur  de  Beaujeu,  among  whom  were  Mon- 
fieur du  Hamel,  the  Enfign  and  the  King's  Clerk, 
upon  coming  afiiore  to  partake  of  the  Diverfi- 
on;  but  they  took  much  Pains  and  were  not 
fuccefsfull  in  their  Sport.  In 


/«/o   NORTH     AMERICA. 


29 


In  the  mean  Time  many  Casks  were  fill'd  J""-  1685 
with  Water,  as  well  for  our  Ship  as  for  Mon-  ^■''^'^ 
fieur  de  Beaujeus.  Seme  Days  after  Monfieur 
d'  Aire  the  Lieutenant,  came  afhore  to  confer 
with  Monfieur  de  la  Sale^  and  to  know  how  he 
would  manage  about  the  Provifions ;  but  both 
of  them  perfifting  in  their  firfl:  Propofals  and 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  perceiving  that  Monfieur  de 
Beaujeu  would  not  be  fatisfied  with  Provifions 
for  15  Days,  which  he  thought  fufficient  to  go 
to  the  Place  where  he  expedied  to  find  one  of 
the  Branches  of  the  MiJJiJipiy  which  he  with 
good  Reafon  believ'd  to  be  about  the  Shoals,  I 
have  before  fpoken  of,  nothing  was  concluded 
as  to  that  Affair.  Monfieur  d'  Aire  return'd  to 
his  Captain,  and  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  refolv'd  to 
land  his  Men ;  which  could  not  be  done  for 
fome  Days,  becaufe  of  the  foul  Weather ;  but 
in  the  mean  Time  we  kill'd  much  Game. 

During  this  little  Interval,  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale  being  impatient  to  get  fome  Intelligence  of 
what  he  fought  after,  refolv'd  to  go  himfelf  up- 
on Difcovery,  and  to  feek  out  fome  more  ufeful 
and  commodious  River  than  that  where  they 
were.  To  this  Purpofe  he  took  five  or  fix  of 
us  along  with  him.  We  fet  out  one  Morning 
in  fo  thick  a  Fog,  that  the  hindmoft  could  not 
perceive  the  Track  of  the  foremoft,  fo  that  we 
loft  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  for  fome  Time. 

We  travel'd  till  about  three  in  the  Afternoon, 
finding  the  Country  for  the  mod  Part  Sandy,  ^(<:ount  of 
little  Grafs,  no  frefii  Water,  unlefs  in  fome  the  Country 
Sloughs,  the  Track  of  abundance  of  wild  Goats, 
Lakes  full  of  Ducks,  Teals,  Water-Hens,  and 
having  taken  much  Pains  return'd  without  Suc- 
cefs. 

The 


^ 


;\ 


\ 


.  i^!l| 


30 

Jan.  1685 


,^*; ', 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

The  next  Morning,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale's  In- 
dian^ going  about  to  find  wild  Goats,  came  to 
a  Lake,  which  had  a  little  Ice  upon  it,  the 
Weather  being  cold,  and  Abundance  of  Fifh  dy- 
ing about  the  Edges  of  it.  He  came  to  inform 
us,  we  went  to  make  our  Provifion  of  them,  there 
were  fome  of  a  prodigious  Magnitude,  and  a- 
mong  the  reft  extraordinary  large  Trouts,  or 
elfe  they  were  fome  Sort  of  Fifti  very  like  them. 
We  caufed  fome  of  each  of  a  Sort  to  be  boil'd  in 
fait  Water,  and  found  them  very  good.  Thus 
having  Plenty  of  Filli  and  Flefh,  we  began  to 
ufe  ourfelves  to  eat  them  both,  without  Bread. 

Whilft  we  liv'd  thus  eafy  enough,  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  expe<5led  with  Impatience  to  know 
what  Refolution  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  would 
take ;  that  he  might  either  go  to  the  Place, 
where  he  expedled  to  find  the  Mijfijtpi^  or  follow 
fome  other  Courfe  ;  but  at  laft,  perceiving  that 
his  Affairs  did  not  advance,  he  refolv'd  to  put 
his  own  Defign  in  Execution,  the  Purport  where- 
of was  to  land  one  hundred  and  twenty,  or 
one  hundred  and  thirty  Men  to  go  along  the 
Coaft  and  continue  it,  till  they  had  found  fome 
other  River,  and  that  at  the  fame  Time  the  Bark 
la  Belle  fiiould  hold  the  fame  Courfe  at  Sea,  (till 
keeping  along  the  Coaft,  to  relieve  thofe  Afliore 
in  Time  of  Need. 

He  gave  me  and  Monfieur  Morangety  his 
Nephew,  the  Command  of  that  fmall  Compa- 
ny, he  furnifii'd  us  with  all  Sorts  of  Provifions 
for  eight,  or  ten  Days,  as  alfo  Arms,  Tools  and 
Utenfils  we  might  have  Occafion  for,  of  which 
every  Man  made  his  Bundle.  He  alfo  gave  us 
written  Inftrudions  of  what  we  were  to  do,  the 

Signals 


ill' 


into    NORTH     AMERICA 


31 


Signals  we  were  to  make;  and  thus  we  fet  out  Feb.  1685 
the  Fourth  of  February.  v^'^VX^ 


on 


We  took  our  Way  along   the   Shore.     Our 
firft  Day's  Journey  \ 


not  k 


,  we  encamp 
on  a  little  riimg  urouna,  Heard  a  Cannon  (he 
which  made  us  uneafy,  made  the  Signals   that  ^'^f 
had  been  appointed,  and  the  next  Day,  being 
the  5th,  we  held  on  our  March,  Monfieur  Mo- 
rangel  bringing  up  the  Rear,  and  I  leading  the 
Van. 

I  will  not  fpend  Time  in  relating  feveral  per- 
fonal  Accidents,  inconfiderable  in  themfelves, 
or  of  no  Confequence,  the  mod  confiderable  of 
them  being  the  Want  of  frefh  Water;  but 
will  proceed  to  fay,  that  after  three  Days 
March  we  found  a  great  River,  where  we  halt- 
ed and  made  the  Signals  agreed  on,  encamping 
on  a  commodious  Spot  of  Ground  till  we  could 
hear  of  the  Boat,  which  was  to  follow  us,  or  of 
our  Ships. 

But  our  Provillons  beginning  to  fall  fhort, 
and  none  of  our  Ships  appearing,  being  befides 
apprehenfive  of  fome  unlucky  Accident  oc- 
cafion'd  by  the  Difagreement  between  Mon- 
fieur de  la  Sale  and  Monfr.  de  Beaujeu,  the  Chief 
of  our  Company  came  together  to  know  what 
Refolution  we  fliould  take.  It  was  agreed,  that 
we  fhould  fpare  our  Provifions  to  endeavour  to 
go  on  to  fome  Place  where  we  might  find  Bul- 
locks ;  but  it  was  requifite  to  crofs  the  River, 
and  we  knew  not  how,  becaufe  we  were  too 
many  of  us,  and  therefore  it  was  decreed  to 
fet  fome  Carpenters  there  were  among  us  at 
Work  to  build  a  little  Boat,  which  took  them 
up  the  eleventh  and  twelfth  of  February. 

The 


Men  fen  t 


Land 
ciifco- 


1 


\n 


r)    ''' 
7 


it'  \  ■' ' 

1 

"^ 

1  ^ 

■   1 

I  .'1      ' 


IT 


Kcwwi^ 


mm 


■. ^i 


I 


^1; 


If 


i'  ^jPj 


r^r 


3  2  Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  V  Second  Voyage 

Feb.  1685  The  13th,  we  were  put  out  of  our  Pain  by 
^■'^'^^  two  VefTels  we  difcover'd  it  Sea,  which  we 
knew  to  be  the  Joly  and  la  Bellcy  to  whom  we 
made  our  Signals  with  Smoke.  They  came  not 
in  then,  becaufe  it  was  late,  but  the  next  Day 
being  the  14th  in  the  Morning,  the  Boat,  with 
the  Sieur  Barbier  and  the  Pilot  of  the  Bark  la 
Belle  come  up,  and  both  founded  the  Mouth  of 
the  River. 

They  found  on  the  Bar,  from  ten  to  twelve 
Foot  Water,  and  within  it  from  five  to  fix 
^/"^  ^'-  Fathom  ;  the  Breadth  of  the  River  being  about 
half  a  Quarter  of  a  League.  They  founded 
near  the  Ifland,  which  lies  between  the  two 
Points  of  the  Bay,  and  found  the  fame  Depth. 
The  Boat  of  the  ^'^^6'  came  and  founded  on  the 
other  Side  of  the  Channel,  and  particularly  a- 
long  the  Shoals,  I  know  not  to  what  Purpofe. 
The  fame  Day,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale^  for  whom 
we  were  much  in  Pain,  came  alfo,  and  as  foon 
as  he  arrived,  he  caus'd  the  Boat  to  be  laden 
with  fuch  Provifions  as  we  flood  in  Need  of, 
but  the  Wind  being  contrary,  it  could  not 
come  to  us  till  the  next  Day,  being  the  15th. 

That  fame  Day,  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  came  Afhoar 
to  view  the  Place  and  examine  the  Entrance 
into  the  River,  which  he  found  to  be  very 
good.  Having  confider'd  all  Particulars,  he  re- 
folv'd  to  fend  in  the  Bark  la  Belle  and  T  Aimable^ 
that  they  might  be  under  Shelter,  to  which 
Purpofe,  he  order'd  to  found,  and  to  know  whe- 
ther thofe  two  VefTels  could  both  come  in  that 
fame  Day.  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  caus'd  alfo  the 
Place  to  be  founded,  and  lav  Afhoar  on  the  o- 
ther  Side  of  the  River,  where  he  took  Notice 
there  were  Vines  which  run  up  the  Trees,  like 

our 


2  J  '■ 


MA.    SkitklkL^  t 


vjj.'wvvmvKXfKi^Koamami^i 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


33 


% 
V 


our  Wall  Vines,  fome  Woods  and  the  Carcafles  Feb.  1685 
of  Bullocks,  which  he  fuppofed  to  have  died  ^"^'""^^"^ 
with  Third. 

The  1 6th,  the  Pilots  of  the  Joly,  V  Aim  able 
and  la  Belle,  went  again  to  found,  they  found 
the  Entrance  eafy,  and  gave  it  under  their 
Hands.  The  17th,  they  fix'd  Stakes  to  mark 
out  the  Way,  that  the  VefTels  might  come  fafe 
in.  All  Things  feem'd  to  promife  a  happy 
Event. 

The  1 8th,  the  Chevalier  ^'yf/'r*?  came  afl\ore, 
to  confer  with  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  who  being 
defirous  to  have  the  Fly-boat  V Aimable  come  in 
that  Day,  order'd  the  mofl  weighty  Things  in 
her  to  be  unloaded,  as  the  Cannon,  the  Iron 
and  fome  other  Things.  It  was  my  good  Fortune 
that  my  Chert  flood  in  the  Way,  and  was  alfo 
unloaded,  but  that  Unlading  could  not  be  done 
till  the  next  Day,  being  the  19th.  That  being 
perform'd,  the  Captain  affirm'd  it  would  go  in 
at  8  Foot  Water. 

The  20th,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fent  Orders  to 
that  Captain  to  draw  near  the  Bar,  and  to 
come  in  at  high  Water,  of  which  a  Signal  fhould 
be  given  him ;  he  alfo  order'd  the  Pilot  of  the 
Bark  la  Belle  to  go  aboard  the  Flyboat,  to  be 
afTifting  when  it  came  in.  The  Captain  would 
not  receive  him  aboard,  faying,  he  could  carry 
in  his  Ship  without  his  Help.  All  thefe  Pre- 
cautions prov'd  of  no  Ufe;  yion^xzxxx  de  la  Sale 
could  not  avert  his  ill  Fate.  He  having  taken 
Notice  of  a  large  Tree  on  the  Bank  of  the  Ri- 
ver, which  he  judg'd  fit  to  make  a  Canoe,  fent 
7  or  8  Workmen  to  hew  it  down,  two  of  whom 
return'd  fome  Time  after,  in  a  great  Fright, 
and  told  him,  they  had  narrowly  efcap'd  being 

D  taken 


ii' 


t   f 


lif 


■li 


34 

F^/^.  1685 

J  Company 
ofSnvages. 


Their 

Friendly 

Behaviour. 


Monjieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

taken  by  a  Company  of  Savages,  and  that  they 
believ'd  the  others  had  fallen  into  their  Hands. 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  order'd  us  immediately  to 
handle  our  Arms,  and  to  march  with  Drums 
beating  towards  the  Savages,  who  feeing  us  in 
that  Pofture,  fac'd  about  and  went  off. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  being  defirous  to  join  thofe 
Savages,  to  endeavour  to  get  fome  Information 
from  them,  order'd  Ten  of  us  to  lay  down  our 
Arms  and  draw  near  them,  making  Signs  to 
them,  at  the  fame  Time,  to  come  to  us.  When 
they  faw  us  in  that  Poftureand  unarm'd,  moft 
of  them  alfo  laid  down  their  Bows  and  Arrows 
and  came  to  meet  us,  carrelTing  us  after  their 
Manner,  and  ftroaking  firft  their  own  Breafts 
and  then  ours,  then  their  own  Arms  and  after- 
wards ours.  By  thefe  Signs  they  gave  us  to  un- 
derftand  that  they  had  a  Friendfhip  for  us, 
which  they  exprefs'd  by  laying  their  Hands 
on  their  Hearts,  and  we  did  the  fame  on  our 
Part. 

Six  or  feven  of  thofe  Savages  went  along  with 
us,  and  the  reft  kept  three  of  our  Men,  in  the 
Nature  of  Hoftages.  Thofe  who  went  with  us 
were  made  much  of,  but  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
could  learn  nothing  of  them,  either  by  Signs  or 
otherwife;  all  they  could  make  us  underftand 
was,  that  there  was  good  hunting  of  Bullocks 
in  the  Country.  We  obferv'd,  that  their  Tea 
confided  in  a  Cry,  fetch'd  from  the  Bottom  of 
the  Throat,  not  unlike  the  Call  of  a  Hen  to 
gather  her  Chickens.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  gave 
them  fome  Knives,  Hatchets  and  other  Trifles, 
with  which  they  feem'd  well  pleafed,  and  went 
away. 

Monfieur 


'ifiiki 


nth 

the 
n  us 
Sale 
s  or 

and 
ocks 

Tea 
|)m  of 
n  to 
gave 
rifles, 
went 

ifieur 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  was  glad  to  be  rid  of 
thofe  People,  becaufe  he  was  willing  to  be  pre- 
fent  when  the  Flyboat  came  in;  but  his  ill  Fate 
would  not  permit  it.  He  thought  fit  to  go  him- 
felf  along  with  thofe  Savages,  and  we  foUow'd 
him,  thinking  to  have  found  our  Men  in  the 
fame  Place  where  we  left  them ;  but  perceiv'd  on 
the  Contrary,  that  the  Savages  had  carried 
them  away  to  their  Camp,  which  was  a  League 
and  half  from  us,  and  Monfieur  de  la  Sablonniere^ 
Lieutenant  of  Foot,  being  one  of  thofe  the  Sa- 
vages had  taken  with  them,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
resolved  to  go  himfelf  to  fetch  him  away,  an 
unhappy  Thought  which  cofl  him  dear. 

As  we  were  on  our  Way  towards  the  Camp 
of  the  Savages,  happenning  to  look  towards  the 
Sea,  we  faw  the  Flyboat  V Aimable  under  Sail, 
which  the  Savages  who  were  with  us  admir'd, 
and  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  obferving  it  narrowly, 
told  us,  thofe  People  fleer'd  wrong,  and  were 
ftanding  towards  the  Shoals,  which  made  him 
very  uneafy,  but  dill  we  advanc'd.  We  arriv'd 
at  the  Camp  of  the  Savages,  which  flood  upon 
an  Eminence,  and  confided  of  about  Fifty  Cot- 
tages  made  of  rufh  Mats,  and  others  of  dry'd 
Skins,  and  built  with  long  Poles,  bow'd  round 
at  the  Top,  like  great  Ovens,  and  mod  of  the 
Savages  fitting  about,  as  if  they  were  upon  the 
Watch. 

We  were  dill  advancing  into  the  Village, 
when  he  heard  a  Cannon  Shot,  the  Noife 
whereof  druck  fuch  a  Dread  among  the  Savages, 
that  they  all  fell  flat  upon  the  Ground;  but 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  and  we  were  too  fenfible  it 
was  a  Signal  that  our  Ship  was  aground,  which 
was  confirm'd  by  feeing  them   furl   their  Sails; 

D  2  however 


35 

Feb.   1685 


Their 
Camp. 


't    > 


^  If; 

w 


I  • 


^1 


1 


ti 


!     ,(' 


36  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 'j  Second  Voyage 


1    i 


Fei.i6Sii 


( 


1    '  '• 


Tbeir  En- 
tertain- 
ment. 


L'  Aima- 
ble  caji  a- 
way. 


However  we  were  gone  too  far  to  return;  our 
Men  muft  be  had,  and  to  that  Purpofe,  we  muft 
proceed  to  the  Hut  of  the  Commander  in 
Chief. 

As  foon  as  we  arrived  there,  Monfr.  de  la 
Sale  was  introduc'd;  many  of  the  Indian  Wo- 
men came  in,  they  were  very  deform'd  and 
all  naked,  excepting  a  Skin  girt  about  them, 
which  hung  down  to  their  Knees.  They  would 
have  led  us  to  their  Cottages,  but  Monfr.  de  la 
Sale  had  order'd  us  not  to  part,  and  to  obferve 
whether  the  Indians  did  not  draw  together,  fo 
that  we  kept  together,  (landing  upon  our  Guard, 
and  I  was  always  with  him. 

They  brought  us  fome  Pieces  of  Beef,  both 
frefh  and  dry'd  in  the  Air  and  Smoke,  and 
Pieces  of  Porpois,  which  they  cut  with  a  Sort 
of  Knife,  made  of  Stone,  fetting  one  Foot  upon 
it,  and  holding  with  one  Hand,  whilft  they  cut 
with  the  other.  We  faw  nothing  of  Iron  a- 
mong  them.  They  had  given  our  Men,  that 
came  with  them,  to  eat,  and  Monfr.  de  la  Sale 
being  extraordinary  uneafy,  we  foon  took  Leave 
of  them  to  return.  At  our  going  out,  we  ob- 
ferv'd  about  forty  Canoes,  fome  of  them  like 
thofe  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  had  feen  on  the  Mifjiftpiy 
which  made  him  conclude  he  was  not  far  from 
it. 

We  foon  arrived  at  our  Camp,  and  found 
the  Misfortune,  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  had  appre- 
hended, was  but  too  certain.  The  Ship  was 
(Iranded  on  the  Shoals.  The  ill  Management 
of  the  Captain,  or  of  the  Pilot,  who  had  not 
(leer'd  ''  the  Stakes  placed  for  that  Purpofe ; 
the  Crie  of  a  Sailor  ported  on  the  Main-top, 
who   cry'd   amain,    Loofy   which    was    to    (leer 

towards 


*  '  *      i 


into    NORTH     AMERICA.  37 

towards  the  Paflajje  marked  out,  whilft  the  ^'^1685 
wicked  Captain  cry'd,  Come  no  nearer^  which  was  ^^^t^ 
to  (leer  the  contrary  Courfe;  the  fame  Captain's 
Carelefnefs  in  not  dropping  his  Anchor,  as  foon 
as  the  Ship  touch'd,  which  would  have  pre- 
vented her  flicking  aground;  the  Folly  of  low- 
ering his  Main-Sheet  and  hoilling  out  his  Sprit- 
Sail,  the  better  to  fall  into  the  Wind,  and  fe- 
cure  the  Shipwreck;  the  Captain's  refufmg  ♦■o 
admit  the  Pilot  of  the  Bark  la  Bellcy  whom  Mon- 
fieur  de  la  Sale  had  fent  to  affill  him;  the  found- 
ing upon  the  Shoals  to  no  Purpofe,  and  feve- 
ral  other  Circumftances  reported  by  the  Ship's 
Crew  and  thofe  who  faw  the  Management, 
v.ere  infallible  Tokens  and  Proofs,  that  the 
Mifchief  had  been  done  defignedly  and  advife- 
ably,  which  was  one  of  the  blacked  and  mod 
deteftable  Adiions  that  Man  could  be  guilty 
of. 

This  Misfortune  was  fo  much  the  greater, 
becaufe  that  Veflel  contain'd  almoft  all  the  Am- 
munition, Utenfils,  Tools  and  other  NecefTaries 
for  Monfr.  de  la  Sale's  Enterprize  and  Settle- 
ment. He  had  need  of  all  his  Refolution  to 
bear  up  againfl  it;  but  his  Intrepidity  did  not 
forfake  him,  and  he  apply'd  himfelf,  without 
grieving,  to  Remedy  what  might  be.  All  the 
Men  were  taken  out  of  the  Ship;  he  defir'd 
Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  to  lend  him  his  long  Boat, 
to  help  fave  as  much  as  might  be.  We  be- 
gan with  Powder  and  Meal.  About  thirty  Hog- 
Iheads  of  Wine  and  Brandy  were  faved,  and 
Fortune  being  incens'd  againll  us,  two  Things 
contributed  to  the  total  Lofs  of  all  the  reil: 


D  3 


The 


m 

If 


\iu 


7T 


mtrnm 


^^mm 


'•ii 


38 


Fei.  1685 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j-  Second  Voyage 

The  firft  was,  that  our  Boat,  which  hung  at 
the  Stern  of  the  Ship  run  A-ground,  was  mali- 
cioufly  ftav'd  in  the  Night,  fo  that  we  had  none 
left  but  Monfieur  de  Beaujeus.  The  fecond, 
that  the  Wind  blowing  in  from  the  Offing, 
made  the  Waves  run  high,  which  heating  vio- 
lently againd  the  Ship,  fplit  her,  and  all  the 
light  Goods  were  carry'd  out  at  the  opening, 
by  the  Water.  This  lall  Misfortune  hanpen'd 
alfo  in  the  Night.  Thus  every  Thing  rell  out 
moll  unhappily,  for  had  that  befallen  in  the 
Day,  Abundance  of  Things  might  have  been 
faved. 

Whilft  we  were  upon  this  melancholly  Em- 
ployment, about  an  hundred,  or  an  hundred  and 
twenty  of  the  Natives  came  to  our  Camp,  with 
their  Bows  and  Arrows.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
order'd  us  to  handle  our  Arms,  and  Hand  upon 
our  Guard.  About  twenty  of  thole  Indians 
mix'd  themfelves  among  us,  to  obierve  what  we 
had  faved  of  the  Shipwreck,  upon  which,  there 
were  feveral  Sentinels,  to  let  none  come  near 
the  Powder. 

The  reft  of  the  Indians  rtood  in  Parcels,  or 
Pelotons.  Monfr.  de  la  Sale,  who  was  acquaint- 
ed with  their  Ways,  order'd  us  to  obferve  their 
Behaviour,  and  10  take  Nothing  from  them, 
which  neverthelefs  did  not  hinder  fome  of  our 
Men  from  receiving  fome  Pieces  of  Meat.  Some 
Time  after,  when  the  Indians  were  about  de- 
parting, they  made  Signs  to  us  to  go  a  Hunt- 
ing with  them;  but  befides  that,  there  was  fuffi- 
cient  Caufe  to  fufped;  them,  we  had  enough  other 
Bufinefs  to  do.  However  we  ask'd,  whether  they 
would  barter  for  any  of  their  Canoes,  which 
they  agreed  to.     The  Sieur  Barbier  went  along 

with 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 


39 


at 


or 


with    them,   purchas'd    two    for    Hatchets    and  F*^-  "685 
brought  them.  V^^V>J 

Some  Days  after,  we  perceiv'd  a  Fire  in  the 
Country,  which  fpread  it  felf  and  burnt  the 
dry  Weeds,  Uiil  drawing  towards  us ;  where- 
upon, Monl'r.  de  la  Sale  made  all  the  Weeds 
and  Herbs  that  were  about  us,  be  pull'd  up,  and 
particularly  all  about  the  Place  where  the  Pow- 
der was.  Being  delirous  to  know  the  Occalion 
of  that  Fire,  he  took  about  twenty  of  us  along 
with  him,  and  we  march'd  that  Way,  and  even 
beyond  the  Fire,  without  feeing  any  Body. 
We  perceiv'd  that  it  run  towards  the  JV.  S.  IV. 
and  judg'd  it  had  begun  about  our  firll  Camp, 
and  at  the  Village  next  the  Fire. 

Having  fpy'd  a  Cottage  near  the  Bank  of  a 
Lake,  we  drew  towards  it,  and  found  an  old 
Woman  in  it,  who  fled  as  foon  as  Ihe  faw  us;  but 
having  overtaken  and  given  her  to  underlland, 
that  we  would  do  her  no  Harm,  Ihe  return'd  to 
her  Cottage,  where  we  found  fome  Pitchers  of 
Water,  of  which  we  all  drank.  Some  Time  af- 
ter we  faw  a  Canoe  coming,  in  which  were  two 
Women  and  a  Boy,  who  being  landed,  and 
perceiving  we  had  done  the  old  Woman  no  Ot/tJ  Salu- 
Harm,  came  and  imbraced  us  in  a  very  particu-  f^^""'- 
lar  Manner,  blowing  upon  our  Ears  and  ma- 
king Signs  to  give  us  to  underftand,  that  their 
People  were  a  hunting. 

A  few  Minutes  after,  feven  or  eight  of  the 
Indians  appeared,  who,  it  is  likely,  had  hid 
themfelves  among  the  Weeds  when  they  faw 
us  coming.  Being  come  up  they  faluted  us,  after 
the  fame  Manner,  as  the  Women  had  done, 
which  made  us  laugh.  We  (laid  there  fome 
Time  with  them.     Some  of  our  Men  barter'd 

D  4  Knives 


(I 


I 

i 


\ 


{ 


f     i 


■'  I, 


i 


1  ' 


v^-VNJ 


40  Monfiew  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j-  Second  Voyage 

FcL  ^85  Knives  for  Goats  Skins,  after  which  we  return'd 
to  our  Camp ;  Being  come  thither,  Monfieur 
ile  la  Sale  made  me  go  aboard  the  Bark  la  Belky 
where  he  had  imbark'd  Part  of  the  Powder, 
with  pofitive  Orders  not  to  carry,  or  permit 
any  Fire  to  be  made  there,  having  fufficient 
Caufe  to  fear  every  thing,  after  what  had  hap- 
ned.  For  this  Reafon  they  carry'd  me  and 
all  that  were  with  rne,  our  Meat  every  Day. 

During  this  time  it  was  that  r Aimable  open- 
ing in  the  Night,  the  next  Morning  we  faw 
all  the  light  Things  that  were  come  out  of  it 
floating  about,  and  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fent  Men 
every  Way,  who  gather'd  up  about  30  Casks 
of  Wine  and  Brandy,  and  fome  of  Flefli,  Meal 
and  Grain. 

When  we  had  gather'd  all,  as  well  what  had 
been  taken  out  of  the  Ship-wreck'd  Vefllsl  as 
what  could  be  pick'd  up  in  the  Sea,  the  next 
Thing  was  to  regulate  the  Provifions  we  had 
left  proportionably  to  the  Number  of  Men  we 
were ;  and  there  being  no  more  Bisket,  Meal 
was  deliver'd  out,  and  with  it  we  made  Hafty 
Pudding  with  Water,  which  was  none  of  the 
bell ;  fome  large  Beans  and  India  Corn,  part  of 
which  had  taken  wet ;  and  every  thing  was  di- 
ftributed  very  difcreetly.  We  were  much  in- 
commoded for  want  of  Kettles,  but  Monfieur 
de  Baujeu  gave  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  one,  and  he 
order'd  another  to  be  brought  from  the  Bark 
la  Belle^  by  which  means  we  were  well  ferv'd. 

We  were  (till  in  want  of  Canoes.  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  fent  to  the  Camp  of  the  Indians  to 
barter  for  fome,  and  they  who  went  thither 
obferv'd,  that  thofe  People  had  made  their  Ad- 
vantage of  our  Ship-wreck,  and  had  fome  Bales 

of 


\   i 


I' 


,_    *\ 


d- 
es 
of 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 


41 


of  Normandy  Blankets,  and  they  faw  feveral  Feb.  1685 
Women  had  cut  them  in  two  and  made  Petti-  '•^''VV) 
coats  of  them.  They  aifo  faw  Bits  of  Iron  of 
the  Ship  that  was  caft  away,  and  return'd 
immediately  to  make  their  Report  to  Monfieur 
de  la  SalCy  who  faid  we  muil  endeavour  to  get 
fome  Canoes  in  Exchange,  and  refolv'd  to  fend 
thither  again  the  next  Day.  Monfieur  du  Hamel^ 
Enfign  to  Monfr.  de  Beaujeu,  ofFer'd  to  go  up  in 
his  Boat,  which  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  agreed  to, 
and  order'd  Meffieurs  Morangei,  his  Nephew, 
DeJJoges,  Oris,  Gayen,  and  fome  others  to  bear 
him  Company. 

No  fooner  were  thofe  Gentlemen,  who  were 
more  Hot  than  Wife,  landed,  but  they  went  up 
to  the  Camp  of  the  Indians,  with  their  Arms 
in  their  Hands,  as  if  they  had  intended  to  force  ^"^^'J'-'^'^- 
them,  whereupon  feveral  of  thofe  People  fled,  r""/-  ^'' 
Going  into  the  Cottages,  they  found  others,  to 
whom  ivlonfieur  du  Hamel  endeavour'd  to  figni- 
fy  by  Signs,  that  he  would  have  the  Blankets 
they  had  found  reftor'd ;  but  the  Misfortune 
was,  that  none  of  them  underllood  one  another. 
The  Indians  thought  it  their  beft  Way  to  with- 
draw, leaving  behind  them  fome  Blankets  and 
Skins  of  Beads,  which  thofe  Gentlemen  took 
away,  and  finding  fome  Canoes  in  their  Return 
they  feiz'd  two,  and  got  in,  to  bring  them 
away. 

But  having  no  Oars,  none  of  them  knowing 
how  to  manage  thofe  Canoes,  and  having  only 
fome  pitiful  Poles,  which  they  could  not  tell 
the  right  Ufe  of,  and  the  Wind  being  alfo  a- 
gainfl:  them,  they  made  little  Way ;  which  the 
Sieur  du  Hamel,  who  was  in  his  Boat  perceiving, 
and  that  Night  drew  on,  he  made  the  bed  of 

his 


'V 


t      rt 


7 


<  ■■ 


'i 


I    is. 


..;' 

\ 

i?'  ill 

^'1-^'      i 

\        i 

^'\ 

**) 

_  X^g 

<  I  < 


V 


'h 


n|  ■ 


','.l 


f 


42 

March 
i68s 


77-^  Indi- 
ans take 
Revenge. 


Sieurs 
Or/j    and 

DeJJoges 
kill'd. 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

his  Way,  forfook  them  and  return'd  to  the 
Camp. 

Thus  Night  came  upon  them,  which  oblig'd 
thofe  unexperienc'd  Canoe  Men,  being  tho- 
roughly tir'd,  to  go  afhore  to  take  fome  Reft, 
and  the  Weather  being  cold,  they  lighted  a 
Fire,  about  which  they  laid  tiem  down  and 
fell  afleep;  the  Sentinel  they  had  appointed 
doing  the  fame.  The  Indians  returning  to  their 
Camp,  and  perceiving  our  Men  had  carry'd  away 
two  Canoes,  fome  Skins  and  Blankets,  took  it 
for  a  Declaration  of  a  War,  refolv'd  to  be 
reveng'd,  and  difcovering  an  unufual  Fire,  pre- 
fently  concluded  that  our  men  had  halted 
there.  A  confiderable  Number  of  them  re- 
pair'd  to  the  Place,  without  making  the  leaft 
Noife,  found  our  carelefs  People  faft  afleep, 
wrap'd  up  in  their  Blankets,  and  fhot  a  full 
Volley  of  their  Arrows  upon  them  all  together 
on  a  Sudden,  having  firft  given  their  ufual 
Shout  before  they  fall  on. 

The  Sieur  Morangei  awaking  with  the  Noife, 
and  finding  himfelf  wounded,  ftarted  up  and 
fir'd  his  Piece  fuccefsfully  enough,  fome  others 
did  the  like,  whereupon  the  Natives  fled.  The 
Sieur  Moranget  came  to  give  us  the  Alarm, 
though  he  was  fliot  through  one  of  his  Arms, 
below  the  Shoulder,  and  had  another  flanting 
Wound  on  the  Breall.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  im- 
mediately 


arm 


who  could  not  find  the  Indians,  but  when  Day 
appear'd,  they  found  the  Sieurs  Oris  and  Def- 
loges  dead  upon  the  Spot,  the  Sieur  Gayen 
much   hurt,  and  the   reft  all   fafe  and  found. 


This 


i< 


|[ 


ace. 


This 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

This  Difafter,  which  happen'd  the  Night  of 
the  5th  of  Marchy  very  much  afflided  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale\  but  he  chiefly  lamented  Monfieur 
DeJJoges  a  fprightiy  Youth,  who  ferv'd  well; 
but  in  fhort,  it  was  their  own  Fault,  and  con- 
trary to  the  Charge  given  them,  which  was  to 
be  watchful  and  upon  their  Guard.  We  were 
under  Apprehenfions  for  Meflieurs  Moranget 
and  Gay  en,  left  the  Arrows  fhould  be  poifon'd. 
It  afterwards  appear'd  they  were  not,  how- 
ever Monfieur  Moranget's  Cure  prov'd  difficult, 
becaufe  fome  fmall  Veflel  was  cut. 

The  Confequences  of  this  Misfortune,  toge- 
ther with  the  Concern,  mod  of  the  bed  Perfons 
who  had  foUow'd  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  were 
under,  fupported  the  Defign  of  thofe  who 
were  for  returning  to  France  and  forfaking 
him,  of  which  Number  were  Monfieur  Dain- 
maville,  a  Priell  of  the  Seminary  of  St.  Sulpice, 
the  Sieur  Minet,  Engineer  and  fome  others. 
The  common  Difcourfes  of  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale's  Enemies:  tending  to  difcredit  his  Condud, 
and  to  reprefent  the  pretended  Rafiinefs  of  his 
Enterprize,  contributed  confiderably  towards 
the  Defertion;  but  his  Refolution  prevailing, 
he  heard  and  waited  all  Events  with  Pati- 
ence, and  always  gave  his  Orders,  without 
appearing  the  leaf!  dilcompos'd. 

He  caus'd  the  Dead  to  be  brought  to  our 
Camp,  and  bury'd  them  Honourably,  the  Can- 
non fupplying  the  Want  of  Bells,  and  then 
confider'd  of  making  feme  fafer  Settlement. 
He  caus'd  all  that  had  been  fav'd  from  the 
Shipwreck,  to  be  brought  together  into  one 
Place,  threw  up  Intrenchments  about  it,  to 
fecure    his    Eflfeds,  and     perceiving    that    the 

Water 


43 

March 


'*'  \i' 


v^ 


!'l 


w! 


i!i 


n 

'i 

^-'1  ' 

\A 

"1 

, 

^-dUDMtKK 

TT^^ 


, ' « 


: 


r 


\  '' 


(^ 


ii 


44 

March 
1685 


Debates 
between 
the    Com- 
manders. 


Mr.  de  la 
Sale  much 
wrong'  d. 


Mr.  de 
Beaujeu 

/eaves  him 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

Water  of  the  River,  where  we  were,  roul'd 
down  violently  into  the  Sea,  he  fancy'd  that 
might  be  one  of  the  Branches  of  the  Mifftfipi^ 
and  propos'd  to  go  up  it,  to  fe<:  whether  he 
could  find  any  Tokens  of  it,  or  of  the  Marks 
he  had  left,  when  he  went  dov  1 :  by  Land  to 
the  Mouth  of  it. 

In  the  mean  Time,  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu  was 
preparing  to  depart :  The  Chevalier  de  Aire 
had  many  Conferences  with  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
about  feveral  things,  the  latter  demanded  of 
Monfieur  de  Beaujeu.,  particularly  the  Cannon 
and  Ball  which  were  aboard  the  Joly.,  and  had 
been  defign'd  for  him;  which  Monfieur  de 
Beaujeu  refus'd,  alledging  that  all  thofe  things 
lay  at  the  Bottom  of  the  Hold,  and  that  he  could 
not  rummage  it  without  evident  Danger  of 
perilhing;  tho',  at  the  fame  time,  he  knew  we 
had  Eight  Pieces  of  Cannon  and  not  one  Bullet. 

I  know  not  how  that  Affair  was  decided  be- 
tween them ;  but  am  fure  he  fuffer'd  the  Cap- 
tain of  the  Fly-boat  V Aimable  to  imbark  aboard 
Monfieur  de  Beaujeu.,  tho'  he  deferv'd  to  be  mod 
feverely  punilb'd,  had  Juftice  been  done  him. 
His  Crew  follow'd  him,  contrary  to  what  Mon- 
fieur de  Beaujeu  had  promis'd,  that  he  would 
not  receive  a  Man  of  them.  All  that  Mon- 
fieur de  la  Sale  could  do,  tho'  fo  much  wrong'd, 
was  to  write  to  France.,  to  Monfieur  de  Saignelay., 
Minifter  of  State,  whom  he  acquainted  with  alll 
the  Particulars,  as  I  was  inform'd,  when  I  re- 
turn'd,  and  he  gave  the  Packet  to  Monfieur 
de  Beaujeu.,  who  fail'd  away  for  France. 

Having  loft  the  Notes  I  took  at  that  time, 
and  being  forc'd  to  rely  much  upon  Memory 
for  what  I   now  write,  I  fhall  not  pretend  to  be 

any 


.«i 


i: 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

any  longer  exad  in  the  Dates,  for  fear  of 
miftaking,  and  therefore  I  cannot  be  pofitive 
as  to  the  Day  of  Monfieur  de  Beaujeu's  Depar- 
ture, but  believe  it  was  the  14th  of  March, 
1685. 

When  Monfr.  de  Beaujeu  was  gone,  we  fell 
to  Work  to  make  a  Fort,  of  the  Wreck  of  the 
Ship  that  had  been  caft  away,  and  many  Pieces 
of  Timber  the  Sea  threw  up;  and  during  that 
Time,  feveral  Men  deferted,  which  added  to 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale's  Afflidion.  A  Spaniard  and 
a  French  Man  dole  away  and  fled,  and  were  ne- 
ver more  heard  of.  Four  or  five  others  follow'd 
their  Example,  but  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  having 
timely  Notice,  fent  after  them,  and  they  were 
brought  back.  One  of  them  was  condemn'd  to 
Death,  and  the  others  to  ferve  the  King  ten 
Years  in  that  Country. 

When  our  Fort  was  well  advanc'd,  Monfr. 
de  la  Sale  refolv'd  to  clear  his  Doubts,  and  to  go 
up  the  River,  where  we  were,  to  know  whe- 
ther it  was  not  an  Arm  of  the  Mifftftpi,  and  ac- 
cordingly order'd  fifty  Men  to  attend  him,  of 
which  Number  were  Monfr.  Cavelier,  his  Bro- 
ther, and  Monfr.  Chedeville,  both  Priefts,  two 
Recolet  Fryars,  and  feveral  Voluntiers,  who 
fet  out  in  five  Canoes  we  had,  with  the  necef- 
fary  Provifions.  There  remain'd  in  the  Fort  a- 
bout  an  hundred  and  thirtv  Perfons,  and  Monfr. 
de  la  Sale  gave  me  the  Command  of  it,  with  Or- 
ders not  to  have  any  Commerce  with  the  Na- 
tives, but  to   fire  at  them   if  they  appear'd. 

Whilft  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  was  abfent,  I  caus'd 
an  Oven  to  be  built,  which  was  a  great  Help 
to  us,  and  employ'd  my  felf  in  finifhing  the 
Fort,   and   putt-.ng    it   in    a    Pofture    to  with- 

ftand 


45 
M<?r.  1685 


A  Fort 
built. 


Monfr.  de 
la  Sale 
goes  to  dif- 
cover  up 
the  River. 


i 


^pr 


,  ■  i 


IV 


\l 


'.I 


i     ' 


|)i 


46  Monfteur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 


M/;r.i685 


Returns 


Sets  out  a- 
gain. 


A  Spanip 
Fef  el  ap- 
pears. 


(land  the  Indians y  who  came  frequently  in  the 
Night  to  range  about  us,  howling  like  Wolves 
and  Dogs;  but  two  or  three  Mufquet  Shots  put 
them  to  Flight.  It  happen'd  one  Night,  that 
having  fir'd  fix  or  feven  Shot,  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale  who  was  not  far  from  us,  heard 
them,  and  being  in  Pain  about  it,  he  return'd 
with  fix  or  feven  Men,  and  found  all  Things 
in  a  good  Poflure. 

He  told  us  he  had  found  a  good  Country, 
fit  to  fow  and  plant  all  So  ;s  of  Grain,  a- 
bounding  in  Beeves  and  wild  Fowl;  that  he 
defign'd  to  ered:  a  Fort  farther  up  the  River, 
and  accordingly  he  left  me  Orders  to  fquare 
out  as  much  Timber  as  I  could  get,  the  Sea 
carting  up  much  upon  the  Shore.  He  had 
given  the  fame  Orders  to  the  Men  he  had  left 
on  the  Spot,  feven  or  eight  of  whom,  de- 
tach'd  from  the  reft,  being  bufy  at  that  Work, 
and  feeing  a  Number  of  the  Natives,  fled, 
and  unadvifeably  left  their  Tools  behind  them. 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  returning  thither,  found  a 
Paper  made  fafl  to  a  Reed,  which  gave  him 
Notice  of  that  Accident,  which  he  was 
concern'd  at,  becaufe  of  the  Tools,  not  fo 
much  for  the  Value  of  the  Lofs,  as  becaufe  it 
was  fvirnifliing  the  Natives  with  fuch  Things 
as  they  might  afterwards  make  Ufe  of  againft 
us. 

About  the  Beginning  of  Aprils  we  were  a- 
larm'd  by  a  Vefiel  which  appear'd  at  Sea,  near 
enough  to  difcern  the  Sails,  and  we  fuppofed 
they  might  be  Spaniards^  who  had  heard  of  our 
Coming  and  were  ranging  the  Coaft  to  find  us 
out.  That  made  us  (land  upon  our  Guard,  to 
keep  within  the  Fort,  and  fee  that  our  Arms 

were 


i 


H' 


',V  )' 


\ 


u 


i 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

were  fit  for  Service.  We  afterwards  faw  two 
Men  in  that  Veflel,  who  inftead  of  coming  to 
uss,  went  towards  the  other  Point,  and  by 
that  Means  pafs'd  on,  without  perceiving  us. 

Having  one  Day  obferv'd,  that  the  Water 
work'd  and  bubbled  up,  and  afterwards  per- 
ceiving it  was  occafion'd  by  the  Fifh  skipping 
from  Place  to  Place,  I  caufed  a  Net  to  be 
brought,  and  we  took  a  prodigious  Quantity  of 
Fifh,  among  which  were  many  Dorado's,  or 
Gilt-Heads,  Mullets  and  others  about  as  big 
as  a  Herring,  which  afforded  us  good  Food  for 
feveral  Days.  This  fifhery,  which  I  caufed  to 
be  often  follow'd,  was  a  great  Help  towards 
our  Subfi (lance. 

About  that  Time,  and  on  Eafter-day  that 
Year,  an  unfortunate  Accident  befel  Monfieur 
le  Gros.  After  Divine  Service  he  took  a  Gun 
to  go  kill  Snipes  about  the  Fort.  He  fhot 
one,  which  fell  into  a  Marfli,  he  took  off  his 
Shoes  and  Stockings  to  fetch  it  out,  and  re- 
turning, through  Carelefsnefs  trod  upon  a  Rat- 
tle Snake,  fo  call'd,  becaufe  it  has  a  Sort  of 
Scale  on  the  Tail,  which  makes  a  Noife.  The 
Serpent  bit  him  a  little  above  the  Ankle,  he 
was  carefully  drefs'd  and  look'd  after,  yet 
after  having  endur'd  very  much,  he  dy'd  at 
lall,  as  I  fhall  mention  in  its  Place.  Another 
more  unlucky  Accident  befell  us,  one  of  our 
Fifhermen  fwimming  about  the  Net  to  gather 
the  Fifh,  was  carry'd  away  by  the  Current, 
and  could  not  be  help'd  by  us. 

Our  Men  fometimes  went  about  feveral 
little  Salt  Water  Lakes,  that  were  near  our 
Fort,  and  found  on  the  Banks  a  Sort  of  flat 
Fifhes,  like  Turbots  afleep,  which   they    ftruck 

with 


47 

Apr.   1685 


Plenty  of 
Fip  taken. 


Rattle 

Snake 
bites  Mr. 
le  Gros. 


May  1685 


.ii:^ ' 


'     ■! 


'ii 


48 

May  1685 

Sa/t  found 
in  Pooh. 


Indians 
tome  to  the 
Fort. 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

with  fharp  pointed  Sticks,  and  they  were  good 
Food.  Providence  alfo  fliew'd  us  that  there 
was  Salt  made  by  the  Sun,  upon  feveral  little 
Salt  Water  Pools  there  were  in  divers  Places, 
for  having  obferv'd  that  there  grew  on  them 
a  Sort  of  white  Subftance,  like  the  Cream  upon 
Milk,  I  took  care  every  Day  to  fend  and  fetch 
that  Scum  off,  which  prov'd  to  be  a  very  white 
and  good  Salt,  whereof  I  gathered  a  Quanti- 
ty, and  it  did  us  good  Service. 

Some  of  our  Hunters  having  feen  a  Parcel 
of  wild  Goats  running  as  if  they  were  frighted, 
judg'd  they  were  purfued  by  the  Indians.,  and 
came  for  Refuge  to  the  Fort,  and  to  give  me 
Notice.  Accordingly  fome  Time  after,  we  difco- 
ver'd  a  Parcel  of  Natives,  who  came  and  po- 
rted themfelves  on  an  Eminence,  within  Can- 
non Shot,  fome  of  them  drew  off  from  the  reft 
and  approach'd  the  Fort  by  the  Way  of  the 
Downs.  I  caufed  our  Men  immediately  to 
handle  their  Arms,  and  v/et  Blankets  to  be 
laid  on  our  Huts,  to  prevent  their  being  burnt 
by  the  Fire  the  Savages  fometimes  fhoot  with 
their  Arrows.  All  this  Time  thofe  who  had 
feparated  themfelves  from  the  reft,  being  three 
in  Number,  ftill  drew  nearer,  making  Signs 
for  us  to  go  to  them;  but  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
had  forbid  me  having  any  Commerce  with  them; 
however,  fince  they  had  neither  Bows  nor  Ar- 
rows, we  made  signs  to  them  to  draw  near, 
which  they  did  without  hefitating. 

We  went  out  to  meet  them,  Monfieur  Mo- 
ranget  made  them  fit  down,  and  they  gave  us 
to  underftand  by  Signs,  that  their  People  were 
hunting  near  us;  being  able  to  make  no  more 
of  what  they  faid,  Monfieur  Moranget  was  for 

knocking 


'  >> 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


49 


knocking  out  their  Brains,  to  revenge  their  J""''  '685 
having  murder'd  our  Companions,  but  I  would  ^"^^t^ 
not  confent  to  it,  fince  they  had  come  confiding 
in  us.  I  made  Signs  to  them  to  be  gone,  which 
they  did  as  fad  as  they  could,  fome  I'mall  Shot 
we  fir'd  into  the  Air  making  them  run,  and  a 
Cannon  Shot,  I  pointed  towards  the  rifing 
Ground,  where  the  reft  were,  put  them  all  to 
Flight. 

Thefe  Accidents  made  us  double  our  Guards, 
fince  we  were  at  open  War  with  that  crafty 
Nation,  which  let  flip  no  Opportunity  to  fur- 
prize  us,  and  therefore  Penalties  were  appoint- 
ed for  fuch  as  lliould  be  found  afleep  upon  Sen- 
tinel; the  Wooden-Horfe  was  fet  up  for  them 
without  Remilfion;  and  by  Means  of  fuch  Pre- 
cautions we  fav'd  our  Lives. 

Thus  we  fpent  the  reft  of  the  Month,  till 
the  Beginning  of  June.  In  the  mean  Time, 
Monfieur  de  la  "-^ile  had  begun  to  make  another 
Settlement,  in  the  Place  he  before  told  us  of, 
looking  upon  it  as  better,  bccaufe  it  was  fur- 
ther up  the  Country.  To  that  Purpofe  he  fent 
to  us  the  Sieur  de  Villeperdry  with  two  Canoes  Second 
and  Orders  for  the  Sieur  Moranget  to  repair  to  Settlement 
him,  if  he  were  recover'd,  and  that  all  the  Men 
(hould  march,  except  30  of  the  ablert  to  make 
a  good  Defence,  who  were  to  ilay  with  me  in 
the  Fort.  The  reft  being  feventy  Perfons,  as 
well  Men  artd  Women  as  Children,  fet  out 
with  the  Sieur  Moranget ;  and  we  being  but  a 
fmall  Number  remaining,  I  caufed  the  Fort  to 
be  brought  into  a  lefs  Compafs,  to  fave  porting 
fo  many  Sentinels. 

Our  little  Company  began  to  take  Satisfadli- 
on  in  the  Eafe  of  getting  and  the  Nature  of  our 

E  Provifions 


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50  Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

July  1685   Provifions,  which  a  greater  Number  has  more 

^'^^t^    Difficulty  to   be   fuppiy'd  with,  and   which  we 

^Con/pi-     i^jjjj  Plenty  of,by  Meansof  Hunting  and  Pllhing, 

'^ver'd       '  ^^^^^   being  our  principal    Employments,   and 

we  liv'd  well  enough  contented,  expefting  to  be 

remov'd.     However  there  were  fome  Malecon- 

tents,   who    refolv'd    to    defert ;    but   finding   a 

Difficuly  to  put  it  in   Execution,  for  that  tney 

could  neither  get  Arms,  nor  Powder  nor  Ball, 

because  the  Sieur  le  Gros  and  I   kept  all  lock'd 

up,  and  were  very  vigilant,  that  none  might  be 

lavilhly  fpent,  they    took  the  cruel   Refolution 

to  rid  themfelves  of  us. 

That  bloody  MafTacre  was  to  begin  by  me, 
when  I  was  afleep,  and  then  to  proceed  to  the 
Sieur  le  Gros,  who  lay  in  the  Magazine,  or 
Warehoufe,  and  was  in  no  Condition  to  defend 
himfelf,  becaufe  his  Leg  was  flill  fwolen,  and 
puf  him  to  much  Pain.  The  Execution  was  to 
be  by  llabbing.  One  of  the  Confpirators  re- 
veal'd  this  to  the  Sieur  Davau/t,  a  Hunter,  who 
immediately  came  and  accquainted  me.  I  did 
not  juft  then  take  Notice  of  what  I  had  been 
told;  but  in  the  Evenin^r,  when  they  return'd 
from  hunting,  I  caufed  one  to  be  fecur'd,  who 
prefentJy  confefs'd  all.  His  Accomplice  was 
alfo  feiz'd,  and  it  was  very  troublefom  to  fe- 
cure  them  till  the  Time  when  we  fhould  re- 
move. 

About  the  Middle  of  July,  the  Bark  la  Belle 
came  and  anchor'd  near  us.  An  Order  was 
brought  me  from  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  direding 
me  to  put  aboard  it  all  the  Effedls  that  were  in 
our  Fort,  to  make  a  Float  of  the  Timber  I  had 
caufed  to  be  fquar'd,  if  Time  would  permit,  if 
not  to  bury  it  in  the  Ground.     Every  Man  fet 

his 


V|l|ii 


mmm 


fe- 
re- 


irtto   NORTH    AMERICA. 

his  Hand  to  the  Work,  with  all  pofl'ible  Dili- 
gence, and  our  two  Prifoners  were  put  aboard, 
as  was  alfo  Monlieur  /e  Gros  and  his  Surgeon, 
with  all  our  EfFeds. 

The  Float  was  begun  with  immenfe  Labour; 
but  the  Weather  proving  very  Stormy,  and 
holding  very  long,  I  was  oblig'd  to  caufe  what 
had  been  done  to  be  taken  in  Pieces,  and  to 
bury  the  Timber  in  the  Sand,  the  bell  we  could, 
that  the  Natives  might  not  find  it. 

We  then  fet  out  towards  the  Place  where 
the  Indians  had  been  encamp'd,  when  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  went  the  firft  time  to  fee  them.  We 
found  no  Creature,  and  lay  there  that  Night, 
and  fo  proceeded  along  the  Sea  Coall,  without 
any  Accident,  to  the  Camp  of  the  Sieur  //«r/V, 
which  was  a  Port  in  the  Way,  where  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  had  order'd  all  our  EfFefts  to  be  laid 
up.  It  had  no  other  Inclofure  but  Chefts  and 
Barrels ;  but  there  was  nothing  to  fear  from 
the  Europeans. 

We  fpent  the  Night  at  that  Pod,  and  two 
Canoes  coming  thither  the  next  Morning,  I 
went  aboard  one  of  them,  with  Part  of  my 
Company,  and  join'd  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  the 
next  Day,  at  the  Place  where  he  had  refolv'd 
to  make  his  new  Settlement.  I  gave  him  an 
Account  of  all  that  had  happen'd,  and  was 
amaz'd  to  fee  Things  fo  ill  begun  and  fo  little 
advanc'd.  As  for  the  Plantation,  the  Seed 
and  Grain  put  into  the  Ground,  was  either  loft 
through  Drought,  or  eaten  by  Birds  or  Beafts. 
There  were  feveral  Dead,  and  among  them  the 
Sieur  de  Villeperdry\  many  fick,  and  of  that 
Number  Monfieur  Cavalier  the  Prieft;  no  Shel- 
ter but  a  little  fquare  Place  ftak'd  in,  where  the 

E  2  Powder 


51 

July  1685 


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52  Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

July  1685  Powder  was  and  fome  Casks  of  Brandy;  many 
^'^"^•^    other  Inconveniences  there   were,  which  made 
all  Things  appear  in  a  miferable  Condition. 

It  was  requifite  to  think  of  building  a  large 
Lodgment,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  defign'd  it,  but 
the  Difficulty  was  to  get  proper  Timber  for 
Building.  There  was  a  little  Wood,  where  a 
good  Quantity  might  be  had,  but  it  was  a 
League  up  the  Country,  and  we  had  neither 
Carts  nor  Horfes  to  carry  it;  however  Monfr. 
Hard  La-  ^e  la  Sale  fent  Workmen  thither,  with  others 
hour.  to  guard  them.  The  Trees  were  cut  down 
and  squar'd,  but  the  Carpenters  were  fo  igno- 
rant, that  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  was  forc'd  to  ad 
the  Mailer  Builder,  and  to  mark  out  the  Pieces 
for  the  Work  he  defign'd.  Some  of  thofe 
Pieces  of  Timber  were  dragg'd  to  the  Camp, 
over  the  Grafs  and  Weeds  the  Plain  was  co- 
ver'd  with;  afterwards  the  Carriage  of  a  Gun 
was  made  ufe  of;  but  all  coft  fo  much  Labour, 
that  the  ableft  Men  were  quite  fpent. 

This  excefTive  Toil,  the  poor  Suftenance  the 
labouring  Men  had,  and  that  often  retrench'd 
as  a  Penalty  for  having  fail'd  in  doing  their 
Duty;  the  Uneafinefs  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  viiis 
under  to  fee  nothing  fucceed  as  he  had  imagin'd, 
and  which  often  made  him  infult  the  Men, 
when  there  was  little  Reaion  for  it ;  All  thefe 
things  together  afflifted  very  many  fo  fenfibly, 
that  they  vifibly  declin'd,  and  above  thirty 
Carpenter  dy'd.  The  Lofs  of  fo  many  Men  was  follow'd 
'"/*'  by   that  of  the  Mailer  Carpenter,  who  was  re- 

turning one  Evening  with  me;  but  I  happening 
to  (lep  afide  to  kill  fome  wild  Fowl,  when  I 
came  to  our  Habitation  I  found  him  not,  and 
it  was   never  known  what  became  of  him  ;  an 

Accident 


W 


/«/o   NORTH    AMERICA. 

Accident  which  added  to  our  Vexation,  for  tho' 
he  had  but  little  Skill  at  his  Trade,  yet  we 
flood  in  Need  of  him. 

Notwithftanding  all  thofe  Difappointments, 
enough  Timber  was  carry'd  or  rather  dragg'd, 
to  build  the  Houfe  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  defign'd, 
and  he  was  himfelf  the  Archited.  He  mark'd 
out  the  Lengths,  the  Tenants  and  Mortifes, 
and  made  good  the  Defeft  of  the  Workmen 
and  calling  to  Mind  that  I  had  bury'd  feveral 
Pieces  of  Timber  at  our  firfl  Habitation,  which 
might  be  of  Ufe,  he  order'd  me  to  take  two 
Canoes  and  20  men,  to  go  fetch  them,  in  the 
Bark  la  Belle,  which  was  with  us. 

Being  come  to  the  Place,  we  found  the  Na- 
tives had  difcover'd  our  Timber,  and  carry'd 
away  fome  Planks,  to  pick  out  the  Nails  there 
were  in  them,  which  they  value  very  much, 
to  point  their  Arrows.  We  labour'd  to  make 
a  Float,  loaded  the  Bark  la  Belle  with  the  reft 
of  the  Planks  and  other  EfFeds,  and  fet  out 
again.  Some  of  the  Natives  appear'd  whilft 
we  were  at  Work,  but  feeing  us  advance  to- 
wards them,  with  our  Arms  in  our  Hands,  they 
fled. 

We  return'd  fafe  to  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  who 
was  glad  to  fee  us,  tho'  we  had  loft  one  of  the 
Canoes,  for  want  of  its  being  well  made  faft 
to  the  Float;  but  the  Timber  we  brought  was 
a  mighty  help  towards  carrying  on  his  Defign, 
and  much  fitter  than  that  we  had  hew'd  in  the 
Wood,  with  fo  much  Labour;  fo  that  this 
Timber  oocafion'd  the  raifing  another  Strudure 
contiguous  to  the  former.  All  was  cover'd  with 
Planks,  and  Bullocks  Hides  over  them.  The 
Apartments  were  divided,  and  all  of  them  well 

E  7  cover'd. 


53 

Jug.  1685 


Second  Set- 
tlement. 


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54  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

Sep.  1685  cover'd.     The  Stores    had  a    Place  apart,  and 

^'^''''^^''"^  that  Dwelling  had  the  name  of  St.  Lewis  given 
it,  as  well  as  the  Neighbouring  Bay. 

The  Sieur  k  Gros,  who  had  remain'd  aboard 

the  Bark  le  Be/Ie,  ever  fince  the  firft  Voyage  fhe 

made  to    our   former  Habitation,    was    carry'd 

Mr,   le  afhore  to  the  new  One,  and  his  Leg  dill  fwell- 

artii  others  ^"S>  ^^^  Surgeon  was  apprehenfive  of  a  Morti- 
fication, and  advis'd  him  to  confent  to  have  it 
cut  off.  He  did  fo,  tho*  with  Regret,  the  Ope- 
ration was  made,  but  a  Fever  follow* d  imme- 
diately, and  he  liv'd  but  two  Days,  dying  on 
the  Feail  of  the  Decollation  of  St.  John  Baptifly 
much  lamented  by  all  Men,  and  particularly  by 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale^  to  whom  he  was  very  fer- 
viceable,  by  reafon  of  his  general  Knowledge, 
and  his  particular  Fidelity  towards  him.  Mon- 
fieur Carpentier,  Son  to  the  Mafter  of  the  Works 
and  the  Sieur  Thibaulty  both  of  Roariy  and  fome 
others,  dy'd  about  the  fame  time. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  being  defirous  to  take  a 
Progrefs,  to  find  his  fatal  MiJJiftpi  River,  and 
only  expedling  the  Recovery  of  his  Brother 
Monfieur  Cavalier,  who  was  to  bear  him  Com- 
pany, he  began  to  make  fome  Preparations 
towards  it,  and  in  the  mean  time,  took  fome 
fmall  Journeys  of  four  or  five  Leagues  about, 
but  could  learn  nothing  further,  than  that  it 
was  a  very  fine  Country,  hem'd  in  on  one 
Side  by  a  fmall  Mountain,  which  appear'd  at 
about  Fifteen  or  Twenty  Leagues  diftance; 
beautify'd  with  very  fine  Trees,  and  water'd 
by  many  little  Rivers,  whereof  that,  on  which 
we  had  built  our  Habitation  was  the  lead. 
River  of  We   call'd  it  la  Riviere  aux  Bceufs,  that  is  the 

Bullocks,     River  of  Bullocks,  by  reafon  of  the  great  Num- 
ber 


w 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


SS 

Sep.    1685 


ber  of  them   there  was  about  it.     Thefe  Bul- 
locks are  very   like  ours,  there  are  Thoufands   ''^^"V%J 
of  them,  but  inftead  of  Hair  they  have  a  very 
long  curl'd  Sort  of  Wool. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  Studying  all  Ways  to 
find  out  the  River  Mijftftpi,  imagin'd  it  might 
fall  into  the  adjacent  Bay,  and  refolv'd  to  go 
view  all  rhe  Coafts  about  it,  and  to  make  ufe 
of  the  Bark  la  Belle.  Accordingly  he  order'd 
me  to  repair  to  the  faid  Bark,  with  five  Men 
and  a  Canoe,  into  which  he  put  his  Cloaths, 
and  other  Effedts  in  feveral  Cherts. 

That  Ihort  Voyage  was  very  troublefome  to 
us,  by  reafon  of  the  foul  Weather,  with  contra- 
ry Winds  and  Storms,  which  had  like  to  have 
overwhelm'd  us,  and  what  was  ftill  worfe, 
we  did  not  find  the  Bark,  where  we  had  left 
her.  We  went  on  a  League  further,  to  no 
Purpofe,  and  Provifions  beginning  to  fall  fhort, 
becaufe  we  had  been  fix  Days  on  the  Way,  in- 
flead  of  three,  we  resolv'd  to  return  to  the 
Place  from  whence  we  came. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  feeing  us  return  at  a  di- 
ftance,  came  to  meet  us.     Our  Report  troubled 
him  for  the  Bark,  which  he   flood   in  need  of, 
fo  that   he   refolv'd  to  go  himfelf  to  feek  her, 
imbark'd   in  a    Canoe,    and    fent    me    another 
Way,  in  another.     After  having  wander'd  about       ggat  of 
all  that  Day,  the  next  Night  and  the  Day  fol-  the   Bark 
lowing,  we  at  laft  perceiv'd  her,  where  flie  lay  ^oj'- 
under  Shelter  in  a  little  Creek,  having  been  in 
Danger  of  Perifhing  by  the  foul  Weather  we 
had  been  in,  and  had  loft  hei   Boat,  which  was 
not  well  made  faft. 


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56  Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

oa.  168 r  The  Bark  was  alfo  difcover'd  by  Monfieur 
^^^  ^  de  la  Sale^  who  was  on  the  other  fide,  which 
made  him  draw  near  and  land,  whence  he  fent 
his  Canoe  to  the  faid  Bark,  ?,nd  Monfieur 
Moranget  who  commanded  it,  went  aboard  to 
meet  him.  The  Lofs  of  the  Boat  troubled  Mon- 
fieur de  la  Sale,  I  fent  a  Canoe  to  bring  him, 
but  to  no  Purpofe;  however  the  Trunks  were 
put  aboard  the  Bark. 

Monfieur  Cavalier  the  Prieft,  being  recover'd, 
jfTij^t      Monfieur  de  la  Sale  prepar'd  to  fet  out  with  all 
Stores  they  Speed.     He  was  pleas'd  to  Honour  me  with  the 
had.  Command,  during  his  Abfence,  and  left  me  an 

Inventory  of  all  that  was  in  our  Habitation, 
confiding  of  Eight  Pieces  of  Cannon,  two 
Hundred  Firelocks,  as  many  Cutlaces,  an  Hun- 
dred Barrels  of  Powder,  three  Thoufand  Weight 
of  Ball,  about  three  Hundred  Weight  of  other 
Lead,  fome  Bars  of  Iron,  twenty  Packs  of  Iron 
to  make  Nails,  fome  Iron  Work  and  Tools,  as 
Hatchets  and  the  like. 

As  for  Provifions,  all  that  were  left  me  amoun- 
ted to  twenty  Casks  of  Meal,  one  Cask  and  a 
half  of  Wine,  three  Quarters  of  a  Cask  of  Bran- 
dy, and  for  living  Creatures  fome  few  Swine,  a 
Cock  and  a  Hen;  which  is  very  (hort  of  what 
has  been  Publifii'd  by  the  Author  of  a  Book  en- 
tituled.  The  Jirjl  EJIabliJhment  in  New  France:  but 
the  Reafon  of  it  is,  that  he  compiled  his  Work 
upon  the  Credit  of  Relations,  which  were  as 
falfe  as  to  the  Point  of  the  Ammunition  and 
Provifions,  remaining  in  our  Habitation,  when 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fet  out  that  Time,  as  con- 
cerning the  Fort  well  condition'd,  and  the 
Magazines  or  Storehofes  under  Ground,  which 
are  all  imaginary,  there  being  Nothing  but  the 

Houfe 


m 


■■■■ 


.fieur 

^hich 

fent 


f 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

Houfe  I  have  mention'd,  pallifado'd,  with  fome 
old  Stakes. 

Monfr.  de  la  Sale  farther  order'd  me  not  to 
receive  any  Men  of  thofe  he  took  along  with 
him,  unlefs  they  brought  an  Order  from  him  in 
Writiiig;  nor  to  hold  or  admit  of  any  Com- 
munication with  the  Natives,  but  rather  to  fire 
upon  them,  and  fome  other  Particulars  he 
thought  fit  to  be  obferv'd.  He  had  made  him- 
self a  Coat  of  Mail  with  fmall  Laths,  to  fecure 
himfelf  againft  the  Arrows,  which  he  took  a- 
long  with  him,  he  alfo  took  the  Canoes,  and 
promis'd  to  fend  me  one  back.  Five  Cannon 
Shot  were  the  Signal  of  his  Departure. 

He  took  his  Way  along  the  lower  Part  of 
the  River,  to  march  by  Land  along  the  neigh- 
bouring Bay,  which  was  call'd  of  St.  Lewis,  the 
Canoes  keeping  within  Sight.  I  was  left 
in  the  Habitation  with  thirty  four  Perfons,  Men, 
Women  and  Children,  and  of  that  Number 
were  three  Recolet  Friars,  the  Sieur  Hurie,  who 
was  to  command  in  my  Abfence,  one  of  the 
Sieurs  Dubaut,  the  Sieurs  Thibault  and  a  Sur- 
geon. 

Our  Provifions  being  very  fmall,  and  it  being 
requifite  to  fpare  them,  for  the  Sick,  we  were 
oblig'd  to  apply  our  felves  to  Fifhing  and  Shoot- 
ing. Both  of  them  at  firft  prov'd  very  unfuc- 
cefsful,  efpecially  the  latter;  becaufe  we  were 
not  yet  well  vers'd  in  them,  and  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale  had  taken  our  Huntfman  along  with  him; 
but  at  length,  NecefTity  made  us  more  expert. 
We  kill'd  Beeves,  fome  of  which  I  caus'd  to  be 
dry'd,  and  they  were  a  confiderable  Help  to 
fubfift  us. 

Some 


57 

Nov.  1685 


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out  to  dis- 
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Nov.  1685 

Hunter 
dies    with 
Cold. 


Some  Days  after,  the  Canoe  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale  had  promis'd  me,  arrived  with  three  Sol- 
diers, who  brought  us  the  News  of  the  Lofs  of 
the  Huntfman  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  taken 
along  with  him,  and  who  had  been  found  dead 
with  Cold  in  a  Ditch,  where  he  had  lain  down 
to  reft  after  hunting,  which  troubled  us  all  ve- 
ry much.  They  alfo  inform'd  us,  that  Monfr. 
de  la  Sale  advancing  towards  fome  Dwellings 
the  Natives  had  abandon'd,  after  a  fmall  Re- 
finance, fome  of  whom  had  been  wounded  as 
they  fled,  they  had  taken  and  brought  a  Girl 
and  a  Woman,  who  was  (hot  thro'  tne  Thigh, 
of  which  fhe  dy'd. 
Dec.  1685  The  Canoe  was  a  great  Help  to  us  to  carry 
what  we  kill'd,  which  being  brought  to  our  Ha- 
bitation, found  Employment  for  all  Perfons, 
fome  to  flea,  others  to  cut  up,  and  others  to 
dry  it.  At  other  Times,  I  fet  fome  of  our 
Men  to  throw  up  a  Trench  about  our  Habi- 
tation. 

Thus  we  fpent  our  Time,  till  about  the 
Jan.  1686  Middle  of  January,  1686,  when  being  all,  one 
Evening,  in  our  Manfion,  the  Sentinel  came  in 
to  acquaint  me,  that  he  heard  a  Voice  towards 
the  River;  fome  men  ran  thither  immediately, 
and  found  a  Man  in  a  Canoe,  crying,  Dominick, 
which  was  thz  Name  of  young  Duhaut,  who 
was  with  us.  The  Sight  of  that  made  me  appre- 
henfive  left  fome  Difafter  was  befallen  Monfr. 
de  la  Sale.  I  drew  near,  and  perceiv'd  it  was 
Duhaut  the  Elder,  that  was  return'd. 

I  ask'd,  him  whether  he  had  any  Letters 
from  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  he  anfwer'd,  he  had 
not.  It  gave  me  some  Uneafinefs,  confidering 
I   was   forbid  admitting  any    Man    without  an 

Or- 


into    NORTH    AMERICA. 


59 


Jnn.    1686 

Duhaut 
returns 
from  Mr. 
de  laSale. 


Six  Men 
killed  by 


Order  in  Writing,  and  I  was  almoft  refolv'd  to 
fecure  him;  but  the  Account  he  gave  me  of  the 
Occafion  of  his  returning  wholly  clear'd  him. 
I  admitted  him,  and  he  told  me  the  whole 
Matter  as  follows. 

Monfr.  de  la  Sale,  having  (laid  fome  Time  on 
the  Sea  Shore,  near  the  Place  where  the  Bark 
was  at  Anchor  he  refolv'd  to  try  the  Anchor- 
ing Places  of  the  Coafts  round  about,  to  know 
how  near  the  Bark  le  Belle  might  come.  To  that 
Purpofe  he  fent  the  Pilot  with  5  of  the  belt  Men 
to  found. 

The  Pilot  did  as  he  was  order'd,  he  founded 
and  obferved  the  proper  Places  to  come  near  fe- 
veral  Coafls.  At  Night  he  and  his  Men  be- 
ing in  all  likelyhood  tir'd,  they  thought  fit  to  go  ^iiativVs. 
Alhore  and  lie  upon  the  Land.  Tney  made  a 
Fire,  perhaps  to  drefs  fome  Meat ;  but  ne- 
glefting  to  ftand  upon  their  Guard,  they  were 
furpriz'd,  and  all  fix  of  them  kill'd  by  the  Sa- 
vages; who  alfo  broke  their  Canoe,  and  thus 
reveng'd  themfelves  for  the  Irruption  Monfr.  de 
la  Sale  had  lately  made  among  them. 

More  Time  being  elaps'd  than  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale  had  allotted  tho'e  Men  to  return,  he 
grew  uneafy,  and  went  himfelf  along  the  Coaft, 
to  fee  if  any  News  could  be  had  of  them,  and 
keeping  along  the  Shore,  he  found  the  fad  Re- 
mains of  thofe  unfortunate  Wretches,  whofe 
Carcafles  fcatter'd  about,  were  torn  and  almoft 
devour'd  by  Wolves  or  Wild  Dogs,  a  Spedacle 
which  went  to  his  Heart. 

However  this  Lofs,  which  afflided  him,  and 
particularly  for  the  Sake  of  the  Pilot,  who  was 
an  able  Man,  did  not  quite  caft  him  down;  but 
exerting    himfelf  againft    his     Misfortunes,    he 

caus'd 


"\^  * 


i. 


w 


I  MNV 


in, ' 


'I 

1' 


.y'/if 


i  ., 


ii<' 


■  \ 


f  I 


i-  ,' 


:i 


:.    I 


I  I 


i 

hI 

60 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j"  Second  Voyage 


Jan.  1686  caus'd  Flefh  to  be  dry'd,  and  with  that  and  the 
*"^''*^  other  Provifions  he  viduall'd  the  Bark  la  Belle. 
He  caus'd  it  to  advance  into  the  Bay,  put  a  good 
Number  of  Men  on  Board  to  fecure  it,  among 
whom  were  Monfieur  Chedeville,  the  Priell,  and 
Planterofe  of  Roan^  and  order'd  them  not  to  flir 
from  that  Place  till  they  heard  from  him,  and 
not  to  go  Afhore,  unlefs  with  a  good  Guard  and 
neceflary  Precautions. 

Next,  he  chofe  out  Twenty  Men,  imbark'd 
on  two  Canoes  he  had  left,  and  being  come 
Aihore,  caus'd  the  Canoes  to  be  funk  in  the 
River,  and  every  Man  to  take  up  his  Bundle, 
confiding  of  Arms,  Tools,  fome  Utenfils  for 
the  Kitchin,  a  few  Goods,  to  trade  with  the 
Natives,  if  he  (hould  find  any  fociable,  and 
fo  advanc'd  into  the  Country,  to  try  if  any 
Notice  could  be  had  of  the  MiJJ'tftpi. 

After  feveral  Days  March,  they  came  to  a 
L  M  good  pleafant  River,  which  they  afterwards 
ligne  Ri-  ^^ll'd  la  Maligne.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  marching 
ver.  at  the  Head  of  the    Company,  and   having  or- 

der'd Monfieur  Moranget  to  keep  in  the  Rear; 
it  happen'd  that  Dubaut  flopping  to  mend  his 
Snapfack  and  his  Shoes,  which  were  in  a  bad 
Condition  ;  the  Sieur  Moranget  coming  up,  com- 
manded him  to  March,  he  defired  him  to  (lay 
a  little.  Moranget  would  not,  but  held  on  his 
Way ;  Dubaut  follow'd  fome  Time  after,  but 
having  flay'd  too  long,  he  could  not  overtake 
the  Company,  and  found  himfelf  about 
Night  fall  in  a  Plain  full  of  Weeds,  where  there 
were  feveral  Tracks  of  the  Way  Cattle  had 
gone,  but  knew  not  which  of  them  to  take. 
He  fir'd  his  Piece  feveral  Times,  without  hear- 
ing 


■if'' 


into    NORTH    AMERICA. 


6i 


ing  any  thing  of  his  Company,  and  was  oblig'd  ^'^-  '686 
to  pafs  the  Night  in  that  fame  Place.  ^-'''vx) 

In  the  Morning  he  (hot  again,  fpent  the  Day 
and  Night  again  in  that  Place,  fo  that  not  ^'"'"•'' 
knowing  what  to  do,  he  return'd  the  fame 
Way  he  had  gone,  and  after  a  Month's  March, 
for  he  travell'd  only  by  Night,  for  Fear  of 
meeting  with  the  Savages,  living  upon  what 
I  kill'd  with  much  Difficulty  and  Danger,  ha- 
ving before  fpent  all  his  own  Provifions;  at 
length  after  mod  unaccountable  Hardlhips  and 
Sufferings,  he  arriv'd  at  the  Place  where  the  Ca- 
noes had  been  funk.  He  took  one  of  them  up, 
with  incredible  Labour,  and  too  long  to  relate, 
and  fo  came  to  our  Habitation  of  St.  Lewis. 
Thus  it  pleas'd  God  that  he  who  was  to  be  one 
of  the  Murderers  of  Monfieur  de  la  Sale^  fhciuld 
come  off  fafe,  and  furmount  almoft  infinite 
Dangers. 

This  Account,  which  feem'd  to  carry 
the  Face  of  Probability,  prevail'd  with  me  to 
receive  the  Sieur  Duhaui,  and  in  Reality  I  could 
do  no  otherwife,  and  I  made  it  my  Bufinefs  to 
examine  into  his  Behaviour,  but  could  find 
Nothing  to  lay  to  his  Charge.  We  con- 
tinued fome  Time  longer  as  we  had  been  be- 
fore ;  during  the  which,  I  caus'd  another  lit- 
tle Wooden  Strudure  to  be  made,  of  Timber, 
I  had  got  together,  and  in  it  I  lodg'd  the  Wo- 
men and  Maidens  by  themfelves.  Having  hi- 
therto faid  Nothing  of  the  Situation  of  our 
Dwelling  of  St.  Lewis,  nor  of  the  Nature  of  the 
Country  we  were  in,  I  will  here  venture  upon  a 
plain  but  true  Defcription. 

We  were  in  about  the  27th  Degree  of  North 
Latitude,   two   Leagues  up   the    Country,  near 

the 


\    u     t 


I' 

Mi 


62 

Fi'i.  1686 

Di'fcripti- 
on  of  the 
Country 
an  J  Dwel- 
ling at  St. 
Lewis. 
TheLand. 


If? 


Living 
Great  urej. 


r 


Fijb. 


ill 


4 
I  i 

■    ■ 


s* ' 


VI 


Monpeur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

the  Bay  of  St.  Lewis  and  the  Bank  of  the  Ri- 
ver aux  Bceufs^  on  a  little  Hillock,  whence  we 
difcover'd  vaft  and  beautiful  Plains,  extending 
very  far  to  the  Weftward,  all  level  and  full  of 
Greens,  which  afford  Pafture  to  an  infinite 
^    imber  of  Beeves  and  other  Creatures. 

Turning  from  the  Weft  to  the  Southward, 
there  appear'd  other  Plains  adorn'd  with  feve- 
ral  little  Woods  of  feveral  Sorts  of  Trees.  To- 
wards the  South  and  Eaft  was  the  Bay,  and  the 
Plains  that  hem  it  in  from  the  Eaft ;  to  the 
Northward,  was  the  River  running  along  by  a 
little  Hill,  beyond  which  there  were  other  large 
Plains,  with  fome  little  Tufts  of  Wood  at  fmall 
Diftances,  terminating  in  a  Border  of  Wood, 
which  feem'd  to  us  to  be  very  high. 

Between  that  little  Hill  and  our  Dwelling, 
was  a  Sort  of  Marfti,  and  in  it  Abundance  of 
wild  Foul,  as  Curlies,  Wate**-Hens  and  other 
Sorts.  In  the  Marfh  there  were  little  Pools 
full  of  Fifti.  We  had  alfo  an  infinite  Num- 
ber of  Beeves,  wild  Goats,  Rabbits,  Turkeys, 
Buftards,  Gt.t{t^  Swans,  Feldifares,  Plovers, 
Teal,  Partridges  and  many  other  Sorts  of  Fowl 
fit  to  eat,  and  among  them  one  call'd  le  grand 
Gojier,  or,  the  great  Gullet,  becaufe  it  has  a 
very  large  one;  another  as  big  and  Flefhy  as  a 
Pullet,  which  we  called  the  Spatula,  becaufe  it's 
Beak  is  fhap'd  like  one,  and  the  Feathers  of  it 
being  of  a  pale  Red,  are  very  beautiful. 

As  for  Fifh,  we  had  feveral  Sorts  in  the  Ri- 
ver and  in  the  Lakes  I  have  mention'd.  The  Ri- 
ver afforded  a  Sort  of  Barbies,  differing  from 
ours  in  Roundnefs,  in  their  having  three  Bones 
fticking  out,  one  on  the  Back,  the  others  on 
each  Side  of  the  Head,  and  in  the  Flefh,  which 

is 


into    NORTH    AMERICA. 


63 


Feb.   1686 


is  like  Cod,  and  without  Scales.  The  River  fup- 
ply'd  us  with  Abundance  of  other  Fiihes,  whofe 
Names  we  know  not.  The  Sea  afforded  us 
Oyfters,  Eeles,  Trouts,  a  Sort  of  red  Fifhes 
and  others  whose  long,  fharp  and  hard  Beak 
tore  all  our  Nets. 

We  had  Plenty  both  of  Land  and  Sea  Tor- 
toifes,  whofe  Eggs  ferv'd  to  feafon  our  Sauces.  Tortoifes. 
The  Land  Tortoifes  differ  from  thofe  of  the 
Sea,  as  being  fmaller,  round,  and  their  Shell 
more  beautiful.  They  hide  themfelves  in 
Holes  they  find  or  make  in  the  Earth.  It 
was  looking  for  these  Tortoiles,  that  one  of 
our  Surgeons,  thrult  his  Arm  into  a  Hole,  and 
was  bit  by  fome  venomous  Creature,  which  we 
fuppos'd  to  be  a  Sort  of  Toad,  having  four  Feet, 
the  Top  of  his  Back  fharp  and  very  hard,  with 
a  little  Tail.  Whether  it  was  this  Crea- 
ture, or  a  Snake,  his  Arm  fwelled  very  much, 
however  he  was  cured  by  fuch  Applications  as 
were  made  Ufe  of;  but  it  cod  him  a  Finger 
was  cut  off. 

Among  the  venomous  Sorts  of  Snakes,  as 
Vipers,  Afps  and  others,  whereof  there  are 
many,  thofe  call'd  Rattle-Snakes  are  the  moft 
common.  They  generally  lye  among  the  Bram- 
bles, where  they  make  a  Noife  by  the  Motion 
of  two  Scales  they  have  at  the  End  of  their 
Tail,  which  is  heard  at  a  confiderable  Diftance, 
and  therefore  they  are  call'd  Rattle-Snakes. 
Some  of  our  Men  had  eaten  of  them  and  found 
their  Flelb  was  not  amifs,  and  when  we  had 
kill'd  any  of  them,  our  Swine  made  a  good 
Meal. 

There 


Venomous 
Creatures, 


Rattle- 
Snakes. 


»,  * 


i  ■ 

! 
i 

jrw 


, ! « ■ 


r 


Uii\[ 


,(i.:^ 


'     '  V 


1 1 


t 

: 

i" 

; 

M'  ' 

m 

k 

Feb.    1686 

Al!i?ators. 


Trees. 


64  Monjteur  de  la  S  A  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

There  are  alfo  many  Alligators  in  the  Rivers, 
fome  of  them  of  a  frightful  Magnitude  and 
Bulk.  I  kill'd  one  that  was  between  four  and 
five  Foot  about,  and  twenty  Foot  in  Length, 
on  which  our  Swine  feafled.  This  Creature 
has  very  fhort  Legs,  infomuch  that  it  rather 
drags  along  than  walks,  and  it  is  eafy  to  follow 
the  Trad  of  it,  either  among  the  Weeds  or  on 
the  Sands,  where  it  has  been.  It  is  very  rave- 
nous, and  attacks  either  Men  or  Beafts,  when 
they  are  within  Reach  in  the  River,  and  comes 
alfo  afliore  to  feek  for  Food.  It  has  this  parti- 
cular Quality,  that  it  flies  from  fuch  as  purfue, 
and  purfues  thofe  who  fly  from  it.  I  have  fliot 
muny  of  them  dead. 

The  Woods  are  compofed  of  Trees  of  feveral 
Sorts.  There  are  Oaks,  fome  of  them  ever 
green  and  never  with->ut  Leaves;  others  like 
ours  in  Europe^  bearing  a  Fruit  much  like  our 
Galls,  and  lofe  their  Leaves  in  Winter,  and  a- 
nother  Sort  not  unlike  ours  in  France^  but  the 
Bark  of  them  thicker,  thefe  as  well  as  the  fe- 
cond  Sort  bear  an  Acorn,  differing  from  ours 
both  in  Tafte  and  Bignefs. 

There  is  a  Sort  of  Tree,  which  bears  fmall 
Berries,  which,  when  ripe,  are  red,  and  indif- 
ferent pleafant.  It  bears  twice  a  Year,  but  the 
fecond  Crop  never  ripens.  There  is  another 
Tree,  bearing  a  Fruit  not  unlike  Cajfia^  in  Tafte 
and  Virtue. 

There  are  others  of  the  Sort  I  had  feen  in  the 

Iflands,  whofe  Leaves  are  like  Rackets,  whence 

the  Tree  bears  the  Name.     The  Blolfoms  grow 

out  about   the    Leaves,    and    of  them  comes  a 

Dange-       Fruit  fomewhat  refembling  Figs,  but  the  Leaves 

rous  Fruit,  and  the  Fruit  are  full   of  Prickles,  which  muft 

be 


fe- 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


65 


be  carefully  rubb'd  and  taken   off,  before  it  is  Feb.  1685 
eaten,  elfe  they  dangeroufly  inflame  the  Mouth   '"^''VX) 
and  the  Throat,  and    may    prove   mortal,   as 
happen'd  to  one  of  our  Soldiers,  who  had  eaten 
of  them  too  greedily,  and  without  that  Precau- 
tion. 

I  have  feen  fome  Trees  refembling  the  Palm, 
whofe  lofty  and  long  Brandies  fpread  like  that 
call'd  the  Lafanier,  bearing  a  Fruit,  faid  to  be  in- 
different good.  Others  the  fame  Sort,  but  whofe 
Leaves  are  like  Gutters,  harfli  and  fo  (harp 
pointed,  that  they  will  pierce  the  thickeft  Stuffs. 
This  Tree  has  a  Sprout  on  the  Top,  which  (hoots 
out  Flowers  in  ♦he  Shape  of  a  Nofegay,  of  a 
whitifh  yellow,  and  fome  of  them  at  the  Top 
of  that  Sprout  have  fixty  or  eighty  Flowers 
hanging  down,  not  unlike  the  Flower  de  Luce, 
and  after  thofe  Flowers  follows  a  Fruit  as  long 
as  a  Man's  Finger,  and  thicker  than  the  Thumb, 
full  of  little  Seeds,  fo  that  there  is  fcarce  any 
Thing  but  the  Rhind  fit  to  eat,  the  Tafte 
whereof  is   fweet  and  delicate. 

There  are  Abundance  of  creeping  Vines  f/i„fs, 
and  others,  that  run  up  the  Bodies  and  to  the 
Tops  of  Trees,  which  bear  plenty  of  Grapes, 
flefhy  and  fharp,  not  to  compare  to  the  Deli- 
cacy of  ours  in  Europe;  but  we  made  Verjuice 
of  them,  which  was  very  good  in  Sauce.  Mul- 
berry Trees  are  numerous  along  the  Rivers, 
their  Fruit  is  fmaller,  but  fweeter  and  more 
delicious  than  ours ;  their  Leaves  are  beautiful 
and  large,  which  would  be  of  good  Ufe  for 
feeding  of  Silkworms. 

The   Plains  are  ftrew'd  with  a  Sort  of  fmall  p/ants. 
Sorrel,  the  Leaf  whereof  is    like    Trefoil,  and 
the  Tafte  of  it  (harp  like  ours.     There  are  A- 

F  bundance 


m 


•». '( 


^t^< 


.  I 


■  Iff  ■' 


i    i#     ' 


1  ' 


/.I 


i 


(fr».  .1 


n 


'     \     \ 


i.  f! 


J 


|.  .( 


1 

/ 

} 
1 

1    1 

1 

I 


I'  '!' 

'      Mi 

I 
I 


> 


66  Monfieur  de  la  S  al  e'j  Second  Voyage 

Feb.  1 686  bundance  of  fmall  Onions,  no  bigger  than  the 
^'^'^'^  Top  of  a  Man's  Finger,  but  very  well  tailed, 
and  when  the  Heat  has  fcorch'd  up  the  Plains, 
that  Plant  fhoots  out  firft,  and  produces  Flowers 
which  look  like  an  agreeable  Enamel.  Nothing 
is  more  beautiful  than  to  behold  those  vaft 
Plains,  when  the  BloiToms  appear;  a  thoufand 
Sorts  of  different  Colours,  whereof  many  have 
an  agreeable  Scent,  adorn  thofe  Fields,  and  af- 
ford a  mofl  charming  Objed  to  the  Eye.  I  have 
obferved  fome  that  fmelt  like  a  Tuberofe,  but 
the  Leaf  refembles  our  Borage.  I  have  feen 
Primrofes,  having  a  Scent  like  ours,  African 
Gilliflowers,  and  a  Sort  of  purple  wind  Flowers. 
The  Autumn  Flowers  are  almoft  all  of  them 
yellow,  fo  that  the  Plains  look  all  of  that  Colour. 
The  Climate  is  mild  and  temperate,  tho'  we 
were  in  about  27  Degrees  of  North  Latitude, 
and  yet  the  Seeds  I  caufed  to  be  fow'd  did  not 
thrive ;  whether  it  was  becaufe  they  had  been 
foak'd  in  the  Sea  Water,  or  for  any  other  Rea- 
fon.  Some  came  up  pretty  well,  as  Pompions, 
Melons,  Parfnips  and  Endive  ;  but  the 
Beads  and  the  Infefts,  left  us  not  much. 
When  we  come  to  the  Cents  and  have  traverfs'd 
fo  many  Nations  as  lay  between  us  and  them, 
I  (hall  fpeak  of  the  Religion,  Manners,  Cloath- 
ing,  Houfes  and  Cuftoms  of  the  Natives,  wher- 
in  they  differ  but  little  from  one  another,  tho' 
of  feveral  Countries. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  been  now  long  gone, 
and  we  began  to  be  in  Pain  for  him,  when  a- 
bout  the  Middle  of  March  1686,  hapning  to  be 
on  the  Top  of  the  Houfe,  I  fpied  feven  or  eight 
Perfons  coming  towards  us.  I  prefently  order- 
ed    eight     arm'd     Men     to     follow    me,    to 

go 


I 


V' 


mmm 


w^ 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


67 


■»:,-   K 


gone, 

/hen  a- 

pr  to  be 

•  eight 

order- 

le,    to 


go  meet  them;  and  as  foon  as  we  drew  near  March 
them,  we  knew  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  Monfieur  /^^°^^ 
CaveHer,  his  brother,  Monfieur  Morangety  his 
Nephew  and  five  or  fix  Men  with  them,  the 
reft  being  gone  another  Way  to  find  out  the 
Bark  la  Belle,  to  give  Notice  of  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale's  Arrival. 

They  were  in  a  bad  Condition,  their  Cloaths  Monfieur 
ragged,     Monfieur     Caveliers     fliort    Caflbck  de  la  Sale 
hung  in  Tatters ;  moft  of  them  had  not  Hats,  ^^''"'"'• 
and  their    Linen  was    no   better;  however  the 
Sight    of  Monfieur  de   la  Sale  rejoyc'd  us  all. 
The  Account  he  gave  us  of  his  Journey  reviv'd 
our  Hopes,  tho'   he  had  not   found  the  fatal 
River,  and  we  thought  only  of  making  ourfelves 
as  merry  as  we  could.     Only  the  Sight  of  the 
Sieur   Duhaut   interrupted    it    for   fome    Time. 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  ask'd  me  in  an  angry  Man- 
ner, why  I   had  receiv'd  him,  and  Duhaut  hav- 
ing given  his  Reafons,  as  I  and  my  Men  did, 
we  were  all  fatisfy'd. 

The  next  Day,  the  Sieurs  le  Barbier,  Bihorel,  The  Bark 
le  Petit,   Cavelier,   the    Nephew,   the    Surgeon  1*  ^^^'^ 
and  others,  whom  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  fent    ■>'' 
to  find  out  and  carry  Advice  to  the  Bark  la  Belle, 
return'd,  and  faid  they  could  not  find  her,  which 
was  another  frefli  Caufe  of  Much  Uneafinefs  to 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale.     He  had  been  guilty  of  the 
Fault  of  putting  aboard  her,  his  Cloaths,  his 
Linen,  his   Papers  and  all    his  beft  EfFeds,  of 
all  which  he  was  then  in  the  utmoft  Need.  Be- 
fides,  that  Lofs  broke  all  the  Meafures  he  had 
concerted  during    his  laft    Expedition,  becaufe 
he  hac  refolv'd  to  caufe  the  faid  Bark  to  go  up 
one  of  the  Rivers  he  had  difcover'd,  to  advance 
towards    thofe    Nations    with    whom    he    had 

F2 


con- 


1.;  m 


\ 


\n 


^iv\ 


I  Tit    I 

w 


68  M on  lieu  r  de  la  Sale'j  Second  l^oyage 


March 
1686 


f  \ 


.'•  / 1.1 

4W. 


Monfieur 
de  la  Sale 
fets  out 
upon  ano- 
ther Expe- 
dition. 


contradled  fome  Friendlhip,  and  to  fend  me  in 
the  fame  Bark,  with  his  Nephew  Moranget,  to 
the  Iflands  to  feek  for  fome  Affiftance,  or  elfe 
to  return  by  Sea  to  look  for  his  River. 

All  thele  Deiigns  being  disappointed,  he  re- 
folv'd  to  fet  out  a  fecond  Time,  and  travel  by 
Land,  to  find  out  his  River.  He  ftaid  to  rell 
him  a  while,  and  to  provide  for  his  Departure, 
but  having  neither  Linen  nor  Cloaths,  I  fup- 
ply'd  him  with  fome  I  had;  I  alfo  afforded  fome 
Linen  to  Monfieur  Cavelier^  his  Brother  and 
Monfieur  Morangel,  his  Nephew.  All  I  had  was 
at  their  Service,  and  I  depriv'd  myfelf  of  all 
that  was  fit  for  them,  even  to  ten  or  twelve 
Pounds  of  Strings  of  Beads  and  fome  Knives  and 
Nails,  which  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  took. 

The  Sieur  Dubaut^  having  feveral  Effeds,  as 
Linen,  Hatchets  and  other  Tools  and  Com- 
modities, which  had  been  fav'd  from  the  Ship- 
wreck, Monfieur  de  la  Sale  took  Linen  to  make 
Shirts,  for  fuch  as  wanted,  as  alfo  the  Tools 
they  flood  in  Need  of.  The  Cloaths  belong- 
ing to  Meffieurs  ThibauU,  le  Gros  and  Carpeniier, 
who  were  dead,  were  alfo  diflributed.  A  great 
Belt  I  had,  ferv'd  to  make  Shoes  for  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  and  Monfieur  Cavelier. 

All  Things  being  thus  provided,  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  took  twenty  Men  along  with  him, 
among  whom  were  Monfieur  Cavelier  his  Bro- 
ther, F.  Anajlafius  a  Recolet,  Monfieur  Moran- 
get  his  Nephew,  the  Sieurs  Bihorely  le  Clerk^  Hu- 
rler^ Dubaut  the  younger,  Hiens  iiis  Surgeon, 
and  his  Servants.  He  left  behind  thofe,  who 
were  not  fit  to  undertake  that  fecond  Journey, 
among  whom  were  little  Monfieur  Cavelier  his 
Nephew,  the  Sieur  Barbier,  Canadien  and  fome 

others. 


■i 


mm 


into    NORTH     AMERICA.  69 

others.     Each  of  the  Travellers  made  up   his  ^P*"-  1686 
Pack,  and  they  fet  out  towards  the  latter  End  ^^'''V^-' 
oi  April  1686,  after  having  given  me  the  necef- 
fary  Orders,  and  we  parted  without  Ceremony, 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  defiring  it  fhould  be  fo. 

Some  Days  after  he  was  gone,  I  heard  a 
Voice  towards  the  lower  Part  of  the  River, 
crying  twice  i^«/  vive^  or  who  are  you  for.  I 
made  that  Way,  and  perceiv'd  the  Sieur  Chede- 
ville  a  Pried,  the  Sieur  de  la  Sablonniere^  and 
fome  others  of  thofe  who  had  been  put  aboard 
the  Bark  la  Belle,  and  were  now  in  a  Canoe.  I 
ask'd  abruptly  what  was  become  of  the  Bark, 
and  was  inform'd,  our  continual  Misfortunes 
ftill  purfuing  us,  that  it  had  run  aground  on  the  ^f^hat  was 
other  Side  of  the  Bay.  I  caufed  the  Canoe  to  f'^^^'^  "f 
be  unloaded,  there  being  in  it,  among  other  ,  p  jf 
Things,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale's  Cloaths,  Part 
of  his  Papers,  ibme  Linen,  a  fmall  Quantity  of 
Beads  and  thirty  or  forty  Pound  of  Meal,  which 
was  all  they  had  left. 

The  next   Day,  Monfieur  de  Cbedeville  told  How  the 
me  the  Particulars  of  that  Misfortune,  and  faid,  ^"''^  ^'" 
That  having  been  fome  Time  with  the  Bark,  in    J*' 
the  Place  where  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  ap- 
pointed them  to  wait,  theit  Water  falling  (hort, 
they  had  thought  fit  to  fend  the  Boat  afliore, 
with  four  or  five  Casks  to  fill ;  that  the  Sieur 
Planterofe  went  in  it  with  fix  of  the  bed  Men. 
That  towards   the  Evening  they  faw  the  Boat 
coming  back,  but  the  Wind  being  contrary  and 
Night  coming  on,  they  put  out  a  Light,  which 
going  out  and  the  Captain  negleAing  to  put  up 
another,  in  all  Likelyhood  the  Boat  could  not 
fee  the  Bark,  and  thev  never  heard  of  it  after, 

F  3  nor 


'     V 


r^L 


\  \ 


m    I 


f)?*77 


. '. 


^1 


\ 


70  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  *j"  Second  Voyage 

May  1686  nor  of  any  of  thofe  in  it,  who  it  was  probable 

'■^'"^^^^  had  all  perirti'd. 

That  neverthelefs,  they  continued  fome  Days 
in  the  fame  Place,  during  which  Time  three  or 
four  of  their  Men  died;  and  at  lad,  having  no 
Water,  they  eat  up  their  Swine,  before  they 
died  with  Thirft,  and  refolv'd  to  weigh  Anchor 
and  drav  near  to  the  Dwelling;  but  having 
few  Hands  and  thofe  fpent,  and  to  add  to  their 
Misfortune  *he  Wind  proving  contrary,  they 
were  drove  to  the  other  Side  of  the  Bay,  where 
they  run  aground. 

1  hat  having  no  Boat,  nor  Men  enough  to 
land  their  Effefts,  they  had  endeavour'd  to 
make  a  Float  with  fome  Casks  and  Planks,  but 
that  being  ill  made  and  join'd  together,  the 
firft  that  went  upon  it  had  perifh'd.  That  hav- 
ing made  another  Float  better  faftned  together 
than  the  firft,  they  had  by  that  Means  faved 
fome  Sails  and  Rigging,  feveral  inconfiderable 
Things,  Linen,  Cloaths  and  Papers  belonging 
to  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  and  others,  and  then 
ftay'd  Afhore,  expeding  to  hear  fome  News,  and 
had  found  a  Canoe,  being  the  fame  that  was 
before  loft  on  the  Edge  of  the  Bay,  which  had 
been  drove  to  the  other  Side ;  and  that  Provi- 
fions  at  laft  beginning  to  fall  ftiort,  they  went 
aboard  the  faid  Canoe  and  came  to  us ;  fortu- 
nate in  that  they  had  not  been  difcover'd  by  the 
Natives,  during  their  Stay  Aftiore,  which  was 
for  the  Space  of  three  Months,  and  in  finding 
the  Canoe  to  bring  them  back. 

When  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  went  away,  the 
Sieur  Barbier  had  taken  upon  him  to  go  a  hunt- 
ing, as  alfo  to  provide  Bark  to  cover  our  Hou- 
fes,  inftead  of  Hides,  becaufe  the    Sun  drying 

and 


into    NORTH    AMERICA. 


71 


■■<     \i 


and  contradling  them,  Part  of  the  Top  of  our  J^e  1686 
Buildings  was  uncover'd.  I  farther  enjoyn'd  him  '•'''Wj 
to  cut  Stakes,  to  make  a  Palifade  about  our 
Dwelling,  and  the  Sieur  Chedeville  having  told 
me  they  had  bury'd  feveral  Things  they  could 
not  bring  away,  I  fent  the  Sieur  Barbier  with 
two  Canoes  and  fifteen  Men  to  the  Place,  wher  • 
they  found  fome  Pedreroes,  Rigging  and  Sails. 
The  Natives  having  difcover'd  the  Conceal- 
ment, had  taken  away  fome  Pieces  of  Linen 
and  Iron  Tools,  which  they  very  much  co- 
vet. 

The  Sieur  Barbier  after  his  Return,  continu- 
ing his  Exercife  of  hunting,  happen'd  to  meet 
with  a  Parcel  of  the  Natives,  fome  of  whom 
had  Firelocks,  which  they  had  taken  from  our  Encounter 
Men,  and  with  which  they  made  fome  Shots  at  ^'tf\  f^^ 
him,  but  very  weak;  and  he  firing  three  or  four  ^"^f^^^- 
Shot  at  them  they  retir'd.  He  was  then  in  a 
Canoe  on  the  River,  and  defign'd  to  have  gone 
upwards ;  but  that  Rancounter  having  oblig'd 
him  to  take  another  Way,  and  the  Savages 
perceiving  it,  eight  of  them  fwam  over  the  Ri- 
ver, haftening  to  get  before  the  Canoe,  hid 
themfelves  among  the  Weeds,  near  the  Way 
he  was  to  pafs,  and  when  he  was  near  enough, 
let  fly  their  Arrows,  which  wounded  feveral 
Men.  One  Shot  the  Sieur  Barbier  made,  put 
them  all  to  Flight  again;  he  held  on  his  Way 
and  return'd  to  our  Habitation. 

Some  Days  after,  we  perceiv'd  a  Herd  of 
Bullocks  flying,  and  guefs'd  they  were  purfu'd 
by  the  Savages,  which  afterwards  appear'd  to 
be  true.  Some  of  them  drew  near  to  our  Ha- 
bitation, but  a  Cannon  Shot,  I  pointed  towards 
the  Gang  of  them,  and  a  Musket-fhot   Mon- 

F  4  fieur 


\\\\ 


nfi 


,h; 


' 

1 
\ 

'i 

f 

i 

' 

'  1 

1 

i 


} 


-H 


'    /! 


72 

June  1686 


'I'be  Sieur 

Barbier 

marries. 


Accidents 

coticertting 

theRecolets 


Mon/ieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j  Second  Voyage 

fieur  Barbier  fired  at  the  neareft,  made  them 
all  fly  farther  ofi^ 

When  the  Sieur  Barbier  went  out  a  Hunting, 
I  commonly  fent  with  him  fome  Women  and 
Maids,  to  help  the  Hunters  to  drefs  and  dry 
the  Flelh;  but  being  inform'd  that  he  us'd  to 
flip  afide  from  the  Company,  with  a  young 
Maid  he  had  a  Kindnefs  for,  and  which  gave 
Occafion  to  fome  well-grounded  Railleries; 
the  faid  Barbier  being  told  I  was  acquainted 
with  that  Affair,  came  and  fpoke  to  me  in  pri- 
vate, defiring  Leave  to  marry  that  young  Wo- 
man, I  made  fome  Difficulty  of  it  at  firft,  ad- 
vifing  him  to  fl:ay  till  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  re- 
turn'd;  but  at  laft,  confidering  they  might 
have  anticipated  upon  Matrimony,  I  took  the 
Advice  of  the  Recolet  Fathers,  and  of  Monfieur 
Cbedeville  the  Prieft,  and  allowed  them  to  mar- 
ry. Monfieur  le  Marquis  de  la  Sabloniere  follow- 
ing this  Example,  ask'd  the  fame  Liberty,  be- 
ing in  Love  with  a  young  Maid,  which  I  abfo- 
lutely  refus'd,  and  lorbid  them  feeing  one  ano- 
ther. 

Some  Time  pafs'd  in  which  Nothing  hap- 
pen'd  to  us  worth  obferving ;  however,  I  will 
mention  two  Things  which  befell  our  Recolet 
Fathers.  One  was,  That  Father  Anajiafms^ 
being  a  hunting  Bullocks  with  me,  and  coming 
too  near  one  I  had  fliot,  and  was  fallen,  the 
Beaft,  as  much  hurt  as  he  was,  ftarted  up,  at- 
tack'd  and  threw  him  down;  he  had  much  ado 
to  get  off,  and  I  to  refcue  him,  becaufe  I  durft 
not  fhoot  for  Fear  of  killing  him.  The  Bul- 
lock being  weak,  fell  again  ;  the  Father  was  de- 
liver'd,  but  lay  ill  fome  Months.  The  other 
was,  That  Father  Maximus  had  writ  fome  Me- 
moirs 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 


73 


Duhaut 
Endea- 
vours to  oc- 
cafion  a 


moirs  concerning  Monfieur  de  la  Sales  Condud,  Jf^"^  '686 
condemning  him  upon  feveral  Occafions.    I  was   ^■^^"V'^J 
told  of  it,  found  Means  to  get  tiiofe  Memoirs, 
threw  them   into  the   Fire,  and  fo  the  Father 
came  off. 

About  the  fame  Time,  moft  of  our  Men 
feeing  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  did  not  return,  began 
to  mutter.  The  Sieur  Duhaut,  who  perhaps  had 
been  the  firft  Fomenter  of  thofe  Difcontents, 
back'd  the  Complaints  of  the  difgufted  Party,  Mutiny. 
promis'd  them  great  Matters  under  his  Con- 
dud,  and  offer'd  to  fupply  them  with  fuch  Ef- 
feds  as  he  had  in  Pofleffion,  endeavouring,  as  I 
fuppofe,  by  thofe  Means,  to  gain  their  Affedi- 
ons,  for  a  mifchievous  Defign,  which  it  is  likely 
he  had  even  then  conceiv'd. 

It  was  not  long  before,  I  had  Intimation 
of  the  whole  Affair,  and  I  had  done  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  a  fingular  Piece  of  Service,  had  I  then 
put  to  Death  the  Perfon,  who  was  to  be  his 
Murderer;  but  I  relied  fatisfy'd  with  giving 
him  a  fevere  Reprimand,  and  threat'ning  to 
caufe  him  to  be  fecur'd  if  he  perfifted,  being  able 
to  do  no  other  under  my  prefent  Circumflan- 
ces.  However,  I  talk'd  to  all  concern'd,  and 
put  them  in  fuch  Hopes  of  Monfieur  ^^/«  Sale's 
Return,  and  that  Things  would  foon  change  to 
their  Satisfadion,  that  they  were  ail  paci- 
fy'd. 

But  in  Regard,  that  Idlenefs  often  occafions 
Uneafinefs  and  Impatience,  I  us'd  all  poffible 
Means  to  keep  them  employ'd,  in  the  moil  o- 
bliging  Manner  I  could,  fetting  fome  to  cut 
down  the  Bufhes  about  our  Dwelling,  others  to 
hew  down  Trees,  that  hinder'd  the  Profped,  o- 
thers  mow'd  the  Grafs,  that  frefh  might  grow 

up 


!lh 


['■ 


,  r 


IW77 


m 


M 


1 

1 

') 

J  ■ 

J 

f 

/] 

■■  1 

is 

it 


1-1 1  |i 


74 

7««<r  1 686 


M.  de  la 
Sale's  Dif- 
coveries. 


His  Return 


7   Men  loft 
and  4  de- 
fert. 


Monfteur  de  la  Sale'j-  Second  Voyage 

up  for  our  Cattle,  and  at  Night  I  made  them 
divert  themfelves  with  Dancing  and  Sing- 
ing. 

Wliilft  we  thus    pafs'd  away    the  Time  the 

bed  we  could,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  pene- 
trated very  far  up  into  the  Country,  inclining 
towards  the  Northern  Part  of  Mexico.  He  had 
travell'd  through  feveral  Nations,  the  Inhabi- 
tants whereof  were,  for  the  moft  Part,  fociable, 
and  had  concluded  a  Sort  of  Alliance  with 
them,  and  particularly  with  the  Cenis  and  o- 
thers  whofe  names  I  fhall  mention.  He  had 
difcover'd  charming  Countries  abounding  in  all 
Things  that  could  be  wifh'd,  as  well  for  Sufle- 
nance,  as  for  making  of  eafy  Settlements,  and 
after  he  and  his  Nephew  Moranget  had  efcap'd 
two  Dangerous  Sicknefles,  he  return'd  to  our 
Habitation,  with  five  Horfes  he  had  purchas'd, 
and  arriv'd  at  it  in  Augujl  i686. 

Healing  of  his  Voice,  I  was  one  of  the  firft 
that  ran  towards  the  River:  We  took  our 
Canoes  to  bring  him,  his  Luggage  and  fome  Pro- 
vifions  over,  and  the  Horfes  Iwam.  We  were 
extraordinary  glad  to  fee  our  Commander  in 
Chief  return  fare,  tho'  his  Journey  had  not  ad- 
vanc'd  his  Defign.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had 
not  found  out  his  River,  nor  been  towards  the 
IJlinois  as  we  had  hoped.  Only  eight  Men  re- 
turn'd with  him  of  twenty  he  carry'd  out, 
and  all  the  vifible  advantage  of  that  Journey 
confided  in  five  Horfes,  laden  with  Indian 
Wheat,  Beans  and  fome  other  Grain,  which  was 
put  into  the  Store. 

Monfr.  de  la  Sale  ask'd  me,  as  foon  as  he 
came,  whether  the  Sieurs  Clerc^  Hurie,  Duhaut  the 
younger   and    two    others   were    come,   becaufe 

they 


/«/o   NORTH     AMERICA. 

they  not  being  able  to  endure  the  Fatigue  of 
the  Journey,  he  had  given  them  Leave  to 
return,  and  hearing  they  were  not,  he  conclu- 
ded the  Savages  had  killed  them.  We  were  al- 
fo  inform'd,  that  the  Sieur  Biborely  had  ftray'd 
and  was  loft,  fo  that  there  had  been  no  News 
of  him  fince;  that  one  of  Monfr.  de  la  Sales 
Servants  had  been  dragg'd  down  to  the  Bot- 
tom of  the  Water  and  devour'd  by  an  Alli- 
gator, and  that  four  others  had  deferted  and 
abandon'd  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  when  he  was 
about  the  Country  of  the  Cents. 

This  was  a  very  difmal  and  deplorable  Ac- 
count; but  the  even  Temper  of  our  Chief  made 
all  Men  eafy,  and  he  found,  by  his  great  V'vacity 
of  Spirit,  Expedients,  which  reviv'd  the  loweft 
Ebb  of  Hope.  He  rejoiced  at  the  Return  and 
Sight  of  M.  Cbedeville,  he  was  pleas'd  at  the  Re- 
covering of  his  Cloaths  and  Part  of  his  Papers; 
and  after  fome  Time  of  Reft,  he  propos'd  to 
undertake  a  Journey  towards  the  IJlinoiSy  and  to 
make  it  the  main  Bufinefs,  by  the  Way,  to  find 
the  MiJJiftpi\  but  it  was  thought  proper  to  let 
the  great  Heats  pafs,  before  that  Enterprize 
was  taken  in  Hand. 

In  the  mean  Time,  he  gave  Orders  to  ftake 
about  a  Place  to  make  a  New  Magazine,  or 
Storehoufc.  He  put  to  that  Use  the  Timber  I 
had  caus'd  to  be  cut,  and  would  have  more  pro- 
vided for  the  fame  Ufe.  Detachments  being 
fent  to  work,  feven  or  eight  of  our  Men,  who 
were  fent  with  the  Sieur  Barbier,  were  difco- 
ver'd  by  the  Savages,  who  being  fuperior  in 
Number,  made  as  if  they  would  hem  them  in; 
but  each  of  our  Men  having  taken  a  Tree  up- 
on their  Shoulders  and  fir'd  t'leir  Pieces,  which 

made 


7S 

Sept.  1686 


M.  de  la 
Sale  re- 
fo/ves  up- 
on a  third 
Expedition. 


'i''> 


(1  .1 


\ 


I 


^'IfTT 


76 


Monjieur  de  la  S  A  l  k  '/  Second  Voyage 


Two  Men 
kiird. 


U  \ 


r 


\    1 


il 


^: 


1       ', 


made  one  of  the  Natives  drop,  the  others  took 
him  up  and  withdrew.  Yet  it  was  not  long  be- 
fore they  were  reveng'd,  for  they  kill'd  us  two 
Men,  one  of  them  cTofe  by  our  Dwelling,  and 
the  other,  who  had  feparated  from  the  reft  of 
the  Company  to  gather  Purflain,  and  could  not 
be  reliev'd. 

There  being  every  Day  fome  Difcourfe  of 
the  Journey  to  the  Ijlinois^  Monfieur  de  la  Sale 
ask'd  me  one  Day,  whether  I  would  make  one 
of  the  Company,  and  go  by  the  Way  of  Canada 
to  France  for  Succours.  I  afliired  him  I  was 
entirely  devoted  to  his  Will,  and  would  faith- 
fully attend  him.  Then  he  began  by  Degrees 
to  provide  what  he  thought  neceflary  for  that 
Expedition.  I  had  two  Pair  of  Sheets,  which 
he  took,  to  make  him  Linen.  Canvas  Cloaths 
were  made  of  the  Sails  of  the  Bark  la  Belle. 
The  Sieur  Dubaut  having  Linen,  he  took  fome 
to  didribute  among  feveral  Perfons.  Thus  he 
haded  on  the  Execution  of  his  Defign,  but  an 
Accident  put  it  off. 
Nov.  1686  It  was  occafion'd  by  a  Flux  which  troubled 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  who  having  told  me  he 
could  not  perform  that  Journey,  as  long  as  he 
continued  in  fuch  condition,  I  offer'd  to  under- 
take it  for  him,  if  he  would  allow  me  his  Indian, 
and  about  fifteen  Men ;  but  he  anfwer'd.  That 
his  Prefence  was  requifite  among  the  IJlinois,  and 
that  it  was  requifite  his  Brother  Ihould  go  to 
France.  Thus  he  refus'd  my  Offer,  and  could 
not  fhun  the  ill  Fate  of  that  Journey. 

We  fpent  fome  Time  longer  after  this  Man- 
ner, during  the  which,  there  arofe  a  Contro- 
verfy  about  the  Privileges  the  King  grants  to 
the  Firft-born  of  the  French  Colonies  in  Ameri- 


Dec.  1686 


ca. 


r 


ca. 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

ta.  1  he  Sicur  Barbier\  wife  was  with  Child, 
and  he  claim'd  the  Privilege  granted  for  that 
Child.  The  Widow  'Valon  had  a  Child  born  in 
the  Paflage  from  trance  to  America^  and  alledg'd, 
that  her  Child,  tho'  born  before  our  Arrival, 
ought  to  be  preferr'd ;  but  the  Sieur  Barbier\ 
Wife  mifcarrying,  the  Difpute  was  not  de- 
cided. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  being  recover'd  of  his  In- 
difpofition.  Preparations  were  again  made  for 
his  Journey;  but  we  firil  kept  the  Chriftmas  Ho- 
ly-Days. The  Midnight  Mafs  was  folemnly 
lung,  and  on  '■Twelve-Day^  we  cry'd,  The  King 
drinks,  {according  to  the  Cujlom  of  France)  tho' 
we  had  only  Water:  When  that  was  over  we 
began  to  think  offetting  out.  Monfieur  ^«?  A/ 
Sale  gave  the  Command  of  the  Settlement  to  the 
Sieur  Barbier,  direfting  him  what  he  was  to  do 
and  obferve  in  his  Abfence. 

There  remain'd  in  that  Habitation,  the  Fa- 
thers Maximus  and  ZenobiuSy  Recolets,  Monfieur 
Chedeville,  the  Prieil,  the  Marquis  de  la  Sablon- 
nierey  the  Sieur  Barbier,  Commander,  his  Wife, 
a  Surgeon  and  others,  to  the  Number  of  twen- 
ty, among  whom  were  feven  Women,  or  Maids, 
and  only  the  Sieur  Barbier  marry'd;  which  is 
much  Ihort  of  the  Number  fome  have  given  out 
remain'd  in  the  Dwelling,  without  any  Ground; 
for  the  Truth  is,  there  were  no  more,  and  par- 
ticularly no  Natives,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  having 
abfolutely  forbid  holding  any  Communication 
with  them.  As  for  Beads,  they  amounted  to 
feventy,  or  feventy  five  Swine,  great  and  fmall, 
which  was  a  good  Stock;  for  Fowl,  eighteen 
or  twenty  Hens;  fome  Casks  of  Meal,  which 

was 


77 

Jan.  1687 


Controvtr- 
sy  about 
Privilege. 


U'ho  were 
left  in  the 
Settlement 
when  M. 
dc  la  Sale 
departed. 


f 


mi 


f„ 


¥:\ 


'7 


;; 


'■d 


r\ 


i 

'      1 

I 
1 

1     ! 

\ 

V\'\ 


78 

Jan.  1687 

Perfons 
that  fet  out 
with  M.  de 
la  Sale. 


The  fVay 
they  tra- 
vel r^i. 


Monjieur  de  la  S  A  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

was  kept  for  the  Sick;  Powder,  Ball,  and  eight 
Pieces  of  Cannon,  without  any  Bullets. 

We  fet  out  the  12th  of  January ,  in  the 
Year  1687,  being  feventeen  in  Number,  viz. 
Monfieur  de  la  Sa/e,  Monfieur  Cavelier^  the 
Pried,  his  Brother,  Father  AnaJIaJius^  the  Re- 
colet,  Meffieurs  Moranget  and  Cavelier,  Ne- 
phews to  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  the  Sieurs  Du- 
hauty  the  Elder,  r Arcleveque,  Hiens,  Liotot, 
Surgeon,  young  Taloriy  an  Indian,  and  a  Foot- 
man belonging  to  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  &c. 
We  carried  along  with  us  Part  of  the  befl: 
Things  every  Man  had,  and  what  was  thought 
would  be  of  Ufe,  wherewith  the  five  Horfes 
were  loaded,  and  we  took  our  Leaves  with 
fo  much  Tenderness  and  Sorrow,  as  if  we 
had  all  prefaged,  that  we  (hould  never  fee 
each  other  more.  Father  Zenobius  was  the 
Perfon  who  exprefs'd  it  to  me  mod  fignifi- 
cantly,  faying.  He  had  never  been  fo  fenfi- 
bly  touch'd  at  parting  with  any   Body. 

We  went  that  Day  to  the  Place  v/e  call'd 
le  Boucon,  becaufe  there,  we  had  often  dry'd 
Flefh,  (^which  the  French  call  Boucanner  from 
the  Indian  IVord)  This  Place  was  not  far  from 
our  Habitation.  The  13th,  we  crofs'd  a  Plain, 
about  two  Leagues  over,  where  we  faw  feve- 
ral  Herds  of  Beeves  and  Flocks  of  Goats,  Tur- 
keys, Buftards,  and  other  Sorts  of  Wild  Fowl. 
We  met  with  Marfhy  Lands,  which  tired  our 
Horfes,  and  came  to  a  Wood  that  termi- 
nates the  Plain,  across  which,  runs  a  Branch 
of  a  River,  full  of  Reeds,  by  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  call'd  the  Princefs\  River.  That  Branch 
joins  the  other,  and  they  both  fell  together  into 
the  Bay  of  St.  Lewis. 

We 


\y 


M:i 


M:. 


% 


VIZ. 

,   the 
Re- 
Ne- 
Du- 
iotot, 
Foot- 
&c. 
beft 
aught 
[orfes 
with 
if  we 
r   fee 
the 
gnifi- 
fenfi- 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

We  kill'd  five  Beeves  at  the  Entrance  into 
the  Wood,  forded  the  River,  and  incamp'd 
Haifa  League  beyond  it,  whence  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale  fent  Men  with  the  Horfes,  to  bring  the 
Flefh  of  the  Bullocks  we  had  kill'd;  the  Hides 
of  them,  which  ferv'd  to  cover  us,  being  very 
ufeful  againft  a  violent  Shower  of  Rain 
that   fell. 

Tht  14th,  the  Riin  ceafing,  we  travell'd  o- 
ver  ar  other  fpacioas  Plain,  where  there  is  a 
Multitude  of  Beeves  and  Wild  Fowl.  We 
faw  feveral  Tracks,  leading  every  Way,  made 
by  the  Bullocks,  )r  which  we  faw  feveral 
Herds,  fome  moving  on  haftily,  and  others 
running  out-right,  which  made  us  fuppofe  they 
were  drove  by  the  Natives.  In  fhort,  having 
halted  to  help  up  one  of  our  Horfes  that  was 
fallen,  we  faw  an  Indian  following  them  very 
clofe.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  caus'd  a  Horfe  to 
be  immediately  unloaded,  which  a  Man  mount- 
ing, rode  after,  overtook  and  brought  the 
Indian. 

When  the  Savage  faw  himfelf  among  us,  he 
concluded  he  was  a  lofl  Man,  he  quak'd  for 
Fear,  and  not  without  Reafon,  for  moft  of  our 
Men  had  refolv'd  to  kill  him ;  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale  oppos'd  it,  alledging,  that  we  were  but  a 
fmall  Number,  that  very  few  were  left  behind 
at  the  Habitation,  and  therefore  we  ought  not 
to  render  our  felves  odious  to  the  Natives,  but 
to  use  them  kindly,  that  we  might  have  Peace ; 
an  infallible  Maxim,  the  Pradlice  of  which 
might  have  been  fortunate  to  him,  had  he  fol- 
low'd  it  fooner. 


He 


79 

Jan.    1687 


t 


I  i 


\- 


;  i 


4i 


f  I 


i 


.'h, 


^W7W^ 


'.I 


||.M 


'  I 


'Ja/i.   1687 


80  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

He  therefore  caus'd  a  Fire  to  be  made,  gave 
him  to  Eat  and  Smoke,  and  afterwards  a  Bit  of 
Koil-Tabacco,  and  fome  other  Trifles.  Mon- 
lieur  de  la  Sale  gave  him  to  underftand,  that  he 
came  not  to  hurt  any  Man,  but  to  fettle  Peace 
in  all  Places,  and  fo  difmifs'd  him.  The  Indian 
recover'd  himfelf  a  little  of  his  Fright;  but 
being  flill  dubious,  what  his  Fate  might  be,  he 
at  firft  walk'd  away  gently,  flill  looking  about 
him,  and  when  at  a  good  Diflance,  made  off  as 
faft  as  he  could.  We  held  on  our  Way,  and 
foon  after  faw  another  Indian  running  after  the 
Bullocks.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  caus'd  him  to  be 
taken,  brought  to  us,  and  treated  as  the  firft 
had  been. 

We  had  not  gone  far  before  we  fpy'd  a  Com- 
pany of  Natives  coming  towards  us,  on  our  left, 
but  we  held  on  our  Way,  till  they  were  over 
againft  us,  when  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  caus'd  us 
to  halt.  The  Savages  feeing  us  halt.  Hood  flill 
alfo,  which  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  perceiving,  he 
laid  his  Firelock  on  the  Ground,  and  advanc'd 
towards  them,  making  figns  to  him  that  Com- 
manded them,  who  was  a  handfome  Man,  to 
draw  near.  That  Indian  came  forward,  and 
was  follow'd  by  the  refl,  all  of  them  Caref- 
fing  us  after  their  Manner,  which  we  return'd 
the  beft  we  were  able,  and  then  made  them 
Smoak. 
Natives  Next  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  gave  them  to  un- 
entertain'd  derfland,  that  we  ^vere  going  towards  the  Cenis^ 
that  we  defir'd  to  be  at  Peace  with  them  all,  and 
that  we  would  return  to  our  own  Country, 
whence  we  would  bring  them  all  they  had  Oc- 
cafion  for.  Then  we  diftributed  among  them 
fome    Bits    of  Roll-Tabacco,   fome    Strings    of 

Beads 


1^ 


into  NORTH     AMERICA. 


8i 


of 


Beads  and  Knives,  which  they  feem'd  to  be  J""-  '687 
pleas'd  with,  and  all  this  was  done  by  Signs,  ^"^^t**^ 
Then  every  Man  went  his  own  Way: 
We  advanc'd  half  a  League  farther,  to  get  into 
a  Wood,  where  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  en- 
camp'd  when  he  went  that  Way  before;  we 
cut  down  Trees  to  fecure  our  Pofl:,  and  lay 
there  that  Night. 

Before  our  Intrenchment  was  finifli'd,  we  dif- 
cover'd,  firft  one  Indiariy  then  two,  and  after- 
wards three,  coming  one  after  another;  which 
giving  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fome  Jealoufy,  he 
caus'd  us  to  handle  our  Arms,  with  Orders  to 
(land  upon  our  Guard,  for  fear  of  being  fur- 
priz'd,  and  went  towards  them.  They  figni- 
fy'd  to  him,  that  their  People  had  told  them, 
we  did  not  hurt  any  Body,  which  was  very  well, 
and  that  they  were  come  to  fee  us.  They  were 
entertain'd  as  the  others  had  been,  and  then 
Signs  were  made  them  to  withdraw,  becaufe 
Night  drew  on,  and  having  obferv'd,  that  they 
took  Notice  of  our  fortifying  our  felves,  we 
kept  a  good  Guard  all  the  Night,  without  any 
Difturbance. 

The  Fifteenth,  we  march'd  on,  intending  to 
nnd  out  a  Ford,  in  the  River  call'd  of  the  Princefsy 
where  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  pafs'd  before; 
but  miffing  of  it,  and  the  River  being  fwollen, 
we  were  oblig'd  to  go  up  higher,  fometimes 
croffing  curious  Meadows,  and  fometimes 
Woods  of  tall  Trees  of  feveral  Sorts,  but  all  Af„e 
Young  of  the  fame  Thicknefs  and  ftrait,  look-  Country. 
ing  as  if  they  had  been  planted  by  a  Line.  The 
River  running  through  the  midft  of  thofe  curi- 
ous fhady   Groves,  which  were  alfo  water'd  by 

G  feveral 


r: 


»  1:1 


•    I 


■H'i.  ' 


k 


II 


yt\ 


^1 


f/„ii , 


I,  i    ' 

Mi/.. 


i 


!:; 


/'    ! 


1 1 


I  » 


82 

y^;/.   1687 

Thick 

Woods. 


Wild  Fowl. 


An  Indian 
Village  a- 
bandon^  d. 


Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j-  Second  Voyage 

feveral  little  Brooks  of  very  clear  and  good 
Water,  afforded  a  mofl  delightful  Landskip. 

We  alfo  met  with  fome  Woods  fo  thick,  that 
that  it  was  requisite  to  hew  a  Paflage  for  the 
Horfes.  Towards  the  Evening  we  kill'd  a 
Bullock,  and  went  to  incamp  in  a  little  Cop- 
pice, with  our  ufual  Precautions. 

The  1 6th,  we  continued  our  Journey,  dill 
following  the  River  upwards,  and  from  Time 
to  Time  meeting  the  fame  Sort  of  Failure 
Grounds  and  the  Obftacles  of  Woods,  where 
we  were  fain  to  cut  our  Way  through,  which 
fatigued  us  very  much;  but  the  Plenty  of  wild 
Fowl,  and  particularly  of  Turkeys,  whereof 
we  killed  many,  was  an  Eafe  to  our  Sufferings, 
and  Help  to  bear  our  Toil  with  more  Satif- 
fadion. 

The  17th,  was  a  very  toilfome  Day's  Journey, 
by  Reafon  of  the  Woods  and  Rivulets  we  were 
to  crofs;  after  which  we  came  to  a  little  Hill, 
on  which  there  were  1  or  300  Cottages  of  the 
Natives.  Those  Huts  were  like  large  Ovens, 
confifting  of  long  Poles  fluck  in  the  Earth 
in  a  Circle,  and  joyning  above  to  make  the  Dome 
or  round  Top.  They  had  been  a  Dwelling  of 
the  Natives,  v:ho  being  gone,  had  carry'd  a- 
way  the  Hides  that  cover'd  them,  and  the  Mats 
which  are  us'd  to  hang  the  Infides,  and  to  make 
heir  beds  of 

After  a  March  of  fome  Hours,  our  Indian  ha- 
ving found  a  Herd  of  Beeves,  we  kill'd  feven  or 
eight,  took  the  bed  of  the  Meat,  and  held  on  our 
Way  acrofs  a  Wood.  We  ford'd  a  Branch  of 
the  River,  and  proceeded  to  the  Bank  of  another, 
the  Bottom  whereof  being  foul,  we  in- 
camp'd  on  the  Edge  of  it,  and  the  Rain  falling 

at 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

at  Night  and  continuing  all  the  next  Day,  were 
oblig'd  to  (lay  there. 

The  19th,  the  Rain  ceafing,  we  proceeded 
through  a  thick  Fog,  and  over  Places  where 
the  Water  was  often  up  to  our  Knees,  and 
fometimes  higher;  which,  together  with  our 
being  forc'd  to  cut  the  Way  athwart  the  Bullies, 
with  our  Hatchets,  giive  us  inexpreffible  Trou- 
ble, and  it  had  been  much  greater,  had  we  not 
refolv'd  to  follow  the  Ways  beaten  by  the 
Bullocks,  whom  a  natural  Inftind  always  leads 
to  those  Parts  which  are  eafiest  to  pafs. 

We  were  not  free  from  another  Inconveni- 
ency  in  thofe  Tracks,  which  was  their  being 
full  of  Water  and  very  rugged,  a  Thing  no 
Way  agreeable  to  our  Shoes,  which  were  no 
other  than  a  Piece  of  Bullocks  Hide  or  Goats 
Skin  quite  green,  whereof  we  made  a  sort  of 
Buskins,  to  ferve  inftead  of  Shoes,  but  when 
thofe  wretch'd  Boots  were  dry'd  by  the  Heat, 
upon  our  Feet,  they  hurt  us  very  much,  and 
we  were  often  oblig'd  to  fet  our  Feet  in 
the  Water  to  foften  thofe  Buskin?.  However, 
we  march'd  all  the  Day,  notwljhftanding  all 
thofe  Inconveniences,  without  finding  a  proper 
Place  to  incamp,  and  at  laft  came  to  a  River, 
whofe  high  Bank  afforded  us  a  Spot  to  reft  on. 

The  20th,  a  fmall  Rain  did  not  obftrud  our 
March,  and  having  crofs'd  a  Wood,  half  a 
League  athwart,  and  a  Marfh  of  the  fame  Ex- 
tent, we  came  into  a  large  Plain,  cut  acrofs  by 
great  Tracks  of  Bullocks,  which  went  towards 
the  River,  and  made  us  fuppofe  there  might 
be  a  Ford.  We  foUow'd  that  Way,  but  found 
the  River  fo  fwollen,  and  its  Stream  fo  rapid, 
that  it  was  impoffible  to  crofs  it,  but  were  o- 

G  2  blig'd 


83 
Jan.   1687 


Buskhts  of 
raw  Hides 
inftead  of 
Shoes. 


f\ 


V 


>l  li 


f 


mi^M^ 


-taatmti 


mr 


'\ 


H 


i 


i 

( 

i       ^1^ 

\ 

'■  i    '1 

^  1 

Iji! 


84 


Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j-  Second  Voyage 


Hebaha- 
mo,  Indi- 
an Nation. 


'■/'i 


Jan.  1687  blig'd  to  halt  upon  its  Bank,  whence  we  went  to 
^"^^^^  hunt  Bullocks,  whereof  we  had  no  want,  nc.  of 
Turkeys  and  other  wild  Fowl. 

The  2ith,  we  proceeded  up  that  River,  and 
found  a  narrow  deep  Place,  near  which  we 
hew'd  down  a  Tree,  making  it  fall  fo  as  to 
reach  from  the  one  Bank  to  the  other,  in  the 
Nature  of  a  Plank,  and  handed  our  Baggage 
from  one  to  another  over  it.  The  Horfes  fwam 
over  and  we  incamp'd  on  the  other  Side,  near 
a  very  beautiful  Plain. 

Whilft  we  were  hewing  down  fome  little 
Wood  to  intrench  ourfelves,  we  heard  a  Voice, 
whereupon  handling  our  Arms  and  going  to  the 
Place  where  we  heard  it,  we  faw  a  Company  of 
fifteen  Savages,  who  were  coming  towards  us, 
and  made  Signs  to  us  to  go  to  them,  laying 
down  their  Bows,  in  Token  of  Peace.  We  alfo 
made  our  Sign  to  them  to  diaw  near,  they  did 
fo  and  carefs'd  us  after  their  Manner.  We  made 
them  fit  down  and  fmoke,  after  which,  Monfr. 
de  la  Sale  began  to  converfe  with  them  by  Signs, 
and  by  Help  of  fome  Words  of  the  Language  of 
the  Cenis^  which  he  was  skilful  in,  he  underflood, 
that  thefe  were  their  Neighbours  and  Allies; 
that  their  Village  was  not  far  off,  and  that  their 
Nation  was  call'd  Hebahamo.  Some  fmall  Presents 
were  given  them,  and  they  withdrew,  promifing 
to  return  the  next  Day. 

The  22th,  our  Horses  being  fpent  and  hurt, 
and  we  much  tir'd,  the  Day  was  given  to  Reft, 
and  the  Natives  did  not  fail  to  come,  being 
twenty  five  in  Number,  fome  of  whom  had  Buck- 
lers or  Targets  made  of  the  ftronglt  Part  of  the 
Bullocks  Hides.  They  gave  us  to  underftand, 
that  they  were  ingag'd  in  War  towards  the  NfV. 

and 


1  / 


'  I 


r 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

and  told  us,  they  had  feen  Men  like  us,  who 
were  but  ten  Days  Journey  from  that  Place. 
Other  Tokens  they  gave,  made  us  fuppofe  it 
was  New  Spain  that  they  talk'd  of. 

Monfr.  de  la  Sale  took  feveral  Words  of  their 
Language,  which  is  very  different  from  that  of 
the  CeniSy  and  more  difficult.  As  for  their  Cu- 
ftomSjthey  are  much  alike.  In  fine,  having  (hewn 
us,  that  towards  the  N.  W.  we  (hould  meet  with 
Plains,  where  the  Way  would  be  eafier,  and  we 
Ihould  fliun  the  Woods,  we  gave  them  to  eat, 
and  fome  Prefents,  and  they  took  Leave  of  us. 
A  Rain  falling  and  holding  all  the  Night,  we 
did  not  march  the  24th.  The  25th,  we  travell'd 
not  far,  by  Reafon  of  the  Rains  continuing,  and 
that  there  were  feveral  Rivers  in  the  Way 
much  fwollen. 

The  1 6th,  we  proceeded  on  our  Journey,  and 
came  to  the  River  call'd  la  Sabloniere,  from  the 
many  Sand  Banks  there  are  in  it.  The  27th,  de- 
parting from  it,  we  came  to  another  little  nar- 
row River,  but  very  deep;  going  up  higher  we 
found  a  Ford,  and  went  to  incamp  beyond  it,  in 
a  little  Wood,  where  we  had  a  very  bad  Night, 


becaufe  of  the  Rain  which  fell 


agam. 


and  the  o- 


verflowingof  the  River,  which  oblig'd  us  to  make 
a  little  Sort  of  Scaffold,  to  lay  our  Powder  and 
Cloaths  on,  that  they  might  not  be  wet.  The 
next  Day  being  the  28th,  obferving  that  the 
Water  was  dill  rifing,  we  decamp'd  to  go  a 
League  farther,  to  a  higher  Ground,  where  we 
made  a  great  Fire  to  warm  and  dry  us. 

We  took  Notice  the  Country  was  very  good, 
the  Plains  extending  as  far  as  the  Eye  could  reach, 
and  adorn'd  with  many  little  Coppices,  affording 
a  very  agreeable  Profpedl.  We  march'd  over 
Part  of  them  the  29th  and  joth,  after  3  Hours 

G  3  Travel, 


8s 


Jan.   1687 


I    .,'f  i 


\  t 


Si 


\* 


f 


h^ 


Mfl 


I 


\ 


^ 


"WTV 


86 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e  *j  Second  Voyage 


1  I-  I 


11 


(jf , 


i!     I' 


/V^.  1687  Travel,  found  a  Way  full  of  Water,  which  oblig'd 
^'^^C^   us  to  incampon  the  Bank  of  a  River;  pafs'd  it  the 

31th,  and  incamp'd  in  a  Wood  clofe  by. 
Village  in-  The  next  Day,  being  the  Firft  of  February 
habited.  1 687,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  left  me  to  guard  the 
Camp,  and  took  along  with  him,  Monfieur  Ca- 
velier  his  Brother  and  feven  Men,  to  go  fee 
whether  he  could  find  any  Body  in  feveral  Cot- 
tages our  Hunters  had  difcover'd.  He  found 
twenty  four  or  twenty  five  of  them,  built  round 
like  thofe  I  have  before  mention'd,  (landing 
on  a  rifing  Ground,  almoft  encompafs'd  by  the 
River,  in  each  of  which  there  were  four  or  five 
Men,  and  feveral  Women  and  Children. 

The  Savages  were  fomewhat  furpriz'd  at 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale's  coming;  however  they 
receiv'd  him  in  friendly  Manner,  and  conduct- 
ed him  to  their  Commander's  Hut,  which  was 
immediately  fill'd  with  People,  who  came  to  fee 
him.  The  Elders  came  together  there.  Bul- 
locks Hides  were  laid  upon  the  Ground,  on 
which  they  made  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  and  his 
Company  fit.  They  gave  them  hung  Beef  to 
eat,  and  then  fienify'd  to  them  that  fome 
of  their  Allies  had  given  them  Notice  of 
our  being  in  the  Country,  and  that  we  were 
going  to  the  Cents,  and  they  had  imagin'd  that 
we  would  pafs  thro*  their  Country. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  prefent'd  them  with  fome 
Knives  and  Bits  of  Tabacco,  and  they  gave  him 
Bullocks  Hides,  very  well  drefs'd  with  the  Hair, 
they  gave  one  for  a  Knife,  and  would  have  gi- 
ven many  more,  but  that  we  told  to  them, 
that  we  had  no  Conveniency  to  carry  them  and 
that  if  they  had  any  Horfes,  he  would  give 
them  Axes  in  Exchange.  They  anfwer'd,  they 
had  but  two,  which   they  could  not  part  with. 


itl.KH. 


inta   NORTH     AMERICA. 


87 


It  being  late  when  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  return'd,  Feb.  1687 
we  ftaid  there  the  reft  of  the  Day,  and  feveral   ^"'''VNJ 
Indians  came  to  fee  us,  in  Hopes  of  receiving 
fome  Prefent,  offering  us  Bullocks  Hides  dreffed, 
which  we  would  not  burden  our  felves  with. 

The  Second,  we  fet  out  again,  and  halted 
fome  Time  in  that  Village,  where  by  the  Way 
we  barter'd  for  fome  Collars,  or  a  Sort  of  Knots 
made  of  Bullocks  Hides  well  drefs'd,  which  the 
Natives  make  Ufe  of  to  carry  their  Burdens, 
whether  of  Wood,  Utenfils,  or  the  Meat  they 
kill.  They  prov'd  of  Ufe  both  to  us  and  our 
Horfes,  becaufe  the  Thongs  of  thofe  Collars 
ferv'd  to  make  faft  our    Burdens. 

We  proceeded  on  our  Journey,  through  a 
Country  pleasant  enough,  but  Sandy,  and  hav-  ?  "' . 
ing  crofs'd  a  large  Plain,  came  to  the  Bank  of  ^^"^ 
a  fine  River,  call'd  la  Maligne^  or  the  Mifchie- 
vous,  becaufe  in  Monfieur  de  la  Sale's  former 
Journey,  an  Alligator  devour'd  one  of  his  Ser- 
vants, who  was  fwimming  over  it.  This  River 
is  as  wide  as  the  Seine  at  Roan,  feems  to  be  very 
navigable  and  has  a  very  pleafant  Country  a- 
bout  it.  We  incamp'd  in  a  little  Wood  adjoin- 
ing to  it,  and  bark'd  the  Afpen  Trees  to  hut. 

Our  Hunters  kill'd  Beeves,  wild  Goats,  Tur- 
keys and  other  Wild-Fowl,  and  among  the  Indian 
reft  fome  Creatures  as  big  as  an  indifferent  Cat,  Rats. 
very  like  a  Rat,  having  a  Bag  under  their 
Throat,  in  which  they  carry  their  Young.  They 
feed  upon  Nuts  and  Acorns,  are  very  fat,  and 
their  Flefh  is  much  like  Pig. 

Hard  by  there,  we  found  a  Place  where 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  in  his  former  Journey  had 
hid  fome  Parcels  of  Strings  of  Beads  in  the 
Trunks  of  Trees,  and  we  refted  there  till  the 
Eighth  of  the  Month.     During  that  Time,  no 

G  4  Day 


^  1 

11 

i" 

rH 

■iml 

<\  ; 


■I     \ 


If  .< 


•I  f 


f 

] 


I 


I 


88 


Monfteur  de  la  Sale  'j  Second  Voyage 


Portable 
Canoe. 


Feb.  1687  Day  pafs'd  without  feeing  fome  of  the  Natives, 
^^"^''^  who  fcmetimes  fpent  the  whole  Pay  with  us, 
and  faid  they  were  of  fevetal  Nations.  We 
made  them  fmoke,  and  always  gave  them  fome 
fmall  Prefents.  They  admir'd  that  after  we 
had  writ  down  fome  Words  they  fpoke  to  us, 
we  repeated  them,  looking  on  the  Paper. 

Whilft  we  (laid,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fct  Men 
at  Work  to  make  a  portable  Canoe,  of  long 
Poles,  hew'd  and  joyn'd  and  then  cover'd 
with  Bullocks  Hides  few'd  together,  having 
puU'd  off  the  Hair  or  Wooll,  as  it  may  be  call'd 
there.  That  Canoe  was  of  great  Ufe  to  us,  to 
crofs  Rivers  as  well  for  our  felves  as  for  our  Bag- 
gage, but  the  Horfcs  fwam  over. 

The  Ninth,  we  put  our  Canoe  into  the  Water, 
and  pafs'd  the  River  in  it,  and  incamp'd  half  a 
League  from  thence,  on  Account  of  the  Grnfs, 
which  our  Horfes  ftood  in  Need  of  to  recover 
themfelves  a  little.  The  Tenth,  we  held  on 
our  Journey,  croffing  feveral  fpacious  Plains, 
the  Grafs  whereof  was  burnt,  whence  MonHeur 
de  la  Sale  concluded,  that  there  were  many  Na- 
tives thereabouts.  He  thought  it  convenient  to 
provide  Store  of  dry'd  Flefh,  for  Fear  we  fhould 
not  find  Game  in  the  Country  we  were  going 
to  enter  upon,  and  accordingly  caufed  feveral 
Beeves  to  be  kill'd  for  that  Purpofe. 

For  that  Reafon,  we  continued  there  till  the 
1 2th,  when  we  went  and  incamped  on  the 
Bank  of  a  River,  which  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had 
in  his  former  Journey  call'd  d'Eure.  At  Night 
there  arofe  a  florm,  follow'd  by  Thunder  and 
Rain,  which  fwell'd  the  Streams,  and  obliged 
us  to  ftay  there.  The  13  th  and  14th  we  crofs'd 
four   or  five    large    Rivulets,    and    then  a   fine 

curious 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

curious  Country,  diverfify'd  with  feveral  little 
Woods,  Hills  and  fmall  Brooks,  affording  a  de 
lightful  Profped:.  That  pleafant  Country  was 
terminated  by  a  Wood,  which  we  were  to  crofs, 
and  were  favour'd  in  it  by  a  Way  beaten  by  the 
Bullocks,  and  at  Night  we  incamped  there. 

The  15th,  we  travel'd  along  a  fine  Meadow, 
then  over  Plains  that  had  been  burnt,  and  at 
Night  went  to  take  our  Reft  on  the  Bank  of  a 
fmall  Rivulet,  about  which  we  faw  feveral  Foot- 
lleps  of  Natives,  which  made  us  conclude  we 
were  not  far  from  them;  and  therefore  we 
doubled  our  Guard,  to  prevent  being  furpriz'd. 

The  1 6th,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  left  me  at  the 
Guard  of  the  Camp,  and  took  Monfieur  Cave- 
lier  his  Brother,  and  feven  Men  with  him,  to 
go  find  out  the  Indians.  They  had  not  gone 
half  a  League  before  they  fpied  Horfes  and  a 
Number  of  Cottages,  without  being  themfelves 
feen  by  the  Savages.  That  Village  ftood  on  the 
Side  of  a  Hill,  and  contain'd  about  forty  Huts, 
ftanding  together,  befides  feveral    others   ftrag- 

When  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  enter'd  the  Village, 
the  Savages  feeing  him,  came  to  meet  and  con- 
dud  him  to  the  Cottage  of  their  Chief,  where 
he  and  his  Company  were  feated  on  Bullocks 
Hides.  The  Elders  being  come,  he  fignify'd 
to  them  the  Occafion  of  his  Coming,  as  he  had 
done  to  the  other  Nations,  with  which  they 
feem'd  to  reft  fatisfy'd.  Some  Prefents  were 
made  them,  according  to  Cuftom,  and  they  of- 
fer'd  him  a  Quantity  of  Hides,  which  he  re- 
fus'd,  telling  them,  that  when  he  return'd  from 
the  Cenis  he  would  trade  with,  and  furnifh  them 
with  all  they  had  Occafion  for.    They  confirm'd 

what 


89 


Feb.   1687 


A  Villagf. 


Monfieur 
de  la  Sale 
well  re- 
ceived b'i 
the  Na- 
tives. 


\ 


I;   I 


!         I> 


\ 


mt ,»' 


I     .   ! 


I  *■         !' 


11 


I 


7' 


II '.il 


/ 1 


i  iN  I 


t^ames  of 
Nations 
or  Tribes. 


90  Mon/teur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

Feb.  1687  what  the  others  had  told  us,  concerning  a  Na- 
^^'^^  tion,  where  fome  of  them  had  been,  tne  Men 
whereof  were  like  us,  meaning  the  Spaniards. 
He  nam'd  to  them  the  Nations  we  had  pafs'd 
through  from  our  Dwelling  of  St  Lewis,  to  the 
River  Maligne,  which  we  had  lately  pafs'd. 
The  Names  of  thofe  Nations  are  as  follows. 

The  SpicbeaiSy  Kabayes,  ThecamonSy  Tbeaure- 
metSy  Kiahobay  CboumeneSy  KouanSy  Arbany  Ene- 
piabcy  Abonerbopibeiniy  Korenkake,  Korkoney  Omea- 
oJJ'ey  Keremeriy  Abehoeriy  Magbaiy  ThecameneSy  Oten- 
marbenty  Kavagan  and  Meracouman.  Thefe  are 
the  Nations  that  lay  on  our  Road;  those  on  the 
Weft  and  North  Weft  of  the  faid  River  were 
the  Kannebonatiy  Tobakoy  PebiVy  CoyabeguXy  Ona- 
pietiy  PicbaVy  Tobany  KiaJfeSy  Cbanzes,  Tferay  Bo- 
cretteSy  Tfepeboeriy  Fercoutebay  PanegOy  PetaOy  Pet- 
zareSy  Peifacboy  Peiboum  and  Orcampion. 

Thofe  we  were  with  then,  were  call'd  TeaOy 
whom  we  had  not  before  hear'd  nam'd.  They 
talk'd  of  a  great  Nation  call'd  Ayona  and  Cano- 
baiinOy  who  were  at  War  with  the  Spaniardsy 
from  whom  they  ftole  Horfes,  and  told  us,  that 
one  hundred  Spaniards  were  to  have  come  to  join 
the  CeniSy  to  carry  on  that  War,  but  that  ha- 
ving heard  of  our  March,  they  went  back. 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  gave  them  to  underftand, 
that  we  were  at  War  with  the  SpaniardSy  and 
that  we  fear'd  them  not;  and  that  he  was  fent 
on  their  Account  by  the  great  Captain  of  the 
World,  who  had  charg'd  nim  to  do  them  all 
Good,  and  to  affift  them  in  their  Wars  againft 
fuch  Nations  as  were  their  Enemies. 

Thofe  Savages  gave  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  No- 
tice, that  he  would  find  three  of  our  Men  a- 
mong  the  CeniSy  which  put  him  in  Hopes  they 

were 


H  '!:? 


\U1  \i 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


9» 


were  thofe  he  had  given  Leave  to  depart  at  his  ^'^-  1687 
former  Journey,  and  of  whom  he  had  never  fincc  ^'^^VV) 
heard.  He  propos'd  to  them  to  barter  for 
Horfes;  but  "they  had  caus'd  them  to  be  con- 
vey'd  out  of  the  Way,  for  Fear  we  fhould  take 
them  away,  excepMng  only  one  Bay,  which 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  agreed  for  and  return'd  to 
us. 

The  17th,  we  pafs'd  a  fmall  River,  with  fome 
Difficulty,  and  incamp'd  beyond  it.  The  i8th, 
one  of  our  Horfes  going  along  the  Edge  of  an 
upright  Bank,  fell  into  the  Water,  and  came  off 
with  only  a  Hurt  on  the  Shoulder;  but  we 
were  fain  to  unload  him,  and  diftribute  his  Bur- 
den among  us,  every  one  making  a  Pack;  and 
thus  we  crofs'd  a  curious  Plain,  diverfify'd  with 
Woods,  Hills,  Rivulets,  and  delightful  Mea- 
dows. 

The  19th,  we  travell'd  along  the  "^  ">s  of 
thofe  Hills,  to  avoid  the  Bottoms,  and  and  a 
Difficulty  to  get  down,  by  Reafon  of  ti  ocks 
we  met  with  at  the  End  of  them,  and  a  River 
we  were  to  crofs.  Whilft  we  were  paffing 
that  River,  we  heard  Dogs  hunting  the  Bul- 
locks, two  of  which  coming  near  us, 
one  of  them  was  (hot  dead.  The  Natives  who 
were  hunting  fpying  us,  fent  out  two  of  their 
Number,  who  creeping  from  Tree  to  Tree, 
drew  near,  and  then  (lood  ftill,  without  daring 
to  proceed  any  farther.  We  made  Signs  to 
them  to  come,  which  they  did,  and  we  made 
them  fmoke,  till  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  return'd, 
being  gone  i'  little  Way  to  obferve  the  Body  of 
thofe  People. 

When  come,  he  told  them,  he  would  enter- 
tain Peace  with  them,  that  we  were  going  to 

the 


TT 


im(p^' 


t 

K 

p 

1     •  ■ 

.1 

>   1 

I     Ml 


i   A 


k  H 


•rill 


>  i- 


liiii^ 


Native. 


92  Mon/teur  de  la  S  A  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

Feb.  1687  the  CV«w,  and  he  believ'd,  that  thefe  very  Men 
^^**^^  were  of  their  Nation,  becaufe  they  had  their 
Accent  and  fome  of  their  Words.  They  told 
him  their  Village  was  near  that  Place,  and  bore 
us  Company  to  our  Camp,  where  after  fome 
fmall  Prefents  given  them,  they  were  dif- 
mifs'd. 
Account  The  20th,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fent  Monfieur 

given  by  a  Moratiget  and  fome  others  to  the  Village  of 
thofe  Natives,  to  try  whether  they  could  bar- 
ter with  them  for  fome  Horfes.  In  the  mean 
Time  two  Savages  came  to  us,  one  of  them  be- 
ing the  fame  that  was  with  us  the  Night  before, 
and  they  exprefs'd  much  Friendftiip  for  us.  That 
particular  Indian  told  us,  his  name  was  Pala- 
quechauney  that  they  were  Allies  to  the  Cenis^ 
that  their  Chief  had  been  among  the  Cboumans^ 
with  the  Spaniards  \  that  the  Choumans  were 
Friends  to  the  Spaniards,  from  whom  they  got 
Horfes,  and  added  fome  farther  Particulars, 
which  the  others  had  before  fignify'd  to  us ;  fo 
that  we  had  good  Reafon  to  judge  we  were 
not  far  from  North  Mexico. 

He  alfo  told  us,  that  the  Choumans  had  given 
their  Chief  fome  Prefents,  to  perfwade  him  to 
conduft  us  to  them ;  that  moft  of  the  faid  Na- 
tion had  flat  Heads;  that  they  had  Indian  Corn, 
which  gave  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  Ground  to  be- 
lieve, that  thofe  People  were  fome  of  the  fame 
he  had  feen  upon  his  firft  Difcovery.  That  fame 
Native  \\?d  a  very  fine  Goat's  Skin,  which  I 
purchas'd  of  him  for  four  Needles,  after  I  had 
fliewn  him  how  to  ufe  them,  and  that  Skin 
was  of  good  Ufe  to  make  us  Shoes  inftead  of 
raw  Bullocks  Hides. 

Some 


!  I     ! 


'\' 


M 


ii'.vl 


^ — n3 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

Some  Time  after,  Monfieur  Morangei  re- 
turn'd,  gave  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  an  Account  of 
his  fhort  Journey,,  and  faid,  That  one  of  the 
Natives,  who  faw  us  the  Night  before,  came  to 
meet  and  condud  him  to  the  Chief's  Cottage, 
where  forty  Ancient  Indians  were,  by  whom 
he  had  been  kindly  receiv'd.  That  the  Cuief 
had  in  his  Hand  a  Reed,  at  the  end  whereof 
was  made  fad  a  Leaf  of  a  French  Book,  which 
he  had  an  extraordinary  Refped  for.  That 
they  had  been  made  to  fit  on  Bullocks  Hides, 
and  treated  with  dry'd  Beef. 

That  after  thefe  firft  Ceremonies,  the  Chief 
had  given  them  to  underftand,  that  fome  of 
their  People  had  been  condufted  by  a  Man  like 
us,  to  our  Habitation,  and  that  the  faid  Man 
had  promis'd  to  bring  them  to  talk  with  us,  in 
order  to  treat  of  Peace;  but  that  on  the  Con- 
trary, we  had  fired  on  them  and  kill'd  one  of 
their  Men,  which  had  oblig'd  them  to  kill  the 
Man  that  led  them,  and  that  then  they  re- 
turn'd.  It  is  not  improper  here  to  put  the  Rea- 
der in  Mind,  that  I  have  before  mention'd  this 
Accident,  when  the  Sieur  Barbier  crofTmg  the 
River  in  a  Canoe,  was  call'd  upon  by  fome  Per- 
fon,  who  was  among  the  Natives  on  the  Bank 
of  the  River,  who  had  made  two  Shots,  as  it 
had  been  only  the  Priming  of  a  Piece,  which 
the  Sieur  Barbier  had  look'd  upon  as  an  Infult, 
and  therefore  he  had  alfo  fir'd,  with  all  the  o- 
ther  Particulars,  as  mention'd  before;  an  Acci- 
dent that  happen'd  for  want  of  underftand- 
ing  one  another;  which,  together  with  Monfr. 
de  la  Sale's  forbidding  us  to  have  any  Commu- 
nication with  the  Natives,  was  very  prejudici- 
al to  us  afterwards. 

After 


93 

Feb.  1687 

M.   Mo- 

ranget's 

Account. 


u  u, 


( ■   (' 


mti' ' 


A    / 


f 


;» 


IP  •> 


'.'i 


ti 


'H 


94 

Fei.  1687 


French 
Men  heard 
of. 


Monjteur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j  Second  Voyage 

After  much  other  Difcourfe,  Monfieur  Mo- 
ranget  having  given  them  fome  fmall  Prefents, 
they  made  their  return  in  Bullocks  Hides,  and 
Goats  Skins  well  drefs'd.  He  ask'd  them  for 
fome  Horfes  to  barter;  they  anfwer'd,  they  had 
no  more  than  what  they  ftood  in  Need  of. 
We  immediately  proceeded  on  our  Journey,  and 
that  day  being  the  21ft,  went  to  incamp  at  the 
Edge  of  a  Wood. 

The  22d,  we  went  up  to  an  Eminence  ter- 
minated by  a  Rock,  at  the  Foot  whereof  ran  a 
little  River,  the  bottom  whereof  was  all  of  flat 
Rocks,  fit  for  Building.  Thence  we  defcry'd 
two  Natives  driving  of  Bullocks,  which  made 
us  ftand  upon  our  Guard,  and  it  appear'd  to  be 
our  Indian,  who  had  met  another,  with  whom 
he  had  been  acquainted  among  the  Cents,  and 
whom  he  had  brought  along  with  him. 

Monfieur  de  la  Sale  was  very  glad  to  fee  him, 
and  remember'd  he  was  one  of  thofe  of  whom 
he  had  purchas'd  a  Horfe.  He  ask'd  feveral 
Queftions  of  him,  and  among  the  reft,  whether 
he  had  not  feen  the  four  Men  who  deferted  in 
his  former  Journey,  or  heard  any  Talk  of  the 
others,  to  whom  he  had  given  Leave  to  return 
to  our  Dwelling.  He  anfwer'd,  he  had  feen 
one  among  the  Cenis,  and  two  others  among 
the  Ajfonis\  but  that  he  had  not  heard  of  any 
more,  and  that  they  must  needs  be  dead;  as 
alfo  the  Sieur  Bihorel,  who  was  likewife  men- 
tion'd  to  him. 

He  further  told  us,  that  there  were  four  or 
five  Cottages  thereabouts,  in  which  about  Fif- 
teen Men  refided.  At  Night  he  went  away. 
Our  Indian  had  kill'd  a  Cow  at  a  great  Diftance 
and  fliot  her  quite  through,  at  which  the  other, 

who 


Vl 


■:y^ 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


95 


who  had  been  an  Eye  Witnels  to  it,  (lood  a  Feb.  1687 
long    Time    amaz'd,    without     fpeaking    one   *«*^W> 
Word,  admiring  the  Effect  of  our  Pieces.    That 
Cow  was  fent  for,  and   the  Flefh  brought  to 
our  Camp. 

The  23d,  we  pafs'd  by  the  Cottages  we  had 
been  told  of,  where  the  Natives  were  with 
their  Wives  and  Children.  Monfr.  de  la  Sale 
caus'd  us  to  halt  in  the  Village.  Wc  were  well 
receiv'd,  they  prefented  us  with  dry'd  Beef,  and 
we  return'd  it  in  fome  Knives.  Ve  faw  two 
Horfes,  one  of  them  a  little  grey,  indifferent 
handfome.  They  told  us  they  would  foon  de- 
part that  Place,  to  go  join  their  Companions, 
who  were  in  War  with  their  Enemies.  The  refl 
of  our  Men  being  come  up,  we  went  on  to 
incamp  a  J  eagvie  from  thence,  on  the  Bank  of  a 
Rivulet,  a..i  at  the  Foot  of  one  of  the  higheft 
Mountains  in  the  Country. 

Unloading  our  Horfes,  we  perceiv'd  there 
wanted  a  large  Axe,  which  ferv'd  us  for  hew- 
ing down  of  Trees.  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fent 
his  Indian  to  demand  it,  at  the  Village  we  came 
from  laft,  the  Savages  faid  they  had  not  feen 
it,  and  it  was  loft.  He  brought  back  Word, 
that  the  Savages  had  told  him,  that  if  we  would 
ftay  for  them,  they  would  go  along  with,  and 
fhew  us  the  Way. 

However,  we  went  on  the  24th,  and  in- 
camp'd  on  the  Edge  of  a  Marfti.  The  25th, 
the  Rain  hinder'd  us  from  Marching.  The 
26th,  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  perceiving  how  diffi- 
cult and  dangerous  it  was  to  crofs  that  Marfh, 
fent  his  Indian  to  the  others,  to  know  whether 
they  really  defign'd  to  go  with  us.  They  an- 
fwer'd,  we  muft  return    thither  to  join    them. 

The 


;    W 


V  1 


*>  < 


w 


UM! 


I  \ 


),.. 


W 


1 


96 


Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  *j  Second  Voyage 


River  of 

Ciui'jt's. 


^lar.  1687  The  27th.  we  decamp'd,  in  order  to  it ;  but  took 
^-^VNJ  another  Way  to  go  meet  the  Indians.  The  28th. 
we  faw  them  marching  at  a  Diftance.  One  of 
them  was  detach'd  to  come  tell  us,  that  he 
would  (hew  us  the  Way  to  crofs  the  Marfli, 
and  we  went  on  and  incamp'd  at  the  Foot  of  the 
high  Mountain  I  have  fpoken  of. 

The  fird  of  March,  we  join'd  the  Indians,  on 
the  Edge  of  the  Marlh,  which  we  had  juft 
crofs'd,  where  the  Rains  kept  us  till  the  Fifth, 
during  which  Time  we  went  to  find  out  where 
we  might  pass  a  rapid  Torrent,  that  difcharges 
it  felf  into  the  River  call'd  of  Canoes,  which  we 
pafs'd  the  6th,  in  the  Canoe  we  had  made,  and 
which  did  us  good  Service,  to  pafs  other  Rivers 
we  met  with  the  7th  and  the  8th  on  our  Way. 

The  9th,  we  did  not  ftir,  becaufe  of  the  Rain. 
The  loth,  incamp'd  on  the  Bank  of  a  fmall  Ri- 
ver, which  we  crofs'd  the  1 1  th,  and  the  fame 
Day  another  River,  and  incamp'd  on  the  Bank 
of  it,  and  found  it  adorn'd  with  very  fine 
Mulberry  Trees.  The  12th  we  crofs'd  an- 
other River,  and  incamp'd  near  it.  The  13  th, 
came  again  to  the  River  of  Canoes,  so  call'd  by 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  becaufe  he  the  firft  Time 
put  Canoes  into  it,  at  his  former  Journey.  We 
pafs'd  it  the  14th,  and  incamp'd  on  the  other 
Side  where  we  again  join'd  the  Indians. 

The  15th,  we  held  on  our  Journey  with  them, 
and  found  a  pleafanter  Country  than  that  we 
had  pafs'd  thro';  and  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  having 
in  his  former  Journey  hid  fome  Indian  Wheat 
Provifions  ^^^  Beans,  two  or  three  Leagues  from  that 
hidjpoilt.  Place,  and  our  Provifions  beginning  to  fall  fhort, 
it  was  thought  fit  to  go  to  that  Place.  Accor- 
dingly he  order'd  the  Sieurs  Duhaut,  Hiens,  Lio- 

tot 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

tot  the  Surgeon,  his  own  Indian^  and  his  Foot- 
man, whofe  Name  was  Sagety  who  were  follow- 
ed by  fome  Natives,  to  go  to  the  Place  he  de- 
fcribed  to  them,  where  they  found  all  rotten 
and  quite  fpoilt. 

The  1 6,  in  their  Return,  they  met  with  two 
Bullocks,  which  Monfieur  de  la  Sale's  Indian 
kiird,  whereupon  they  fent  back  his  Footman, 
to  give  him  Notice  of  what  they  had  kill'd,  that 
if  he  would  have  the  FleQi  dry'd,  he  might 
fend  Horfes  for  it.  The  17th,  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale  had  the  Horfes  taken  up,  and  order'd  the 
Sieurs  Moranget  and  de  Male  and  his  Footman, 
to  go  for  that  Meat,  and  fend  back  a  Horfe 
Load  immediately,  till  the  reft  was  dry'd. 

Monfieur  Moranget,  when  he  came  thither, 
found  they  had  fmoak'd  both  the  Beeves,  tho' 
they  were  not  dry  enough;  and  the  faid  Sieurs 
Liotot,  Hiens,  Duhaut  and  the  reft  had  laid  afide 
the  Marrow-Bones  and  others  to  roaft  them, 
and  eat  the  flesh  that  remain'd  on  them,  as  was 
ufual  to  do.  The  Sieur  Moranget  found  fault 
with  it,  he  in  a  Paffion  feiz'd  not  only  the  Flefli 
that  was  fmoak'd  and  dry'd,  but  alfo  the  Bones, 
without  giving  them  any  Thing;  but  on  the 
contrary,  threatning  they  fliould  not  eat  fo  much 
of  it,  as  they  had  imagin'd,  and  that  he  would 
manage  that  Flefti  after  another  Manner. 

This  paffionate  Behaviour,  fo  much  out  of 
Seafon,  and  contrary  to  Reafon  and  Cuftom, 
touch'd  the  Surgeon  Liotot,  Heins  and  Duhaut 
to  the  Quick,  they  having  other  Caufes  of  Com- 
plaint againft  Moranget.  They  withdrew,  and 
refolv'd  together  upon  a  bloody  Revenge ;  they 
agreed  upon  the  Manner  of  it,  and  concluded 
they  would  murder  the  Sieur  Moranget,  Mon- 

H  fieur 


97 

Mar.  1687 


Difcontent 
occafioti'  d 
by  Monfr-^ 
Moran- 
get. 


Confpiracy 
to  murder 
Monfr.  de 
la  Sale. 


i.  f 


'  i'i  (I 


;•/ 


h' 


; 


A 


■        ,?fl!!iil 


'♦r/ 


i   i  ':'f 


m. 


■Ill 


(I  . 


98        Monficur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 


Mar.  1687 


Bloody 
Murderers. 


Confult 
to  murder 
Monfr.  de 
la  Sale. 


fieur  ^^  la  Sale's  Footman  and  his  Indian,  becaufe 
he  was  very  faithful  to  him. 

They  waited  till  Night,  when  thofe  unfortu- 
nate Creatures  had  fupp'd  and  were  afleep. 
Liotot  the  Surgeon  was  the  inhuman  Executioner, 
he  took  an  Ax,  began  by  the  Sieur  Moranget, 
giving  him  many  Strokes  on  the  Head ;  the 
fame  he  did  by  the  Footman  and  the  Indian, 
killing  them  on  the  Spot,  whilfl  his  Fellow 
Villains,  viz.  Duhaut,  Hiens,  Teijfier  and  Lar- 
cheveque  flood  upon  their  Guard,  with  their 
Arms,  to  fire  upon  fuch  as  fhould  make  any  Re- 
fiftance.  The  Indian  and  the  Footman  never 
ftir'd,  but  the  Sieur  Moranget  had  fo  much  Vi- 
gour as  to  fit  up,  but  without  being  able  to 
fpeak  one  Word,  and  the  Afi!afins  obliged  the 
Sieur  de  Marie  to  make  an  End  of  him,  tho'  he 
was  not  in  the  Confpiracy. 

This  Slaughter  had  yet  fatisfy'd  but  one  Part 
of  the  Revenge  of  thofe  Murderers.  To  finifli 
it  and  fecure  themfelves  it  was  requifite  to  de- 
flroy  the  Commander  in  Chief.  They  confult- 
ed  about  the  fafeft  Method  to  effedt  it,  and 
refolve  to  go  together  to  Monfieur  de  la 
Sale,  to  knock  out  the  Brains  of  the  mod  refo- 
lute  immediately,  and  then  it  would  be  eafier  to 
overcome  the  reft.  But  the  River,  which  was 
between  them  and  us,  being  much  fwollen,  the 
Difliculty  of  paffing  it  made  them  out  it  off  the 
1 8th  and  19th.  On  the  other  Hand  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  was  very  uneafy,  on  Account  of  their 
long  Stay.  His  Impatience  made  him  refolve 
to  go  himfelf  to  find  out  his  People  and  to 
know  the  Caufe  of  it. 

This  was  not  done  without  many  previous 
Tokens    of  Concern,  and  Apprehenfion,     He 

feem'd 


,'•<!" 


was 


into    NORTH    AMERICA. 


99 


feem'd  to  have  fome  Prefage  of  his  Misfortune,  ^"f.  1687 
enquiring  of  fome,  whether   the    Sieur   Liototy    *"^vV) 
Hiens  and  Duhaut  had  not  exprefs'd  fome  Dif- 
content;  and  not  hearing  any  Thing  of  it,  he  ^'^/"f '" 
could  not  forbear    fetting  out  the   20th,    with  ^"      ^"'' 
Father  Anajfaftus  and  an  Indian^  leaving  me  the 
Command  in   his    Abfence,    and    charging   me 
from  Time  to  Time  to  go  the  Rounds  about  our 
Camp,  to  prevent  being  furpriz'd,  and  to  make 
a  Smoke  for  him   to  direct  his  Way  in  Cafe  of 
Need.     When   he  came   near  the   Dwelling  of 
the  Murderers,  looking   out  fharp  to  difcover 
fomething,     he     obferved     Eagles     fluttering 
about  a  Spot,  not  far  from  them,  which  made 
him  believe  they  had  found  fome  Carrion  about 
the   Manfion,  and  he  fired  a  Shot,  which  was 
the  Signal  of  his  Death  and   forwarded  it. 

The  Confpirators  hearing  the  Shot,  conclu- 
ded it  was  Monfieur  de  la  Saky  who  was  come 
to  feek  them.  They  made  ready  their  Arms 
and  provided  to  furprize  him.  Duhaut  pafTed 
the  River,  with  Larcheveque.  The  firft  of  them 
fpying  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  at  a  Diftance,  as  he 
was  coming  towards  them,  advanc'd  and  hid 
himfelf  among  the  high  Weeds,  to  wait  his 
paffing  by,  fo  that  Monfieur^*? /a  Sale  fufpedling 
nothing,  and  having  not  fo  much  as  charg'd  his 
Piece  again,  faw  the  aforefaid  Larcheveque  at  a 
good  Diftance  from  him,  and  immediately  ask'd 
for  his  Nephew  Morangety  to  which  Larcheveque 
anfwer'd,  That  he  was  along  the  River.  At 
the  fame  Time  the  Traitor  Duhaut  fired  his 
Piece  and  (hot  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  thro'  the  Head, 
fo  that  he  dropp'd  down  dead  on  the  Spot, 
without  fpeaking  one  Word. 


Is  mur- 
der'd. 


H  2 


Father 


U' 


ll 


r 


'WiP' 


'  {a:*' 


Cf 


111* 


>  J 


ft 


fii 


'I'! 

■  < 


i    '.    '".'k 


I oo  Monlteur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 


Mar.  1687 


raSier. 


Barbarity 
towards 
the  dead 
Body. 


Father  Anaflaftus^  who  was  then  by  his  Side, 
ftood  (lock  ftill  in  a  Fright,  expeding  the  fame 
Fate,  and  not  knr  ing  whether  he  Ihould  go 
forwards  or  backwards ;  but  the  Murderer 
Duhaut  put  him  out  of  that  Dread,  bidding  him 
not  to  fear,  for  no  Hurt  was  intended  him; 
that  it  was  Defpair  that  had  prevail'd  with  him 
to  do  what  he  faw;  that  he  had  long  defir'd 
to  be  revenged  on  Morangel,  becaufe  he  had 
defign'd  to  ruin  him,  and  that  he  was  partly 
the  Occafion  of  his  Uncle's  Death.  This  is  the 
exa<5t  Relation  of  that  Murder,  as  it  was  pre- 
fently  after  told  me  by  F.  Anajiafius. 

Such  was  the  unfortunate  End  of  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale's  Life,  at  a  Time  when  he  might  en- 
tertain the  greatelt  Hopes,  as  the  Reward  of 
his  Labours.  He  had  a  Capacity  and  Talent 
to  make  his  Enterprize  fuccefsful ;  his  Conflancy 
and  Courage  and  his  extraordinary  Knowledge 
in  Arts  and  Sciences,  which  render'd  him  fit 
for  any  Thing,  together  with  an  indefatigable 
Body,  which  made  him  furmount  all  Difficulties, 
would  have  procur'd  a  glorious  I  flue  to  his  Un- 
dertaking, had  not  all  thofe  excellent  Qualities 
been  counterbalanced  by  too  haughty  a  Beha- 
viour, which  fometimes  made  him  infupporta- 
ble,  and  by  a  Rigidnefs  towards  thofe  that 
were  under  his  Command,  which  at  laft  drew 
on  him  an  implacable  Hatred,  and  was  the  Oc- 
cafion of  his  Death. 

The  Shot  which  had  kill'd  Monfieur  de  la  Sale^ 
was  alfo  a  Signal  of  the  Murder  to  the  Aflaffins 
for  them  to  draw  near.  They  all  repair'd  to 
the  Place  where  the  wretched  dead  Corps  lay, 
which  they  barbaroufly  ftrip'd  to  the  Shirt,  and 
vented    their    Malice    in    vile  and  opprobrious 

Language. 


/«/o    NORTH     AMERICA 


lOI 


Language.  The  Surgeon  Liotot  faid  feveral  ^'"'-  '687 
Times  in  Scorn  and  Derifion,  There  thou  >^ » ^-' 
//>/?,  Gr^tf/  Bajfay  thrre  thou  lieJJ.  In  Conclu- 
fion,  they  dragged  it  naked  among  the  Bulhes, 
and  left  it  expofed  to  the  ravenous  Wild 
Beads.  So  far  was  it  from  what  a  certain  Au- 
thor writes,  of  their  having  bury'd  him  and  fet 
up  a  Crofs  on  his  Grave. 

When    thofe    Murderers    had    fatiated   their  Murderers 
Rage,  they  fet  out  to  come  to  us  at  our  Camp,  ''(^"^''"  '" 
with  the  dry'd  Flefti,  which  they  had  caul'd  to  '*'  ^''"'^• 
be  brought  over  the  River  by  the  IndianSy  who 
had  been   Speculators  of  the  Murder  and  of  all 
the  inhuman  Actions  that  had  been  committed, 
with  Amazement  and  Contempt  of  us.     When 
they  were  come  to  the  Camp,  they  found  Mef- 
fieurs  Cavelier^  the  one  Brother,  the  other  Ne- 
phew to  the  murder'd  Commander,  whom  Fa- 
ther Anajiafius  acquainted  with  the  difmal  End 
of  our  Chief,  and  enjoyn'd  them  Silence,  which 
it  is  eafy  to  imagine  was  very  hard  upon  them; 
but  it  was  absolutely  neceflary. 

However,  Monfieur  Cavelier  the  Prieft,  could 
not  forbear  telling  them,  that  if  they  would  do 
the  fame  by  him,  he  would  forgive  them  his 
Murder,  and  only  defir'd  them  to  give  him 
a  Quarter  of  an  Hour  to  prepare  himfelf:  They 
answer'd,  They  had  Nothing  to  fay  to  him; 
that  what  they  had  done  was  the  Effedl  of  De- 
fpair,  to  be  reveng'd  for  the  ill  Ufage  they  had 
receiv'd. 

I  was  abfent  at  that  Time;  he  they  call'd 
Larchevequdy  who,  as  I  have  faid,  was  one  of  the 
Confpirators,  had  fome  Kindnefs  for  me,  and 
knowing  they  defign'd  to  make  me  away  too,  if 

H  3  I  flood 


\ 


11 


wm 


k   '    I 


fl;i 


'.f 


■;  f 


I 


I02 
Mar.  1687 


The  Author 
fav'd  hy  a 
Friend. 


Dehaut, 
the  Mur- 
derer, u- 
furps  the 
Command. 


March 
continued. 


Monjieur  de  la  S  A  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

I  flood  upon  my  Defence,  he  parted  from  them, 
to  give  me  Notice  of  their  mifchievous  Refo- 
lution.  He  found  me  on  a  little  rifing  Ground, 
where  1  was  looking  upon  our  Horles  as  they 
grrz'd  in  a  little  adjacent  Bottom.  His  Intel- 
ligence (Iruck  me  to  the  Heart,  not  knowing 
whether  I  fhould  fly  or  (lay;  but  at  length,  hav- 
ing neither  Powder  nor  Shot,  nor  Arms,  and 
the  faid  Larcheveque  giving  me  Aflurances  of  my 
Life,  provided  I  was  quiet  and  faid  Nothing,  I 
committed  my  felf  to  God's  Protedion,  and 
went  to  them,  without  taking  any  Notice  of 
what  had  been  done. 

Dehaut^  puflF'd  up  with  his  new  gotten  Autho- 
rity, procur'd  him  by  his  Villany,  as  foon  as  he 
faw  me,  cry'd  out.  Every  Man  ought  to  com- 
mand in  his  Turn;  to  which  I  made  no  An- 
fwer;  and  we  were  all  of  us  oblig'd  to  flifle 
©ur  Refentment,  that  it  might  not  appear,  for 
our  Lives  depended  on  it.  However,  it  was 
eafy  to  judge  with  what  Eyes  Father  AnaJiaftuSy 
Meffieurs  Cavelier  and  I  beheld  thefe  Murder- 
ers, to  whom  we  expeded  every  Moment  to 
fall  Sacrifices.  It  is  true,  we  diflembled  fo 
well,  that  they  were  not  very  fufpicious  of  us, 
and  that  the  Temptation  we  were  under  of 
making  them  away  in  Revenge  for  thofe  they 
had  murder'd,  would  have  eafily  prevail'd  and 
been  put  in  Execution,  had  not  Monfieur  Ca- 
velier,  the  Pried,  always  pofitively  oppos'd  it, 
alledging,  that  we  ought  to  leave  Vengeance  to 
God. 

However  the  Murderers  feiz'd  upon  all  the 
EfFeds,  without  any  Opposition,  and  then  we 
began   to  talk  of  proceeding  on  our  Journey. 

We 


into    NORTH     AMERICA 


103 

Mar.   1687 


We  decamp'd  the  2 id,  with  our  Indians^  anci 
march'd  with  fuch  a  heavy  Rain,  that  we  were 
oblig'd  to  halt  on  the  Bank  of  a  great  Stream, 
where  one  of  the  Natives  that  had  left  us,  arriv'd 
with  his  Wife.  We  went  on  the  iid  and  23d, 
and  pafs'd  the  River,  where  Father  Anajlaftus^ 
Monfieur  Cavelier  and  I,  who  could  not  fwim, 
had  been  drown'n,  but  that  the  Natives  affid- 
ed  and  fav'd  us.  The  24th,  we  went  on  thro*  a 
marfliy  Country,  never  quitting  a  fmall  Path 
which  led  to  the  Village  of  the  Cenis^  till  the 
28th,  when  we  reded  on  the  Bank  of  a  River  Ccnis  Ri- 
of  the  fame  Name,  tho'  about  ten  Leagues  di-  ^'"'• 
(lant  from  the  Village. 

We  had  hop'd  to  ford  that  River,  as  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  had  done,  when  he  return'd  from  that 
Country;  but  it  was  fo  fwollen,  that  there 
was  no  doing  it,  and  we  were  forced  to  make  a 
Canoe  of  Bullocks  Hides.  Whilft  we  were 
employ'd  at  that  Work,  the  Indians  fwam  over 
and  went  to  give  Notice  to  the  Cenis  of  our 
Arrival. 

We  found  the  Country  pleafant  enough  about 
that  River,  tho'  the  Land  did  not  feem  to  be 
any  of  the  bed ;  but  dill  it  was  delightful  to 
the  Eye,  well  planted  with  fine  Trees  of  feve- 
ral  Sorts,  among  which,  is  one  that  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  had  nam'd  Copal^  being  very  beautiful,  Copal 
the  Leaves  of  it  between  those  of  the  Maple  Tree. 
and  the  Lime  Trees  in  Refemblance,  and  from  it 
comes  a  Gum,  of  a  very  agreeable  Scent.  In 
the  fame  Place  we  faw  a  great  Tree,  on  which 
the  late  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  caus'd  Crofles 
and  the  Arms  of  France  to  be  carv'd. 


\ 


H 


The 


-  i  1 


1^: 


1  '  I  ll>' 


II 


h 


l£  fl 


Mar.  1687 


7be  Author 
fent  to  the 
Cenis/ar 
Provifions. 


The  Coun- 
try de- 
fer ib'd. 


Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j  Second  Voyage 

The  Hunting  of  Bullocks  had  fail'd  us,  and  we 
had  feen  none  from  the  Place  where  our  late 
Leader  had  been  murder'd.  Thus  our  Provifions 
began  to  fall  fhort,  and  it  was  refolv'd  on  the 
29th,  to  fend  fome  Men  before,  to  the  Village  of 
the  CeniSy  to  know,  whether  they  had  any  Indian 
Corn,  and  were  willing  to  barter  for  it.  I  was 
'appointed,  with  the  Surgeon  Liototy  the  Tef- 
rSy  and   HienSy  who  was  a  Buccanier,  Mon- 

leur  de  la  Sale  had  taken  up  at  Petit  Gouave, 
to  go  with  him  upon  this  Expedition.  I  was 
very  unwilling  to  undertake  that  Journey, 
with  a  Murderer  and  two  of  his  Compani- 
ons, of  whom  1  was  fufpicious;  but  it  was 
very  requifite  to  obey,  and  Dubaut  having 
all  the  EfFefts  in  his  Pofleffion,  alledging,  that 
a  great  part  of  them  belong'd  to  him,  he 
gave  us  fome  Axes  and  Knives  to  barter  for 
Indian  Corn,  as  alfo  for  Horfes,  if  any  were  to 
be  had,  and  accordingly  we  pafs'd  the  Ri- 
ver. 

We   found   the  Country  made  up  of  feveral 
tie  Hills,  of  an  indifferent  Height,  on  wh  ''h 

-iere   are   Abundance    of  Wallnut-Trees    a   d 
Oaks,  not  fo  large  as  what  we  had  feen  befoi 
but  very  agreeable.     The  Weeds  which  had  beei 
fome  Time  before  burnt  by  the  Natives,  began 
to  fpring  up  again,  and  difcover'd  large  green 
Fields  very  pleafing  to  the  Sight. 

When  we  had  travell'd  fome  Time,  we  dif- 
cover'd three  Men  a  Horfeback,  coming 
towards  us  from  the  Village,  and  being 
come  near  them,  faw  one  drefs'd  after  the 
Spanijh  Faftiion,  with  a  little  Doublet,  the  Bo- 
dy whereof  was  of  blue,  and  the  Sleeves  of  white 

Fuftian, 


mk  \ 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


105 


Fuflian,  as    it    were    imbroider'd,    with    very   ^"f-  1687 
(Ireight     Breeches,    white     worfted    Stockings,    *'^VNJ 
Woollen-Garters,  a   broad-brim'd,    flat-crown'd 
Hat,  and  long  Hair.     We  prefently  concluded  ^  ^^"^ 
he    was  a  Spaniard^  and  the   rather  becaufe  we  gp^„j^^j 
had  been  told,  that  fome  of  them  were  to  come 
to  join  in   League  with  the  CeniSy  againft  an  E- 
nemy    nation,  and  we  were  at  a  Nonplus;  for 
if  we  fell  into  their  Hands,  we  muft  never  ex- 
pect  to  get  away,  but    be  condemn'd  to  ferve 
either  in  the  Mines,  or  in  the  Quarries,  in  the 
Kingdom  of  Mexico,  for  which  Reafon  we  pro- 
vided to  give  the  pretended  Spaniard  an  unkind 
Reception,  and  then   to   make  the  bed  of  our 
Way  back. 

Being  come  up  to  him,  I  fpoke  fome  Words 
of  Spanijh  and  Italian,  to  which  he  return'd 
no  Anfwer;  but  on  the  contrary,  made  ufe 
of  the  Woid  Coujfua,  which  in  the  Lan- 
guage of  the  CeniSy  fignifies,  /  do  not  under- 
jland  you\  which  Anfwer  of  his  remov'd  our 
Apprehenfions.  The  two  others  were  quite 
naked,  one  of  them  being  mounted  on  a 
fine  grey  Mare,  and  on  her  were  befides 
two  Panniers,  handfomly  made  of  Reeds,  full 
of  very  fine  Meal  parch'd,  or  roafted.  Af- 
ter feveral  Questions,  to  which  we  had  no 
very  fatisfadory  Anfwers,  we  lighted  Fire  to 
make  them  fmoke,  and  then  they  prefented 
us  with  the  two  Panniers  full  of  Meal,  giv- 
ing us  to  underftand,  that  their  Chief  ex- 
pelled us  in  the  Village,  and  having  figni- 
fy'd,  that  they  were  fent  to  meet  us,  we 
gave  them  fome  Knives  and  Strings  of 
Beads. 

We 


I    r^  .  » 


14  •: 


w 


S.^'  ' 


''If.: 


% 


\    mm 


106 

Mar.  16S7 


Tbe  Cenis 

w^f/  //{"^ 
French  in 
folemn 
Manner. 


Monjieur  de  la  Sal  e  'j-  Second  Voyage 

We  ask'd  them,  whether  they  had  any  Men 
among  them  like  him  that  was  a  Horfeback 
in  the  Spanijh  Habit,  they  anfwer'd,  there  were 
two  in  a  Neighboring  Nation,  call'd  Ajfony^ 
and  that  he  who  was  clad,  had  been  in  their 
Country,  and  brought  thence  the  Cloaths  we 
faw  him  wear.  That  Man  then  fhew'd  us  a  Spa- 
nijh printed  Paper,  containing  the  Indulgences 
granted  to  the  Miffioners  o^  New  Mexico.  After 
this  they  left  us  to  go  on,  to  our  People,  for 
which  Reafon  I  writ  a  Note,  giving  an  Account 
of  our  having  met  them. 

We  alighted  to  eat,  and  let  our  Horfes 
graze  on  the  Bank  of  a  Rivulet;  but  it  was  not 
long  before  the  fame  Natives,  who  had  been 
with  us  before,  appear'd  again  hard  by  us.  We 
made  Signs  to  them  to  draw  near  and  eat  with 
us;  which  they  did,  and  then  went  along  with 
us  towards  the  Village,  which  we  would  not 
go  into,  becaufe  it  was  Night.  The  Indian  that 
was  clad,  ftay'd  all  Night  with  us,  and  the  two 
others  went  away. 

When  it  was  Day,  we  held  on  our  Way  to 
the  Village ;  the  Indian  that  was  with  us  con- 
duftingus  to  their  Chief's  Cottage.  By  the  Way, 
we  'faw  many  other  Cottages,  and  the  Elders 
coming  to  meet  us  in  their  Formalities,  which 
confided  in  fome  Goats  Skins  drefs'd  and  painted 
of  feveral  Colours,  which  they  wore  on  their 
Shoulders  'ike  Belts,  and  Plumes  of  Feathers  of 
feveral  Colours,  on  their  Heads,  like  Coro- 
nets. Six  or  feven  of  them  had  fquare 
Sword  Blades,  like  the  Spanijh^  on  the  Hilts 
whereof  they  had  faften'd  great  Plumes  of  Fea- 
thers, and  feveral  Hawks  Bells;  fome  of  them 
had  Clubs,  which  they  call  Head-breakers,  fome 

only 


if 


into  NORTH     AMERICA. 

only  their  Bows  and  Arrows;  others,  Bits  of 
white  Linen,  reaching  from  Shoulder  to  Shoul- 
der. All  their  Faces  were  daub'd  with  black 
or  red.  There  were  twelve  Elders,  who  walk'd 
in  the  Middle,  and  the  Youth  and  Warriors  in 
Ranks,  on  the  Sides  of  thofe  old  Men. 

Being  come  up  to  us  in  that  Manner,  he 
that  condudled  us,  made  a  Sign  for  us  to  halt, 
which  when  we  had  done,  all  the  old  Men 
lifted  up  their  Right  Hands  above  their  Heads, 
crying  out  in  a  mod  ridiculous  Manner ;  but 
it  behov'd  us  to  have  a  Care  of  laughing.  That 
done,  they  came  and  imbrac'd  us,  ufing  all  Sorts 
of  Endearments.  Then  they  made  us  fmoke, 
and  brought  to  us  a  French  Man  of  Provence^ 
who  was  one  of  thofe  that  had  forfaken  the 
late    Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  at  his  firft  Journey. 

The  whole  Company  conducted  us  after  the 
fame  Manner,  to  their  Chief's  Cottage;  and  af- 
ter we  had  (laid  there  a  (hort  Time,  they  led  us 
to  a  larger  Cottage,  a  Quarter  of  a  League 
from  thence,  being  the  Hut  in  which  they  have 
their  publick  Rejoycings,  and  the  great  Af- 
femblies.  We  found  it  furnifh'd  with  Mats  for 
us  to  fit  on.  The  Elders  feated  themfelves  round 
about  us,  and  they  brought  us  to  eat,  fome 
Sagamite,  which  is  their  Pottage,  little  Beans, 
Bread  made  of  Indian  Corn,  and  another  Sort 
they  make  with  boil'd  Flower,  and  at  lafl  they 
made  us  fmoke. 

During  our  Repaft,  they  entertain'd  us  with 
the  Difcoufe  of  their  Defign  to  make  War  on 
a  Nation,  who  were  their  Enemies,  and  whom 
they  call'd  Cannokantimo.  When  it  was  over, 
we  prefented  them,  according  to  Cuftom, 
with    fome    Knives   and    Strings  of  Beads    for 

their 


107 

Mar.  1687 


A  French 
Man  a- 
rnong  the 
Indians. 


Indian  En- 
tertain- 
ment. 


<k 


'  \ 


u 


.  if,  )■ 


V  :\ 


m^'  ': 


*        1       ,'C      ,        / 


-1' 


I'      f      I 


A 


1 ' 


■M 


»ii 


io8 

Af/7r.  1687 


Families 
in  them. 


Manner    of 
Building. 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

their  Wives.  We  defir'd  them  to  afford  us 
fome  Indian  Corn,  in  Exchange  for  other 
Things,  which  they  promis'd,  and  the  French 
Man  who  was  with  them,  having  told  us, 
that  there  was  a  Diftrid:,  which  afforded  more 
Corn,  than  that  where  we  were,  and  where 
his  Cottage  was,  we  refolv'd  to  go  thither. 
We  propos'd  it  to  the  Elders,  who  would 
needs  go  along  with  us,  attended  by  a  great 
Number  of  Youth,  and  having  got  ready  our 
Horfes,  we  fet  out  for  that  Place. 

By  the  Way,  we  faw  feveral  Cottages  at 
certain  Diftances,  ftragling  up  and  down,  as  the 
Ground  happens  to  be  fit  for  Tillage.  The 
Field  lies  about  the  Cottage,  and  at  other  Di- 
ftances  there  are  other  large  Huts,  not  inha- 
bited, but  only  ferving  for  publick  Affemblies, 
either  upon  Occafion  of  Rejoycings,  or  to  con- 
fult  about   Peace  and  War. 

The  Cottages  that  are  inhabited,  are  not 
each  of  them  for  a  private  Family,  for  in  fome 
of  them  there  are  fifteen  or  twenty,  each  of 
which  has  its  Nook  or  Corner,  Bed  and  other 
Utenfils  to  its  felf;  but  without  any  Partition 
to  feparate  it  from  the  reft:  However,  they 
have  Nothing  in  Common  befides  the  Fire, 
which  is  in  the  Midft  of  the  Hut,  and  never 
goes  out.  It  is  made  of  great  Trees,  the  Ends 
whereof  are  laid  together,  fo  that  when  once 
lighted,  it  lads  a  long  Time,  and  the  firft 
Comer  takes  Care  to  keep  it  up. 

The  Cottages  are  round  at  the  Top,  after 
the  Manner  of  a  Bee-Hive,  or  a  Reek  of  Hay. 
Some  of  them  are  fixty  Foot  Diameter.  In  Or- 
der to  build  them,  they  plant  Trees  as  thick 
as  a  Man's  Thigh,  tall  and  ftrait,  and  placing 

them 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


109 


them   in  a  Circle,  and  joyning  the  Tops  toge-  ^^f-  1687 
ther,    from    the    Dome,   or   round    Top,   then   ^^^rV^ 
they  lalh  and  cover  them  with  Weeds.     When 
they    remove    their    Dwellings,    they    generally 
burn  the  Cottages    they  leave,  and  build   new 
on  the  Ground  they  design  to  inhabit. 

Their  Moveables  are  fome   Bullocks   Hides  Their  move- 
and  Goats  Skins  well  cur'd,  fome  Mats  clofe  ^^^"' 
wove,  wherewith  they   adorn    their  Huts,  and 
fome    Earthen    VefTels,    which    they    are    very 
skilful  at  making,  and  wherein  they  boil  their 
Flefh  or  Roots,  or  Sagamife^  which,  as  has  been 
faid,  is  their  Pottage.     They    have   alfo    fome 
fmall  Baskets  made  of  Canes,  ferving  to  put  in 
their  Fruit  and  other  Provifions.     Their  Beds 
are  made  of  Canes,  rais'd   two  or   three    Foot 
above  the  Ground,  handfomly  fitted  with  Mats  Beds. 
and  Bullocks  Hides,  or  Goats  Skins  well  cur'd, 
which  ferve  them  for  Feather  Beds,  or  Quilts 
and  Blankets;  and  thofe  Beds  are  parted    one 
from  another  by   Mats  hung  up. 

When  they  defign  to  Till  the  Ground,  they  Tillage. 
give  one  another  Notice,  and  very  often  above 
an  Hundred  of  each  Sex  meet  together.  When 
they  have  till'd  that  Piece  of  Land,  after  their 
Manner,  and  fpent  part  of  the  Day,  thofe  the 
Land  belongs  to,  give  the  o:hers  to  Eat,  and 
then  they  fpend  the  red  of  the  Day  in  Dancing 
and  Merry  Making.  This  fame  is  pradis'd 
from  Canton  to  Canton,  and  fo  they  till 
Land   all    together. 

This  Tillage  condfts  in  breaking  up  juft  the  Inftrument 
Surface  of  the   Earth  with  a  Sort  of  Wooden  >'"  '^'^^'"^^ 
Inftrument,  like  a   little   Pick-axe,  which  they 
make  by  fplitting  the  End  of  a  thick  Piece  of 
Wood,  that   ferves  for  a  Handle,  and  putting 

another 


\ 


\\  '., 


i  ! 


IMF 


■w 


;  I 


ijlUl, 


■"1 


' .  ^  ifll' ' 

1 

J, 

i'^ 

Indians 

disfigure 

themfehes. 


1 1  o  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  'j-  Second  Voyage 

Mar,  1687  another   Piece  of  Wood  fharp    Pointed   at  one 

^"^^i^^   End   into    the    Slit.      This    Inftrument   ferves 

them  inflead  of  a  Hoe,  or  Spade,  for  they  have 

no  Iron  Tools.     When  the  Land  has  been  thus 

Women  fow.  till'd  or  broke  up,  the  Women  Sow  and  Plant 
the  Indian  Corn,  Beans,  Pompions,  Water 
Melons,  and  other  Grain  and  Garden  Ware, 
which  is  for  their  Suftenance. 

The  Indians  are  generally  Handfom,  but 
disfigure  themfelves  by  making  Scores,  or 
Streaks  on  their  Faces,  from  the  Top  of  the 
Forehead  down  the  Nofe  to  the  Tip  of  the 
Chin ;  which  is  done  by  pricking  the  Skin  with 
Needles,  or  other  fharp  Inftruments,  till  it 
bleeds,  whereon  they  ftrew  fine  Powder  of 
Charcoal,  and  that  finks  in  and  mixes  with  the 
Blood  within  the  Skin.  They  alfo  make  after 
the  fame  Manner,  the  Figures  of  living  Crea- 
tures, of  Leaves  and  Flowers  on  their  Shoul- 
ders, Thighs,  and  other  Parts  of  their  Bodies, 
and  Paint  themfelves,  as  has  been  faid  before, 
with  Black  or  Red,  and  fometimes  both  to- 
gether. 
Women.  The  Women  are  generally  well  Shap'd,  and 
would  not  be  difagreeable,  did  they  adhere 
to  Nature;  but  they  Difguife  themfelves  as 
ridiculoufly  as  the  Men,  not  only  with  the 
Streak  they  have  like  them  down  their 
Face,  but  by  other  Figures  they  make  on  it, 
at  the  Corners  of  their  Eyes,  and  on  the  other 
Parts  of  their  Bodies;  whereof  they  make 
more  particular  Show  on  their  Bofom,  and 
thofe  who  have  the  most,  are  reckoned  the 
handfomefl;  tho'  that  pricking  in  that  Part  be 
extremely  painful  to  them. 

It 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

It  is  they  that  do  all  the  Work  in  the  Cot- 
tage, either  in  Pounding  the  Indian  Corn  and 
Baking  the  Meal,  or  making  the  Pottage  of 
the  faid  Meal,  by  them  call'd  Sagamitey  or  in 
dreffing  their  other  Provifions,  or  drying  or 
parching,  or  fmoaking  their  Flefti,  fetching 
the  Wood  they  have  Occafion  for,  or  the  Flelh 
of  Bullocks,  or  other  Beads  kill'd  by  their 
Husbands  in  the  Woods,  which  are  often  at 
a  great  Diftance,  and  afterwards  Dreffing  them 
as  has  been  faid.  They  Sow  and  Plant,  when 
the  Land  has  been  broke  up,  and  in  (hort,  do 
almofl:  all  that  is  requifite  for  the  Support  of 
Life. 

I  did  not  obferve  that  thofe  Women  were 
naturally  given  to  Lewdnefs;  but  their  Virtue 
is  not  Proof  againft  fome  of  our  Toys,  when 
prefented  them,  as  Needles,  Knives,  and  more 
particularly  Strings  of  Beads,  whereof  they 
make  Necklaces  and  Bracelets,  and  that  Temp- 
tation is  rarely  refilled  by  them,  and  the  lefs 
becaufe  they  have  no  Religion  or  Law  to  pro- 
hibit that  vile  Pradice.  It  is  true  their  Hus- 
bands, when  they  take  them  in  the  Fact,  fome- 
times  do  punifh  them,  either  by  Separation  or 
otherwife;  but  that  is  rare. 

The  Country  of  thofe  Indians  being  generally 
subjed  to  no  Cold,  almoft  all  of  them  go  naked; 
unlefs  when  the  North  Wind  blows,  then  they 
cover  themfelves  with  a  Bullock's  Hide,  or 
Goat's  Skin  cur'd.  The  Women  wear  nothing 
but  a  Skin,  Mat,  or  Clout,  hanging  round  them 
like  a  Petticoat,  and  reaching  down  half  way 
their  Legs,  which  hides  their  Nakednefs  before 
and  behmd.  On  their  Heads  they  have  no- 
thing 


I II 

Mar.  1687 

They  do  the 
Work  at 
Home. 


Their  Be- 
haviour, 


Habits. 


a,  ill 


* 


:  I 


*l 


Su' 


/     i  -# 


f^  i 


\ 


7 


llHif)- 


\ 

i 

< ' . 

1 

\ 

i 

is 


I  12 


Manners. 


Religion. 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

Mar^  1687  thing  but  their  Hair  platted  and  knotted  be- 
hind. 

As  for  their  Manners,  it  may  be  faid  of 
thefe  as  of  all  other  Indians  of  that  great  Con- 
tinent, that  they  are  not  Mifchievous,  unlefs 
wrong'd  or  attack'd;  in  which  Cafe  V  y  are 
all  Fierce  and  Revengeful.  They  Watch  all 
Opportunities  to  be  Reveng'd,  and  never  let 
any  flip,  when  ofFer'd,  which  is  the  Caufe  of 
their  being  continually  at  War  with  their 
Neighbours,  and  of  that  Martial  Humour, 
fo  Predominant  among  them. 

As  to  the  Knowledge  of  a  God,  they  did  not 
feem  to  us  to  have  any  fix'd  Notion  of  Him; 
it  is  true,  we  met  with  fome  on  our  Way,  who 
as  far  as  we  could  judge,  believ'd,  there  was 
fome  Superior  Being,  which  was  above  all 
Things,  and  this  they  testify'd  by  lifting  up 
their  Hands  and  Eyes  to  Heaven,  yet  without 
any  Manner  of  Concern,  as  believing  that  the 
faid  exalted  Being  does  not  regard  at  all,  what  is 
done  here  below.  However  none  of  them 
having  any  Places  of  Worfliip,  Ceremonies, 
or  Prayers,  to  denote  the  divine  Homage,  it 
may  be  faid  of  them  all,  that  they  have  no  Re- 
ligion, at  lead  thofe  that  we  faw. 

However,  they  obferve  fome  Ceremonies; 
but  whether  they  have  any  Regard  to  a  real  or 
pretended  Superior  Being,  or  whether  they  are 
only  popular,  and  proceeding  from  Cuftom,  is 
what  we  were  not  able  to  difcover.  Thofe  Ce- 
remonies are  as  follows.  When  the  Corn  is 
ripe,  they  gather  a  certain  Quantity  in  a  Maund 
or  Basket,  which  is  placed  on  a  Sort  of  Seat  or 
Stool,  dedicated  to  that  Ufe,  and  ferving  on- 
ly upon  thofe  mifterious  Occafions,  which  they 
have  a  great  Veneration  for.  The 


Ceremo- 


ntes. 


I«^ 


It 


they 
The 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 


"3 


The  Basket  with  the  Corn  being  placed  on  M^f-  1687 
that  honour'd  Stool,  one  of  the  Elders  holds  '^^•^^ 
out  his  Hands  over  it,  and  talks  a  long  Time; 
after  which,  the  faid  old  Man  diftributes  the 
Corn  among  the  Women,  and  no  Perfon  is  al- 
low'd  to  eat  of  the  new  Corn,  till  eight  Days  af- 
ter that  Ceremony.  This  feems  to  be  in  the 
Nature  of  Offering  up  or  Bleffmg  the  firft 
P'ruits  of  their  Harveft. 

At  their  Aflemblies,  when  the  Sagamite,  or 
Pottage,  which  is  the  moft  eflential  Part  of 
their  meal,  is  boil'd  in  a  great  Pot,  they  place 
that  Pot  on  the  Stool  of  Ceremony  above  men- 
tion'd,  and  one  of  the  Elders  ftretches  out  his 
Hands  over  it,  muttering  fome  Words  between 
his  Teeth  for  a  confiderable  Time,  after  which, 
they  fall  to  eat. 

When  the  young  Folks  are  grown  up  to  be 
fit  to  go  to  the  Wars,  and  take  upon  them  to 
be  Soldiers,  their  Garment,  confifling  of  fome 
Skin,  or  Clout,  together  with  their  Bow,  Quiver 
and  Arrows,  is  placed  on  the  aforefaid  Stool, 
an  old  Man  ftretches  out  his  Hands  over  them, 
mutte»-s  the  Words  as  above,  and  then  the  Gar- 
ments, Bows,  Quivers,  and  Arrows  are  given 
to  the  Perfons  they  belong  to.  This  may  be 
compar'd  to  Something  of  a  Ceremony  of 
Knighting  among  them.  The  fame  Ceremo- 
nies are  us'd  by  them  in  the  cultivating  of  their  j^^i^^^g 
Grain  and  Produd,  but  particularly  of  the  Ta- 
bacco,  whereof  they  have  a  Sort,  which  has 
fmaller  Leaves  than  Ours ;  it  is  almoft  ever 
green  and  they  use  it  in  Leaves. 

This  is  what  we  obferv'd  among  the  Cenisy 
whose  Cuftoms  and  Manners  differ  very  little 
from  those  of  other  Nations,  which  we  had  feen 

I  before. 


■ 

1             ! 

1*  1 

11 

/* 

I'S  \ 

I 


iii'fi 


■,:\ 


,,:1 


•i'^  ' 


.1  > 


I^Mhi. 


t '  i  Ik 


fiiii 


11 


{ I 


1 1 4  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j-  Second  Voyage 


Mar.  1687 


'Nation, 
what  is 
meant 
here  by  it. 


Names  of 
Nations. 


before  and  faw  afterwards.  As  to  the  Point  of 
Religion,  it  is  not  to  be  infer'd  from  what  I 
have  faid  above,  that  there  is  none  throughout 
that  vafl:  Continent:  The  Account  I  have  given 
only  regards  thofe  Nations  we  faw;  there  may 
be  others  that  have  fome  Worftiip,  and  I  re- 
member I  have  heard  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  fay, 
that  the  Nation  call'd  Taken/ay  neighbouring 
on  the  IJlinoiSy  ador'd  the  Fire,  and  that  they 
had  Cottages  which  they  made  ufe  of,  as  Tem- 
ples. 

Before  I  conclude  this  fhort  Account  of  the 
Religion,  Cuftoms  and  Manners  of  the  Cenis, 
which  belong'd  properly  to  this  Place,  it  is 
fit  here  alfo  to  obferve,  that  the  Word 
Nation,  is  not  to  be  underftood,  among  thofe 
Indians y  to  denote  a  People  pofl^efi'mg  a  whole 
Province,  or  vaft  Extent  of  Land.  Thofe  Na- 
tions are  no  other  than  a  Parcel  of  Villages, 
difpers'd  for  the  Space  of  twenty  or  thirty 
Leagues  at  mod,  which  compofe  a  distindt  Peo- 
ple or  Nation;  and  they  differ  from  one  ano- 
ther rather  in  Language  than  in  Manners, 
wherein  they  are  all  much  alike,  or  at  lead 
they  vary  but  little,  as  has  been  mention'd 
above.  As  for  the  Names  of  them,  here  fol- 
low thofe  of  fuch  as  we  travel'd  through,  or 
were  near  the  Way  we  held  from  our  leaving 
our  Habitation  near  the  Bay  of  the  Holy  Ghoft, 
till  we  came  among  the  Cenis. 

The  Spicbeats,  Kabayes^  ThecamonSy  ThearemetSy 
Kiabahay  Cbaumenes,  Kouans,  Arhau,  Enepiahe, 
Ahonerhopiheiniy  Koienkahey  Konkoney  Omeaojfey 
Keremeny  Ahekoueny  Meghty,  TetameneSy  Otenmar- 
beny  Kouayon  and  Meracouman.  All  thefe  Na- 
tions are  on  the  North  of  the  River  called  la 

Maligne. 


1m 


H 


/!' 


'  '1 


ige 

int  of 
hat  I 
ghout 
given 
;  may 

I  re- 
ile  fay, 
ouring 
t  they 

Tem- 

of  the 

Cents, 
5,  it   is 

Word 
y  thofe 
.  whole 
)fe  Na- 
/^illages, 
•  thirty 
la  Peo- 
be  ano- 
[anners, 

at  lead 

ntion'd 
,ere  fol- 
)ugh,  or 

leaving 
Ghoft, 

aremetSy 
nepiahe, 
Jmeaojfe, 
)tenmar- 
efe  Na- 
alled  la 
Maligne. 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


115 


Maligne.     Those  that  follow,  are  on  the  Weft   Mar.  1687 
and  North-Weft  of  the  fame  River.  ^>^V>0 

The  Kannehouan,  Tohaha,  Pihir^  CagaheguXy 
Onapien,  PickaVy  Tokau,  Kuajfes,  ChancreSy  Tefe- 
rabocreteSy  Tfepehoueny  Fercoutebay  PanegOy  Petao, 
PetzarCy  Peifacboy  Peiboun,  Orcan  and  Piou.  This 
last  Nation  borders  upon  the  CeniSy  at  the  En- 
trance into  whofe  firft  Village  I  left  my  Reader, 
to  give  an  Account  of  the  Inhabitants,  and 
thither  I  return,  to  proceed  with  my  Relation 
and  our  Journey  to  the  Village,  the  French  Man 
who  liv'd  among  the  Natives  was  to  condud:  us  to. 

We  arriv'd  there  at  Night,  and  found  other 
Elders  coming  out  to  meet  us,  much  after  the 
fame  Manner  as  the  others  mention'd  before. 
They  led  us  to  their  Cottage,  made  us  fit  down 
on  Mats  and  fmoke,  but  not  with  fo  much  Ce- 
remony as  the  others.  That  done,  it  was  Time 
for  us  to  take  our  Reft,  having  given  them  to 
underftand  that  we  were  weary. 

The  French  Provencal  would  needs  have  us 
go  to  his  Cottage,  that  is  to  the  Hut  where  he  French 
had   his   Dwelling;    for,  as   I    have  faid,  there  Entertain- 
are  feveral  Families  in  one  of  them,  and  that  ^^h'^^ 
was  one  of  the  greateft  in  the  Canton,  having 
been  the   Habitation   of  one  of  their  Chief's, 
lately  deceafed. 

They  allotted  us  a  Place  there,  for  our  Goods 
and  Packs,  the  Women  immediately  made  Sa- 
gamite  or  Pottage,  and  gave  it  us.  Having 
eaten,  we  ask'd  the  French  Man  whether  we 
were  fafe,  and  he  anfwering  we  were,  we  lay 
down,  but  yet  could  not  fleep  found. 

The  next  Day,  being  the  firft  of  Aprily  the 
Elders  came  to  receive  and  conduced  us  to  the 
Cottage  where  we   had    been   the   Day   before. 

I    1  After 


Natives. 


\ 


/I 


i« 


-w — « — r^* 


"^P«iP 


/^iMVf' 


'« 


I 


ii6 

/^/>r.  1687 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j  Second  Voyage 

After  the  ufual  Ceremonies,  we  traded  with 
them  for  Corn,  Meal  and  Beans,  giving  in  Ex- 
change for  the  fame.  Needles,  Knives,  Rings 
and  other  Toys.     We  also   purchafed  a  very 


yo^  jor  an  ^^^  Stone  Horfe,  that  would  have  been  worth 
twenty  Pifloles  in  France^  for  an  Ax. 

The  Day  was  fpent  in  driving  our  small  Bar- 
gains and  gathering  Provifions,  which  the  Wo- 
men brought.  When  that  was  done,  it  was 
agreed,  that  I  fhould  remain  there,  to  lay  up 
more  Store,  and  that  the  others  ftiould  return 
to  our  Company,  which  we  had  left  near  the 
River,  to  carry  the  Provifions  and  fatisfy 
them  they  might  come  fafely. 

Tho'  I  thought  my  felf  not  over  fecure  a- 
mong  the  Indians^  and  befides  had  the  Diflatis- 
fadlion  of  underftanding  none  of  their  Lan- 
guage; yet  was  I  not  unwilling  to  ftay,  that  I 
might  have  an  Opportunity  of  feeing  the  two 
other  French  Men,  who  had  forfaken  the  late 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  when  he  firfl  travell'd  into 
that  Country,  that  I  might  enquire  of  them, 
whether  they  had  heard  no  talk  of  the  Mijftfipi 
River,  for  I  (till  held  my  Refolution  of  parting 
from  our  wicked  Murderers. 

As  foon  as  they  were  gone,  I  gave  a  young 
Indian  a  Knife,  to  go  bid  thofe  two  other 
French  Men  come  to  me,  and  whilft  he  was  go- 
ing I  drove  on  my  little  Trade  for  Provifions, 
and  had  frequent  Vifits  from  the  Elders,  who 
entertain'd  me  by  Signs,  with  an  Account  of 
their  intended  War;  to  which  I  ftill  anfwer'd, 
nodding  my  Head,  tho'  very  often  I  knew  not 
what  they  meant.  It  was  fome  Difficulty  to 
me  to  secure  my  fmall  Merchandize,  efpecially 
at  Night,  for  the  Natives  were  covetous  of  them. 

This 


r 


nwi 


into    NORTH    AMERICA. 

This  Care,  which  kept  me  from  Sleeping 
found,  was  the  Occafion,  that  one  Night  I  heard 
fome  Body  moving  near  my  Bed,  and  opening 
my  Eyes,  by  the  Light  of  the  Fire,  which  ne- 
ver goes  out  in  those  Cottages,  perceiv'd  a 
Man  flark  naked,  with  a  Bow  and  two  Arrows 
in  his  Hand,  who  came  and  fat  down  by  me, 
without  faying  any  Thing.  I  view'd  him  for 
fome  Time,  I  fpoke  to  him,  he  made  me  no  An- 
fwer,  and  not  knowing  what  to  think  of  it,  I 
laid  hold  of  my  two  Piftols  and  my  Firelock, 
which  the  Man  perceiving,  he  went  and  fat 
by  the  Fire.  I  follow'd,  and  looking  fteadfaftly 
on  him,  he  knew  and  fpoke  to  me,  throwing  his 
Arms  about  and  embracing  me,  and  then  made 
himfelf  known  to  be  one  of  the  French  Men 
I  had  fent  for. 

We  fell  into  Difcourfe,  I  ask'd  him  for  his 
Comrade,  |he  told  me,  he  durft  net  come,  for 
Fear  of  Monfieur  de  la  Sale.  They  were  both 
Sailors,  this  Man,  who  was  of  Brtiany,  was  call'd 
Buter\  the  other,  of  Rochelle^  Grollet.  Thev  had, 
in  that  fhort  Space  of  Time,  fo  perfedlly  enur'd 
themfelves  to  the  Cuftoms  of  the  Natives, 
that  they  were  become  meer  Savages.  They 
were  naked,  their  Faces  and  Bodies  with  Fi- 
gures wrought  on  them,  like  the  rest.  They  had 
taken  feveral  Wives,  been  at  the  Wars  and 
klU'd  their  Enemies  with  their  Firelocks,  which 
had  gain'd  them  Reputation;  but  having  no 
more  Powder  nor  Ball,  their  Arms  were  grown 
ufelefs,  and  they  had  been  forc'd  to  learn  to 
fhoot  with  Bows  and  Arrows.  As  for  Religion, 
they  were  not  troubled  with  much  of  it,  and 
that  Libertine  Life  they  led,  was  pleaf- 
ing  to  them. 

I   3  I 


"7 

Apr.  1687 


The  Author 
meets  ano- 
ther French 
Man  among 
the  Indians. 


French 
turn''  d  J'a- 
vage. 


V    . 


(> 


/ 


r-  1 


w. 


n 


::( 


W' 


ii8 

Apr.  1687 


Indian 
Maid 
brought  to 
the  Author. 


Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

I  acquainted  this  Man  with  the  unfortunate 
Death  of  Monfr.  de  la  Sale,  his  Nephew  and  the 
reft,  at  which,  he  was  furpris'd  and  concern'd, 
at  lead  in  outward  Appearance.  I  ask'd  him, 
whether  he  had  not  heard  talk  of  the  Mijftftpi; 
he  told  me  he  had  not;  but  only  that  there  was 
a  great  River  forty  Leagues  from  thence  to- 
wards the  N.  IV.  where  the  Natives  faid  there 
were  many  Nations  along  its  Banks.  That 
made  me  believe,  it  was  the  very  River  we  were 
in  Search  of,  or  at  lead  that  it  muft  be  the 
Way  to  come  at  it.  I  gave  him  to  eat,  and  we 
went  to  Reft. 

The  next  and  the  following  Days,  I  conti- 
nu'd  trading,  and  the  Elders  their  Vifits,  and 
their  Difcourfe  by  Signs,  concerning  their  in- 
tended War.  Some  of  them  gave  me  to  under- 
ftand,  that  they  had  been  among  the  Spaniards, 
who  are  neverthelefs  about  two  hundred  Leagues 
from  them.  They  fpoke  some  Words  of  bro- 
ken Spanijhy  as  Capita,  inftead  of  Capitan,  a  Cap- 
tain, and  Cohavillo  inftead  of  Cavallo,  a  Horfe, 
and  fo  of  fome  others.  Buter,  the  French  Man 
return'd  to  his  Dwelling,  I  gave  him  fome 
Strings  of  Beads  for  his  Wives,  and  defir'd 
him  to  send  the  other  French  Man  to  me. 

In  the  mean  Time  my  being  alone,  as  to  a- 
ny  Perfon  I  could  converfe  with,  grew  very 
irkfome  to  me,  and  I  know  not  whether  an  old 
Man  did  not  perceive  it;  for  he  thought  it 
would  He  proper  to  bring  a  Companion,  to  di- 
vert me,  and  at  Night  I  was  furpris'd  to  fee  a 
voi  ag  Maid  come  fit  down  by  me,  and  to  hear 
he  old  Man  tell  me,  he  had  brought  her  to  be 
■•  ife,  and  gave  her  to  me;  but  I   had  far 

at  Thougnts  to  difturb  me.     I  fpoke  not 

one 


■^t: 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


119 


one  Word  to  that  poor  Maid;  (he  ftay'd  fome    -^P''-  '687 
Time  expelling  I  would  take  notice  of  her,  and    '^xVi 
perceiving  I  did  not  ftir,  or  fpeak  one  Word, 
Ihe  withdrew. 

Thus  I  continu'd,  without  hearing  any  News,  French 
till  the  Sixth  of  /tpril,  when  the  two  French  Men,  Men  like 
I    have    fpoken   ol,    came  both,  in  the   Indian  'ndians. 
Drefs,  each  of  them  having  only  a  Clout  about 
him,  fome  Turky  Feathers  on  their  Shoulders, 
their  Heads  and  Feet  bare.    The  'atter  of  them 
whole  Name  was  Groliety  had  not  confented  to 
have  his   Face  mark'd   like   -^he  other,   nor  to 
cut  his  Hair  after  the  Indian  Manner;  for  those 
People  cut  off  all  theirs,  except  a  fmall  Lock 
on   the   Crown  of  the  Head,  like  the  Turks, 
only  some  of  them  have  fmall  Trefles  on  the 
Temples. 

I  repeated  to  them  the  Narrative  of  Mon- 
ileur  de  la  Sa/e's  unfortunate  Story.  They  con- 
firm'd  what  I  had  been  told  before,  that  the 
Natives  had  talk'd  to  them  of  the  2  eat  River, 
which  was  forty  Leagues  off,  towards  the  N.  E. 
and  that  there  were  People  like  us,  that  dwelt 
on  the  Banks  of  it.  This  confirm'd  me  in  the 
Opinion,  that  it  was  the  River  fo  much  fought 
after,  and  that  we  muft  go  that  Way  to  return 
to  Canada  or  towards  New  England.  They 
told  me,  they  would  willingly  go  with  us.  I 
defired  them  to  keep  it  fecret,  which  they  did 
not,  for  being  inform'd  that  Monfieur  Cavelier 
and  the  others  were  coming,  they  went  to  meet 
them,  and  I  was  again  left  alone. 

The  8th,  three  Men  came  to  me,  one  of 
which  was  the  French  Man  of  Provence^  with 
each  of  them  a  Horfe,  fent  by  our  People  to 
carry  away  all  the  Provifions  I  had  got  together, 

1  4  having 


'  il 


S 


i. 


WT 


ir, 


'I 


ri 


1 20  Monfie,  r  dc  la  S  A  L  e'j  Second  Voyage 


Apr.  1687 

T^he  Mur- 
derers re- 
folve  to  re- 
turn to  the 
Habition 
o/St.  Le- 
wis. 


The  Author 
and  others 
refolve  to 
part  from 
the  Mur- 
derers. 


having  taken  a  Refolution,  as  thofe  Perfons 
ihey  had  fent  told  us,  to  return  to  the  Dwel- 
ling of  St.  Lewis^  about  the  Bay  of  the  fame 
Name,  from  whence  we  came;  defigning,  as 
they  pretended,  to  build  a  Boat  there,  to  car- 
ry them  over  to  the  Iflands  oi  America;  an  im- 
pradicable  Notion,  for  all  our  Carpenters  were 
dead,  and  tho*  they  had  been  alive,  they  were 
fo  ignorant,  that  none  of  them  would  have 
known  which  Way  to  go  about  that  Work; 
befides  that,  we  were  deftitute  of  all  NecelFaries 
for  that  EfFed.  However  we  muft  obey,  and 
fet  out  with  our  Provifions.  The  Rain  having 
detain'd  us  the  9th  on  the  Way,  we  could  not 
come  up  to  them  till  the  next  Day,  being  the 
Tenth. 

Father  Anafnifw  gave  me  the  Confirmation 
of  that  Design,  and  farther  told  me  how  rough- 
ly they  had  been  treated  by  thofe  Murderers 
(Ince  my  Departure.  I  know  not  what  it  was 
that  mov'd  them  to  it,  but  they  had  refolved  to 
feperate  themfelves  from  thofe  Villains,  and 
that  we  should  eat  apart,  v'vz.  Monfieur  Cavelier 
the  Pried,  F.  AnaJJaJius,  young  Cavelier  and  I, 
which  was  very  agreeable  to  us,  becaufe  at  lead 
we  coil  Id  talk  freely,  which  we  durfl  not  do 
before;  '^ut  at  the  fame  Time  they  allow'd  us 
no  more  Provifions  than  would  fuffice  to  keep 
us  from  ftarving,  without  giving  us  Share  of  any 
FleOi,  tho*  they  often  kill'd. 

Our  Tyrants  dill  holding  their  Refolution  to 
return  to  their  former  Habitation,  thought  they 
had  not  Horfes  enough,  and  therefore  depMted 
four  of  their  Number,  one  of  which  was  the 
French  Man  half  turn'd  Indian^  to  return  to  the 
Village  of  the  Cenis  and  endeavour  to  barter  for 

feme 


into   NORTH     AMERICA 


I  21 


derers. 


fome.  At  the  fame  Time  we  agreed  together  ^P^-  '687 
to  let  thofe  Gentlemen  know,  that  we  were  too  *■'''«>-' 
much  fatigued  to  return  with  them  to  the  faid 
Habitation,  and  were  refolved  to  remain  in 
the  Village  of  the  Cents,  Monfieur  Cavelier 
undertook  to  be  our  Speaker,  and  to  defire  Du- 
haut^  who  was  Mailer  of  all,  to  give  us  fome 
Axes,  Knives  and  Strings  of  Beads,  Powder  and 
Shot,  offering  to  give  him  a  Note  of  his  Hand 
for  the  fame. 

To  conclude,  Monfieur  Cavelier  made  the  Defign  of 
Propofal  to  Duhaut^  difguis'd  it  the  bed  he  was  '^^  ^^'^'"■- 
able,  and  Duhaut  took  till  the  next  Day  to  re- 
turn his  anfwer.  He  confulted  with  his  Com- 
panions, and  acquainted  us,  that  they  would 
deal  handfomely  by  us,  and  give  us  half  the  Ef- 
feds  and  all  the  Axes,  intending  to  make  the 
mod  Speed  they  could,  to  get  to  our  former 
Dwelling,  and  to  put  in  Execution  what  they 
had  before  defign'd,  as  to  the  Building  of  a  Bark. 
But  in  Cafe  they  could  not  fucceed,  for  want 
of  Neceflaries,  they  would  immediately  return 
to  us  and  bring  F.  Zenobius  along  with  them, 
who  would  be  serviceable  to  us,  becaufe,  having 
been  with  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  upon  his  firfl  Dif- 
covery,  he  underltood  the  Language  of  the  Na- 
tions about  the  Mijftftpi  River.  That  whilft 
they  were  upon  that  Journey,  we  (hould  take 
Care  to  gather  a  Stock  of  Provifions,  and  that  if 
they  fucceeded  in  building  the  Bark,  they  would 
fend  us  Word,  that  we  might  repair  to  them. 
Monfieur  Cavelier  approv'd  of  all  they  faid,  tho' 
we  had  other  Defigns.  However  it  prov'd  we 
were  all  Miftaken,  for  Providence  had  order'd 
Affairs  otherwise. 


We 


I    K 


V 


^'ifi' 


'^ 


fi 


T^'V*  ' 


i  I 


I 


122 

Jpr.  1687 


Murderers 
change 

their  Mind, 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j  Second  Voyage 

We  ftay'd  there  fome  Time,  expedling  thofe 
who  were  gone  to  the  CeniSy  they  flaying  longer 
than  was  requifite  for  that  Journey.  The  over- 
flowing of  the  River  was  their  Pretence,  but 
the  true  Reafon  was  the  Women,  who  as  I  have 
faid,  are  not  fo  forward  as  to  offer  themselves, 
but  on  the  other  Hand  will  not  be  over  difficult 
in  complying  for  fome  little  Prefent,  and  thofe 
who  were  fent  did  not  grudge  their  Time.  In 
the  mean  while  the  Pofture  of  our  Affairs  chang- 
ed, as  follows. 

One  of  our  half  Savage  French  Men,  whom  I 
had  acquainted  with  our  Defign  to  go  find  the 
Mijftjipiy  communicated  it  to  Hautoty  telling 
him  all  the  particulars  he  had  before  acquainted 
me  with;  whereupon  Duhaul  chang'd  his  Minr^ 
as  to  the  Defign  of  going  to  the  Habitation  of 
St.  LewiSy  refolving  to  follow  our  intended 
Way  and  execute  our  Projed.  He  imparted  his 
Thoughts  to  his  Companions,  who  were  of  the 
fame  Opinion,  and  all  of  them  acquainted  nr^  that 
they  were  ready  to  put  in  Execution  the  Encer- 
prize  we  had  form'd. 

This  Change  troubled  us  very  much,  there 
being  nothing  we  coveted  more  than  to 
part  with  thofe  Mifcreants,  from  whom  we 
could  at  a  long  Run  expedl  no  better  Ufage 
than  they  had  afforded  our  Commander  and  his 
Friends.  However,  it  was  ftill  requifite  to  dif- 
femble,  there  being  no  other  Remedy  at  that 
Time:  But  God's  Juftice  provided  for  and  ref- 
cued  us.  We  continued  in  that  Camp  all  the 
remaining  Part  o^  Aprily  expefting  the  Perfons 
that  had  been  fent  to  the  CeniSy  and  Duhaut  in- 
tending to  begin  to  put  in  Execution  his  Defign 
of  going  to  find  out  the  MiJJiftpiy  with  us,  made 

us 


i'i 


,u 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

us  advance  towards  the  River  that  was  near,  in 
order  to  pafs  it  as  foon  as  fallen,  and  repair  to 
the  Village  of  the  Cenis. 

We  (laid  three  Days  longer  in  that  Post,  at 
the  End  whereof,  he  we  call'd  Larcheveque,  one 
of  thofe  that  had  been  fent  out,  crofs'd  the 
River.  He  was  Duhaut's  Creature,  and  an  Ac- 
complice in  the  Murder  of  Monfieur  de  la  Sale. 
He  inform'd  Dubaul,  that  one  they  call'd  HienSy 
who  was  alfo  one  of  our  Meflengers,  and  had 
flayed  on  the  other  Side  of  the  River,  had 
heard  of  Duhaut  and  the  reft  altering  their  Re- 
folution,  and  that  he  was  not  of  their  Mind. 
Hiens  was  a  Buccanier,  and  by  Birth  a  German. 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale  had  brought  him  from  Peiil 
Gouave,  and  he  was  alfo  accefTary  to  the  late 
Murders. 

After  we  had  been  fome  Days  longer  in  the 
fame  Place,  Hiens  arriv'd  with  tho  two  half 
Savage  French  Men  and  about  twenty  Natives. 
He  went  immediately  to  Duhaut,  and  after 
fome  Difcourfe,  told  him,  he  was  not  for  go- 
ing towards  the  Mijfijipiy  becaufe  it  would  be  of 
dangerous  Confequence  for  them,  and  therefore 
demanded  his  Share  of  the  Effects  he  had  feiz'd 
upon.  Duhaut  refufing  to  comply,  and  affirm- 
ing, that  all  the  Axes  were  his  own;  Hiens, 
who  it  is  likely  had  laid  the  Defign  before  to 
kill  him,  immediately  drew  his  Piftol,  and  fired 
it  upon  Duhaut,  who  ftagger'd  about  four  Paces 
from  the  Place  and  fell  down  dead.  At  the 
fame  Time  Ruter,  who  had  been  with  Hiens, 
fired  his  Piece  upon  Liotot,  the  Surgeon,  and 
(hot  him  thro'  with  three  Balls. 

Thefe  Murders  committed  before  us,  put  me 
into  a  terrible  Confternation ;   for  believing  the 

fame 


123 

May  1687 

v-v>J 

Murderers 
differ  in 
Opinion. 


Hiens 
kills  Du- 
haut, and 
Ruter 
Liotot. 


■  h 


'  f 


'■:i 


:.-',^^..' 


^> 


TT^ 


I 


Hi' 


I 


''  /  i 


III  ill 


'A 


\i 


t. 


m  ;, 


Ife'ii 


1 24  Monfieur  de  la  S  A  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

Mtiy  1687  fame  was  defign'd  for  me,  I  laid  hold  of  my 
^'^^'^  Fire-Lock  to  defend  my  felf;  but  Hiens  cry'd 
out  to  me,  to  fear  nothing,  to  lay  down  my 
Arms,  and  aflur'd  me  he  had  no  Defign  againfl 
me;  but  that  he  had  reveng'd  his  Mailer's 
Death.  He  alfo  fatisfy'd  Monfieur  Cavelier  and 
Father  Anajlafms^  who  were  as  much  frighted 
as  my  felf,  declaring  he  meant  them  no  Harm, 
and  that  tho*  he  had  been  in  the  Confpiracy,  yet 
had  he  been  prefent  at  the  Time  when  Monfieur 
de  la  Sale  was  kill'd,  he  would  not  have  con- 
fented,  but  rather  have  obftrudled  it. 

Liotot  liv'd  fome  Hours  after,  and  had  the 
good  Fortune  to  make  his  Confeffion;  after 
which,  the  fame  Ruter^  put  hini  out  of  his  Pain, 
with  a  Piftol-Shot.  We  dug  a  Hole  in  the 
Earth,  and  bury'd  him  in  it  with  Duhaut,  doing 
them  more  Honour  than  they  had  done  to  Mon- 
fieur de  la  Sale  and  his  Nephew  Morangety  whom 
they  left  to  be  devour'd  by  wild  Beads.  Thus 
thofe  Murderers  met  with  what  they  had  de- 
ferv'd,  dying  the  fame  Death  they  had  put  others 
to. 

The  Natives,  Hiens  had  brought  with  him,  ha- 
ving been  Speftators  of  that  Murder,  were  in  a 
Confternation,  and  that  Affair  was  of  dange- 
rous Confequence  to  us,  who  flood  in  Need  of 
them.  It  was  therefore  requifite  to  make  the 
befl:  of  it,  giving  them  to  underftand,  that  there 
had  been  Reafon  for  fo  punifhing  thofe  dead  Per- 
fons,  becaufe  they  had  all  the  Powder  and  Ball, 
and  would  not  give  any  to  the  reft.  They  re- 
main'd  fatisfy'd  with  that  Excufe,  and  he  who 
was  call'd  Larcheveque^  and  who  was  entirely  de- 
voted to  Dubaut,  being  Abroad  a  hunting  fince 
the  Morning,  and  not  knowing  what  Misfor- 
tune 


More  Mif- 
chief  pre- 
vented. 


T 


tune 


/«/o  NORTH    AMERICA. 

tune  had  hapned  his  Proteftor,  and  Hiens  being 
refolv'd  to  make  away  with  him,  Father  Ana- 
Jlafiusznd  Monfieur  Cave/ier  took  so  much  Pains, 
that  they  diflwaded  him  from  it,  and  I  went 
out  and  met  Larcbeveque,  to  give  him  Notice 
of  that  Difafter,  and  to  inform  him,  how  he 
was  to  behave  himfelf.  Thus  I  reauited  him 
for  having  come  to  give  me  Notice  or  Monfieur 
de  la  Sales  Death.  I  brought  him  to  Hiens,  who 
declar'd  he  defign'd  him  no  Harm,  and  Larche- 
veque  gave  him  the  fame  Aflurances  on  his 
Part.  Thus  all  Things  are  again  compos'd, 
and  nothing  remain'd,  but  for  us  to  fet  out, 
but  nrft  to  know  what  we  were  to  do,  and 
which  Way  to  dired  our  Courfe. 

Hereupon,  Heins  took  upon  him  to  fpeak, 
and  fiid,  he  had  promis'd  the  Natives  to  go 
to  the  War  with  them,  and  defign'd  to  be  as 
good  as  his  Word;  that  if  we  would  exped 
his  Return,  we  might  by  that  Time  confider 
which  Way  he  would  move,  and  that  in  the 
mean  Time  we  might  (lay  in  the  Village  among 
the  Cenis.  This  was  refolv'd  on;  we  loaded 
all  our  EfFed:s  on  our  Horfes,  and  repair'd  to 
the  fame  Place  and  the  fame  Cottage,  where 
we  had  been  before,  the  Chief  of  it  afTigning 
us  the  one  Half  to  lodge  and  lay  up  our 
Baggage. 

When  the  Day  for  fetting  out  for  the  War 
was  come,  Hiens  departed  with  the  Natives, 
four  of  our  Comrades  and  the  two  half  Savage 
French  Men  going  along  with  him;  fo  that  there 
were  fix  of  them,  and  each  took  a  Horfe.  Hiens 
left  us  all  the  EfFeds,  and  defir'd  we  would  Hay 
for  him,  which  we  promis'd,  not  knowing  how 
to  avoid  it,  confidering,  that  the  Indians  might 

have 


125 

May  1687 


Six  French 
Men  go  to 
the  Wars 
with  the 
Natives. 


I; 


^: 


%: 


\    V 


^1 


:  ^J 


'!;  t 


fi 


r 


ii' 


I 


I' 


V     ,1 


0Mt 


H. 


I'll 


y 


!!■ 


■!ll( 


IMl) 


1 26         Monjteur  de  la  Sale'j-  Second  Voyage 


May  1687 


Bewailing 
the  Memo- 
ry of  Mt 
kiird. 


have  done  us  Harm,  and  even  have  obftruded  our 
Departure.  Thus  we  refign'd  onrfelves  to  Pro- 
vidence, and  remain'd  fix  of  us  together,  viz. 
Father  AnaJJafiuSy  Monfieur  Cavalier^  his  Ne- 
phew young  Cavelier^  young  Talon^  another 
Youth  of  Paris,  and  I.  There  alfo  remain'd 
fome  old  Men,  who  could  not  go  to  the  War, 
and  the  Women.  We  were  alfo  join'd  by  two 
other  French  Men,  who  had  been  left  on  the  other 
Side  the  River,  being  the  Provenca/und  one  'Teijfier. 

During  our  Stay,  and  our  Warriors  being 
abroad  upon  that  Expedition,  the  old  Men  of- 
tef  vifited  us,  and  told  us  News  from  the 
Army  by  Signs,  which  we  underflood  nothing 
o^.  We  were  from  Time  to  Time  alarm'd, 
le^ing  the  Women  w°ep,  without  any  vifible 
Caufe.  The  late  Monfteur  de  la  Sale  had  often 
told  us,  that  the  Womtn  bewail'd  thofe  that 
were  to  be  kill'd;  but  we  were  inform'd,  that 
they  did  fo,  when  they  call'd  to  Mind  fome 
who  had  been  flain  in  the  former  Wars;  which 
difpell'd  our  Apprehenfions.  However  we 
were  uneafy,  becaufe  thofe  old  Men  and  Wo- 
men examined  us  every  Morning  and  Evening 
when  we  perform'd  our  Devotions. 

We  laid  hold  of  that  Opportunity  to  give 
them  to  underftand,  that  we  paid  our  Duty  to 
one  God,  the  only  Supreme  Sovereign  of  all 
Things,  pointing  to  Heaven,  and  endeavour- 
ing in  the  bed  Manner  we  were  able,  to  fig- 
nify  to  them  that  he  was  Almighty,  that  he 
had  made  all  Things,  that  he  caus'd  the  Earth 
to  produce  it's  Fruits  to  profper,  and  the 
Growth  of  it,  which  maintain'd  them  to  thrive; 
but  this  being  only  by  Signs,  they  did  not  un- 
derftand  us,  and  we  labour'd  in  vain. 

The 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

The  1 8th,  we  were  furpriz'd  to  fee  feveral 
Women  come  into  our  Cottage,  their  Faces 
all  befmear'd  with  Earth,  and  they  {tt  up  their 
Throats,  finging  feveral  Songs  as  loud  as  they 
were  able,  whereof  we  underftood  not  one 
Word.  That  done,  they  fell  a  Dancing  in  a 
Ring,  and  we  could  not  tell,  what  to  think  of 
that  Rejoicing,  which  lasted  full  three  Hours; 
after  which  we  were  inform'd,  they  had  re- 
ceiv'd  Advice  of  the  Vidlory  obtain'd  by  their 
Warriors  over  their  Enemies.  The  Dance 
concluded,  thofe  in  the  Cottage  gave  fome 
Bits  of  Tobacco  to  thofe  without. 

The  fame  Day,  about  Noon,  we  faw  him 
that  had  brought  the  News,  who  affirm'd  they 
had  kill'd  at  lead  Forty  of  their  Enemies. 
After  the  Rejoicing,  all  the  Women  apply'd 
themfelves  to  make  ready  their  Provifions,  fome 
to  pound  Indian  Corn,  others  to  boil  Meal, 
which  they  call  Groulkr^  and  others  to  bake 
Bread,  to  carry  to  the  Warriors.  They  all  fet 
out  the  19th  to  meet  them,  and  we  thought  it 
in  Policy  convenient  to  send  Meat  to  our  Men 
which  was  done  by  the  French  Man  q{  Provence^ 
who  went  with  the  Women. 

That  fame  Day,  at  Night,  the  Vidlorious  Ar- 
my returned,  and  we  were  informed,  that  their 
Enemies  whom  they  call  Cannohatinnoy  had 
expedled  them  boldly,  but  that  having  heard 
the  Noife,  and  felt  the  Effeds  of  our  Mens 
Fire  Arms,  they  all  fled,  fo  that  the  Cenis  had 
either  kill'd  or  taken  Forty  Eight  Men  and 
Women.  They  had  flain  feveral  of  the  lat- 
ter, who  fled  to  the  Tops  of  Trees,  for  want 
of  Time  to  make  their  Escape  otherwife;    fo 

that 


127 

May  1687 

Women  re- 
joice at 
Victory. 


'\ 


\-: 


Account 
of  the  Bat- 
tle fought 
by  the  Ce- 
nis. 


M\ 


\  jl 


.1 


/I 


f  I     r 


I 


II 


ij 


M/i^'ii 


I  28  Monfieur  de  la  S  A  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 


May  1687 

Barbarity 
uf  the  Men 
towards  a 
Woman 
taken. 


Of  the  Wo- 


men. 


Inhuman!- 


Cruel  Tro- 
phies. 


that  many  more  Women  had  perifh'd  than 
Men. 

They  brought  Home  two  of  thofe  Women 
alive,  one  of  whom  had  her  Head  flead  for  the 
Sake  of  her  Hair  and  Skin.  They  gave  that 
wretched  Creature  a  Charge  of  Powder  and  a 
Ball,  and  fent  Her  home,  bidding  her  carry 
that  Prefent  to  her  Nation,  and  to  aflure  them, 
they  fhould  be  again  treated  after  the  fame 
Manner,  that  is,  kill'd  with  Fire  Arms. 

The  other  Woman  was  kept  to  fall  a  Sacri- 
fice to  the  Rage  and  Vengeance  of  the  Wo- 
men and  Maids;  who  having  arm'd  themfelves 
with  thick  Stakes,  fharp  Pointed  at  the  End, 
Conduced  that  Wretch  to  a  By-Place,  where 
each  of  thofe  Furies  began  to  torment  her, 
fometimes  with  the  Point  of  their  Staff,  and 
fometimes  laying  on  her  with  all  their  Might. 
One  tore  off  her  Hair,  another  cut  off  her  Fin- 
ger, and  every  one  of  thofe  outrageous  Women 
endeavour'd  to  put  her  to  fome  exquisite  Tor- 
ture, to  revenge  the  Death  of  their  Husbands 
and  Kinfmen,  who  had  been  kill'd  in  the  former 
Wars;  fo  that  the  unfortunate  Creature  ex- 
pelled her  Death  Stroke,  as  Mercy. 

At  lafl,  one  of  them  gave  her  a  Stroke  with 
a  heavy  Club  on  the  Head,  and  another  run  her 
Stake  feveral  Times  into  her  Body,  with  which 
fhe  fell  down  Dead  on  the  Spot.  Then  they 
cut  that  miferable  Vidlim  into  Morfels,  and 
oblig'd  fome  Slaves  of  that  Nation,  they  had 
been  long  poffefs'd  of  to  eat  them. 

Thus  our  Warriors  return'd  Triumphant 
from  that  Expedition.  They  fpar'd  none  of 
the  Prifoners  they  had  taken,  ^xcept  two  little 
Boys,  and  brought  Home  all  the  Skins  of  their 

Heads 


.1  ( 


k 


i«lVP 


,'< 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


129 


Heads,  with  the  Hair,  to  be  kept  as  Trophies  ^^''y  '687. 
and  glorious  Memorials  of  their  Vidory.  ^<^\'\) 

The  next  Day  all  thofe  Savages  met  in  their 
Chief's  Cottage,  whether  all  the  ahovemen- 
tion'd  Heads  of  Hair  were  carry'd  in  State. 
Then  they  made  extraordinary  Rejoicings  in 
that  Cottage,  whence  they  went  to  the  Huts  of 
the  other  Prime  Men,  to  perform  the  fame  Ce- 
remony. This  Rejoicing  laded  three  Days,  our 
French  Companions,  who  had  been  the  Caufe  of 
their  Vidory,  bemg  call'd  to  it,  and  highly 
entertain'd,  after  their  Manner.  It  will  not 
be  difagreeable  to  the  Reader,  that  I  here  par- 
ticularly defcribe  that  Ceremony,  which  after 
having  been  perform'd  in  the  Cottages  of  the 
Chief  Men,  was  repeated  in  ours. 

In  the  fird  Place,  the  Cottage  was  made  ^ 
very  clean,  adorn'd,  and  abundant  of  Mats  of  Rejoicing 
laid  on  the  Floor,  on  which  the  Elders,  and 
the  mod  confiderable  Perfons  fate;  after  which, 
one  of  them,  who  is  in  the  Nature  of  an  Ora- 
tor, or  Mader  of  the  Ceremonies  dood  up  and 
made  a  Speech,  of  which  we  underdood  not  a 
Word.  Soon  after  that  Difcourse  was  ended, 
the  Warriors  arriv'd,  who  had  flain  any  in 
Battle,  marching  in  their  proper  Order,  each 
of  them  carrying  a  Bow  and  two  Arrows,  and 
before  every  one  of  them  went  his  Wife,  car- 
rying the  Enemies  Head  of  Hair.  Two  little 
Boys,  whofe  Lives  they  had  fpar'd,  as  has  been 
faid  before,  one  of  them  who  was  wounded 
being  a  Horfebaclc,  clos'd  the  proceffion;  at 
the  Head  whereof,  was  a  Woman  carrying  a 
large  Reed,  or  Cane  in  her  Hand. 

As  they  came  up  to  the  Orator,  the  War- 
rior  took   the    Head    of  Hair   his    Wife    had 

K  brought 


i 


1 1, 


I  1 


1  I 


i 


i  I 


A 


i 


ii.  \l; 


u 


'I, 


i 


\    :'!'*(' 


?  f  I      ; 


;|' 


1 30         Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

May  1687.  brought,  and  prefented  it  to  him,  which  the 
^'^'^"^  faid  Orator  receiv'd  with  both  his  Hands,  and 
after  having  held  it  out  towards  the  four  Quar- 
ters of  the  World,  he  laid  it  down  on  the 
Ground,  and  then  took  the  next,  performing 
the  fame  Ceremony,  till  he  had  gone  over  them 
all. 

When  the  Ceremony  was  ended,  they  ferv'd 
up  the  Sagamitey  in  the  Nature  of  Hady  Pud- 
ding, which  thofe  Women  had  provided,  and 
before  any  one  touch'd  it,  the  Mailer  of  the 
Ceremonies  took  fome  in  a  VefTel,  which  he  car- 
ry'd  as  an  Offering  to  thofe  Heads  of  Hair. 
Then  he  lighted  a  Pipe  of  Tabacco,  and 
blow'd  the  Smoke  upon  them.  That  being 
perform'd,  they  all  fell  to  the  Meat,  Bits 
of  the  Woman  that  had  been  facrific  d,  were  ferv'd 
up  to  the  two  Boys  of  her  Nation.  They  alfo  ferv'd 
up  dry'd  Tongues  of  their  Enemies,  and  the 
whole  concluded  with  Dancing  and  Singing 
after  their  Manner:  After  which,  they  went 
to  other  Cottages  to  repeat  the  fame  Cere- 
mony. 

There  was  no  talk  of  our  Defign  till  thofe 
Rejoycings  were  over,  and  I  begn  to  conceive 
good  Hopes  of  our  Succels.  The  two  Murderers, 
Teiffier  and  Larcheveqiie^  who  had  both  a  Hand 
in  the  Death  of  Monfr.  de  la  Sale^  had  promis'd 
to  go  along  with  us,  provided  Monfr.  Cavelier 
would  pardon  them,  and  he  had  given  them 
his  Word  fo  to  do.  In  this  Expedation  we 
continu'd  till  the  25th,  when  our  French  Men, 
who  had  been  at  the  War,  repair'd  to  our  Cot- 
tage, and  we  confulted  about  our  Bufinefs. 

Hiens 


'ti^Mie.vfi&mmfi'^,^m^%^fW^?^(^  -  a 


Hiens 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

Hiens  and  others  of  his  Gang,  difapproving 
of  our  Defign,  reprefented  to  us  fuch  Difficul- 
ties as  they  look'd  upon  to  be  unfurmountable, 
under  which  we  mud  inevitably  perifh,  or  at 
leall  be  oblig'd  to  return  to  the  fame  Place. 
Hiens  told  us,  that  for  his  own  Part,  he  would 
not  hazard  his  Life  to  return  into  France^  only 
to  have  his  Head  chopp'd  off,  and  perceiving 
we  anfwer'd  Nothing  to  that,  but  that  we  per- 
fifted  in  our  Refolution.  //  is  requijite  then^  faid 
he,  to  divide  what  Effects  remain. 

Accordingly  he  laid  afide,  for  F.  Anajlafius, 
Meffieurs  Cavelier^  the  Uncle  and  the  Nephew, 
thirty  Axes,  four  or  five  Dozens  of  Knives,  a- 
bout  thirty  Pounds  of  Powder  and  the  like 
(Quantity  of  Ball.  He  gave  each  of  the 
others  two  Axes,  two  Knives,  two  or  three 
Pounds  of  Powder,  with  as  much  Ball,  and 
kept  the  reft.  As  for  the  Horfes,  he  kept 
the  beft  and  left  us  the  three  leaft.  Monfieur 
Cavelier  ask'd  him  for  fome  Strings  of  Beads, 
which  he  granted,  and  feiz'd  upon  all  the  late 
Monfr.  de  la  Sale's  Cloaths,  Baggage  and  other 
EfFedls,  befides  above  a  thoufand  Livres  in  Mo- 
ney, which  belong'd  to  the  late  Monfr.  le  Gros, 
who  dy'd  at  our  Dwelling  of  St.  Lewis.  Before 
our  Departure,  it  was  a  fenfible  Afflidion  to  us, 
to  fee  that  Villain  walk  about,  in  a  fcarlet  Coat, 
with  gold  Galons,  which  had  belcng'd  to  the 
late  Monfr.  de  la  Sale,  and  which,  as  I  have  faid, 
he  had  feiz'd. 

After  that,  Hiens  and  his  Companions  with- 
drew to  their  own  Cottage,  and  we  refolv'd 
not  to  put  oiF  our  Departure  any  longer.  Ac- 
cordingly, we  made  ready  our  Horfes,  which 
much  alarm'd  the  Natives,  and  efpecially  the 

K  2  Chief 


Mas  1687 


Hiens 
gives  the  0- 
thers  what 
he  pleafes, 
and  feizes 
the  reft  of 
the  EffeHi. 


Mr.  Ca- 
velier and 
his  Company 
part  from 
the  others. 


i 


'•■■■  I 


(> 


■A\' 


ri 


,t 


M. 


•if)  / 


\ 


t 


it' 


ji 


i! 


L 


132 

M<jj(  1687 

lots; 


French 
Men  ft  ay 
with  the 
Indians. 


Only  /even 
Jet  out  for 
Canada. 


Monjieur  dc  la  S  a  l  e  'j  Second  Voyage 

Chief  of  them,  who  faid  and  did  all  he  could  to 
obftrudl  our  Journey,  promifing  us  Wives, 
Plenty  of  Provifions,  reprefenting  to  us  the 
immenfe  Dangers,  as  well  from  Enemies,  who 
furrounded  them,  as  from  the  bad  and  impaf- 
fable  Ways  and  the  many  Woods  and  Rivers 
we  were  to  pafs.  However,  we  were  not  to 
be  moved,  and  only  aslc'd  one  Kindnefs  of  him, 
in  obtaining  of  which,  there  were  many  Diffi- 
culties, and  it  was,  that  he  would  give  us 
Guides  to  condu(5l  us  to  Cappa\  but  at  length, 
after  much  Trouble  and  many  Promifes  of  a 
good  Reward,  one  was  granted,  and  two  others 
went  along  with  him. 

All  Thmgs  being  thus  order'd  for  our  Depar- 
ture, we  took  Leave  of  our  Hofts,  pafs'd  by 
Heins's  Cottage  and  embrac'd  him  and  his  Com- 
panions. We  aslc'd  him  for  another  Horfe, 
which  he  granted.  He  defired  an  Atteftation 
in  Laiin  or  Monfieur  Cavelier^  that  he  had  not 
been  concern'd  in  the  Murder  of  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale,  which  was  given  him,  becaufe  there  was 
no  refufing  of  it;  and  we  set  forward  without 
Larcheveque  and  Meunier,  who  did  not  keep  their 
Word  with  us,  but  remain'd  among  thole  Bar- 
barians, being  infatuated  with  that  Courfe  oi 
Libertinifm  they  had  run  themfelves  into.  Thus 
there  were  only  feven  of  us  that  lluck  together 
to  return  to  Canada,  viz.  Father  Anafiafius, 
Meffieurs  Cavelier  the  Uncle  and  the  Nephew, 
the  Sieur  de  Marie,  one  Teiffter,  a  young  Man 
born  at  Paris,  whose  Name  was  Bartholomew  and 
I,  with  fix  horfes  and  the  three  Indians,  who 
were  to  be  our  Guides;  a  very  fmall  Number 
for  fo  great  an  Enterprize,  but  we  put  ourfelves 
entirely  into  the  Hands  of  Divine  Providence, 

con- 


Is  '     i'j' 


I 


4 


i^ 


,. 


=?2»»>*:-u«u«l 


}U 


Id  to 


/«/o    NORTH     AMERICA. 


^33 


confiding  in  God's  Mercy,  which  did  not  for-    May  1687 
fake  us.  ^      ^•V>J 

After  the  firll  Day's  Journey  we  incamp'd 
on  the  Bank  of  the  River,  we  had  left  not  long 
before,  lay  there  that  Night,  and  the  next  Day, 
cut  down  Trees  to  make  a  Sort  of  Bridge  or 
Planks  to  pafs  over  it;  handing  over  our  Goods 
from  one  to  another,  and  fwimming  over  our 
Horfes;  which  Work  we  were  frequently  o- 
blig'd  to  repeat,  and  as  often  as  we  had  after- 
wards Occafion  to  pafs  Rivers  on  our  Way, 
which  we  held  on  till  the  29th,  every  Day 
meeting  with  fome  Cottage,  and  at  laft,  a  Ham- 
let or  Village,  into  which  we  went,  and  the 
Indian  Inhaoitants  told  us,  they  were  call'd 
Nahordikbe^  and  that  they  were  Allies  to  the 
Cents. 

We  barter'd  with  them  for  fome  Provifions, 
and  their  Chief  offer'd  to  go  with  us  as  far  as 
the  AJ'onySy  who  were  not  farther  off  than  about  V-^u"'^' 
three  Leagues,  which  he  accordingly  did ;  but  ^„- 
it  happening  to  rain  when  we  came  thither, 
and  the  AjTonys  having  had  no  Notice  before 
hand,  we  found  but  indifferent  Reception. 

However,  we  were  condudled  to  the  Chief's 
Cottage  ;  the  Elders  had  Notice  given  them, 
they  reforted  thither,  and  when  our  Horfes 
were  unloaded,  and  our  Goods  plac'd  in  a  Cor- 
ner of  the  Cottage,  which  the  Chief  had  al- 
lotted us,  we  gave  them  to  underftand,  that 
our  Intention  was  to  go  farther,  to  fetch  Com- 
modities to  trade  with  them,  at  which  they 
were  pleas'd.  They  gave  us  to  eat,  and  the 
Elders  flay'd  fome  Part  of  the  Evening  with  us, 
which  made  us  fomewhat  Uneafy,  and  oblig'd  us 

K  3  to 


»! 


I 


I      ^^ 


1' 


' 


:V 


aii3iSI336«SM<fci,„ 


Mil 


m 


1{ 


iwp 


^^ 


r 


'111 


) 


'D 


t 


1 


,   ;       •' 
f  '       * 

I 

) 

'  1 


t!i! 


i'lli 


1:1/  . 


M.r'l 


,;) 


1  ly 


f\ 


f . 


Ir 


I't^l 


Jtw 1687 


tertain 
ment 


Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j-  Second  Voyage 

to  be  upon   our   Guard ;    however    the    Night 
pafs'd  without  any  Diflurbance. 

The  next  Morning  the  Elders  came  to  us  a- 
gain.  They  had  provided  Mats  without  the 
Cottage,  and  made  Signs  to  us  to  go  thither 
and  fit  down  upon  them,  as  we  did,  leaving  two 
of  our  Company  to  guard  the  Baggage.  We 
repeated  to  them  what  we  had  faid  the  Night 
before,  and  made  them  fome  Prefents  of  Axes, 
Knives,  Strings  of  Beads  and  Rings.  They  fig- 
nify'd  they  were  forry  we  would  go  away,  and 
endeavour'd  the  befl  they  could,  to  make  us 
fenfible  of  the  fame  Obftacles  the  others  had 
fignify'd  to  us  ;  but  it  was  all  in  Vain ;  howe- 
ver, we  ftay'd  till  the  first  of  June^  all  the  while 
bartering  and  gathering  tiie  bell:  stock  of  Pro- 
vifions  we  could. 

The  Second,  we  remov'd  from  that  Cottage, 
where  we  had  fome  Jealoufy,  and  went  to  a- 
nother,  a  Quarter  of  a  League  from  it,  where 
the  Chief  of  it  gave  us  a  very  good  Reception, 
An  old  Woman,  who  was  either  his  Mother, 
or  Governefs  of  the  Cottage,  took  particular 
Care  of  us :  We  were  firft  ferv'd  at  eating,  and 
to  keep  her  in  that  good  Mind,  we  now  and 
then  made  her  fome  little  Prefents,  whilft  fhc; 
by  her  Care  and  Kindnefs,  fpar'd  our  Provifi 
ons,  which  were  necefsary  for  our  Jour- 
ney. 

Rain  oblig'd  us  to  flay  there 
During  our  Stay,  the  Natives 
Feafts,  to  which  we  were  al- 
ways invited;  and  at  length  the  Rain  ceafing, 
we  refolv'd  to  fet  out,  notwithftanding  al! 
Monfieur  Cavelier  and  the  Prieft's  Apprehen- 
which  we  furmounted,  and  dircded  our 

Courfe 


A  continual 
the   13th. 
made    feveral 


*  1 « 

till 


fions 


.tflh.«<-'..v»- 


mi^ 


«p 


^^!r 


info   NORTH    AMERICA. 


135 


Courfe  towards  the  A'^.  E.  with  two  Indians,  7'^"^  '687 
who  were  to  condud:  us  only  a  fmall  Way,  and  *'^''^'>-' 
who  accordingly  foon  left  us,  whatfoever  Pro- 
mifes  we  could  make  them.  They  departed  to 
return  Home,  promifing  they  would  come  to  us 
again.  We  encamp'd  that  Night  on  the  Bank 
of  a  Rivulet. 

The  14th  and  15th,  we  held  on  our  Way,  Bad  Ways. 
frequently  meeting  with  Sloughs,  which  very 
much  fatigued  us,  because  we  were  oblig'd  to 
unload  our  Horfes  for  them  to  pafs,  and  pre- 
vent their  flicking  in  the  Mire  and  fat  Soil, 
whence  we  could  not  have  drawn  them  out,  and 
confequently  we  were  fain  to  carry  all  our  Lug- 
gage on  our  own  Backs. 

Whilfl  we  halted  about  Noon,  that  our 
Horfes  might  graze,  as  was  ufually  done  by  us, 
we  difcover'd  our  two  Ajfony  Indians  returning 
towards  us,  at  which  we  were  much  rejoiced, 
becaufe  th.y  had  a  better  Notion  than  our- 
felves  of  the  Way  we  were  to  go.  We  made 
them  eat  and  fmoke,  and  then  fet  out  a- 
gain. 

The  1 6th,  we  came  to  a  great  River,  which 
wc  pafs'd  as  we  had  done  the  firft,  and  after 
that,  met  with  very  bad  Ways. 

The  17th,  one  of  our  Company  being  in- 
difpos'd,  we  could  not  fet  out  till  Noon,  and 
held  on  till  the  21  ft,  croffmg  feveral  Sloughs  and 
Rivers,  and  then  one  of  our  Indians  being  out  of 
Order,  it  oblig'd  us  to  ftay  on  the  Bank  of  a 
River  we  had  pafs'd.  The  other  Indian  feeing 
his  comrade  fick,  went  a  Hunting,  and  brought 
a  wild  Goat;  for  there  are  many  in  that  Coun- 
try. The  Indians  have  the  Art  of  dreffing  the 
Heads  of  thofe  Creatures,  which  they  put  upon 

K  4  their 


i 


\  I 


ii' 


m 


i  *: 


^ 


I 


\ 


p.™* 


IWTT 


v.v  t 


U  ' 


I  i 


^4l 


,  /'!\'f/^' 


>i|   < 


;/ 


136 

7i!/«,?  1687 


Gotjts  and 
Wild  Fowl. 


Fine  Mea- 
dowi. 


Monjieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

their  own,  and  imitate  them  fo  exadlly,  that 
they  can  come  very  near  to  them,  and  then 
feldom  fail  of  killing.  The  fame  Method  they 
ufe  for  Turkeys  and  other  wild  Fowl,  and  fo 
draw  them  clofe  to  themfelves. 

The  2 2d,  our  Indian  being  fomewhat  recover'd 
we  decamp'd  and  proceeded  along  a  better 
Way  and  pleafanter  Country,  than  that  v/e  had 
left  behind,  and  as  we  enquir'd  the  bed  we  could 
of  thofe  our  Indians^  concerning  the  Neighbour- 
ing Nations  and  thofe  we  were  going  towards, 
among  others  they  nam'd  to  us,  that  they  call'd 
Cappa.  M.  Cavelier  told  us,  he  remember'd  he  had 
heard  his  late  Brother  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  name 
that  Nation,  and  fay  he  had  ^tcn  it  as  he  went 
from  Canada  towards  the  Miffifipi.  This  put 
us  in  Hopes,  that  we  fhould  fucceed  in  our  Dif- 
covery. 

The  23d,  being  near  a  Vfllage,  we  had  been 
in  Search  of,  one  of  our  Indians  went  before,  to 
give  Notice  of  our  Arrival.  In  the  mean  Time 
we  crofs'd  mod  lovely  Plains  and  Meadows, 
border'd  with  fine  Groves  of  beautiful  Trees, 
where  the  Grafs  was  fo  high,  that  it  hinder'd 
our  Horfes  going,  and  we  were  oblig'd  to 
clear  the  PaiTage  for  them. 

When  we  were  within  Half  a  League  of  the 
Village,  we  faw  an  Indian^  mounted  on  a  large 
grey  Mare,  coming  along  with  our  Native, 
to  meet  us,  and  were  to'd,  that  Horfeman 
was  the  Chief  of  the  Village,  attended  by  fome 
others  of  the  fame  Place.  As  foon  as  that  Chief 
came  up  to  us,  he  exprefs'd  very  much  Kindnefs 
and  Affeftion  ;  we  gave  him  to  underftand,  that 
we  did  no  Bod-  iny  Harm,  unlefs  we  were  firfl 
attack'd.     Then  we  made  him  fmoke,  and  when 

that 


d  then 
d  they 
and  fo 


Dif. 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

that  was  done,  he  made  Signs  to  us  to  follow 
him,  which  we  did,  till  we  came  to  the  Bank 
of  a  River,  where  he  again  delir'd  us  to  (lay, 
whilft  he  went  to  give  Notice  to  the  El- 
ders. 

Soon  after,  a  Number  of  them  came,  and  ha- 
ving join'd  us,  fignify'd,  that  they  were  come 
to  carry  us  to  their  Village.  Our  Indians  made 
Signs,  that  it  was  the  Cuftom  of  the  Country, 
and  we  muft  fubmit,  and  let  them  do  as  they 
thought  fit.  Tho'  we  were  much  out  of  Counte- 
nance at  that  Ceremony,  fcven  of  the  prime 
Men  among  them  would  have  up  mount  on  their 
Backs  or  Shoulders.  Monlleur  Cavelier  being 
our  Chief,  mounted  firft,  and  then  the  reft  did 
the  fame. 

As  for  my  own  Part,  being  of  a  pretty  large 
Size  and  loaded  with  Cloaths,  a  Firelock,  a 
Cafe  of  Piftols,  Powder  and  Ball,  a  Kettle  and 
other  Implements,  there  is  no  Doubt  but  I  made 
a  fufficient  Burden  for  him  i:hat  carry'd  me,  and 
becaufe  I  was  taller  than  he  and  my  Feet  would 
have  hung  upon  the  Ground,  two  other  Indians 
held  them  up  for  me ;  fo  that  I  had  three  to 
carry  me.  Other  Indians  took  hold  of  our 
Horfes  to  lead  them,  and  in  that  ridiculous  E- 
quipage  we  arriv'd  at  the  Village.  Our  Carriers, 
who  had  gone  a  long  Quarter  of  a  League,  had 
need  enough  to  reft,  and  we  to  be  fet  down, 
that  we  might  laugh  in  private,  for  it  behov'd 
us  to  take  Care  not  to  do  it  before  them. 

As  foon  as  we  were  come  to  the  Chief's  Cot- 
tage, where  we  found  above  two  hundred  Per- 
fons,  who  were  come  to  fee  us,  and  that  our 
Horfes  were  unloaded,  the  Elders  gave  us  to 
underftand,  that   it   was   their  Cuftom  to  wafti 

Strangers 


^^7 

June  1687 


M.    Cave- 
lier and 
the  reft 
carry'  ti  on 
the  BtJcks 
of  Indhins. 


Ceremo- 
nies at 
their  Re- 
ception. 


i< 


1'  1 


(^ 


"1 


^^ 


I 


\ 


■^^ 


l-l'^'^ 


'  'I' 
■4nb 


■  • 

' 

\ 

'\ 

) 

; 

138 

June 16S7 


Speeches 
made  to 
them. 


Their  En- 
tertain- 
ment. 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

Strangers  at  their  firft  Coming ;  but  that  we  be- 
ing clad,  they  would  only  wafh  our  Faces ; 
which  one  of  thofe  elders  did,  with  fair  Water 
they  had  in  a  Sort  of  Earthen  VefTel,  and  he 
only  wafh'd  our  Forehead. 

After  this  second  Ceremony,  the  Chief  made 
Signs  to  us,  to  fit  Hrwn  on  a  Sort  of  little  Scaf- 
fold, rais'd  about  /  ^"oot  above  the  Ground,  and 
made  of  Wood  ana  Canes,  where  when  we  were 
plac'd,  the  Chiefs  of  the  Villages  being  four  in 
Number,  came  and  made  Speeches  to  us,  one 
after  another.  We  liftened  to  them  with  Pa- 
tience, tho'  we  underliood  not  one  Word  of 
what  they  faid  to  us ;  being  tir'd  with  the 
Length  of  their  Harangues,  and  much  more 
with  the  violent  Heat  of  the  Sun,  which  was 
juft  over  our  Heads. 

When  the  Speeches  were  ended,  the  Purport 
whereof,  as  near  as  we  could  guefs,  was  only  to 
aflure  us,  that  we  were  very  welcome ;  we  gave 
them  to  underftand,  that  we  were  going  into 
our  own  Country,  defigning  to  return  fpeedily, 
to  bring  them  feveral  Sorts  of  Commodities  and 
fuch  Things  as  they  fhould  ftand  in  need 
of. 

Next,  we  made  them  the  ufual  Prefents  of 
Axes,  Knives,  Strings  of  Beads,  Needles  and 
Pins,  for  their  Wives,  telling  them,  that 
when  we  return'd  we  would  give  them 
more. 

We  farther  fignify'd  to  them,  that  if  they 
would  afford  us  fome  Corn  or  Meal,  we  would 
give  them  other  Things  in  Exchange,  which 
they  agreed  to.  After  this  they  made  us  eat 
Sagamiie,  or  Hafty-pudding,  Bread,  Beans,  Pom- 
pions  and  other  Things,  which  we  had  fufficient 

Need 


T 


WW 


mmmmm^m 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 


139 


Need  of.  Mofl  of  us  having  fcarce  eaten  any  Ji^"'  1687 
Thing  all  that  Day,  fome  for  Want,  and  others  >''»^J 
out  of  Devotion,  as  Monfr.  Cavelier,  who  would 
obferve  the  Fall  of  St.  John  Baptijl\  Eve, 
whofe  Name  he  bore.  It  is  to  be  obferv'd, 
that  the  Pompions  are  incomparably  better 
there,  than  with  us. 

The  24th,  the  Elders  met  again  in  our  Cot- 
tage. We  gave  them  to  underhand,  they 
would  oblige  us,  in  furnifhing  Guides  to  con- 
du6l  us  to  the  Village  of  Cappa,  which  was  in 
our  Way;  but  inftead  of  granting  it,  they  ear- 
neftly  intreated  us,  to  ftay  with  them  and  go 
to  the  Wars  againfl:  their  Enemies,  having  been 
told  Wonders  of  our  Firelocks,  which  we  pro- 
mis'd  to  do  when  we  retu'-n'd,  and  that  it  fhould 
be  fhortly,  and  they  feem'd  to  reft  fatisfy'd. 

Thus  our  Hopes  increas'd,  but  the  Joy  it  oc- 
cafion'd  was  allay'd  by  a  difmal  Accident  that 
befell  us.  Monfieur  de  Mar/e,  one  of  the  prime  „  , 
Men  of  our  Company,  having  Breakfafled,  Mai-le 
would  needs  go  Bath  himfelf  in  the  River  we  drown' d. 
had  pafs'd  the  Day  before,  and  not  knowing 
how  to  fwim,  he  went  too  far  and  (lep'd  into 
a  Hole,  whence  he  could  not  recover  himfelf, 
but  was  unfortunately  drowned.  Young  Mon- 
fieur Cavelier,  having  been  told  that  Monsieur 
de  Marie  was  going  to  Bath  himfelf,  ran  after 
him,  and  coming  to  the  River,  faw  he  was 
drowning,  he  ran  back  to  acquaint  us:  We 
hafted  thither  with  a  Number  of  Indians,  who 
were  there  before  us;  but  all  too  late,  fome  of 
them  div'd,  and  brought  him  up  dead  from 
the  Bottom  of  the  Water. 


111  l' 


\ 


I     ' 


"A  f    [  T 


\ 


mi 


I 


r,; 


We 


;1 


Ml       I 


\ 


^■iU4,  .J    ; 


)i 


d 


•   I 


JfJ 


,.,, 


V     1 


jl, 


'I 


p 


. 


Km  ^ 


140 

yanf  1687 

raU 


Hum,:)iity 
ef  the  In- 
dians. 


Indian  Ce- 
remony to 
the  Dead. 


Indian 

Nations. 


Monjicur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j  Second  Foyage 

We  carry'd  him  to  the  Cottage,  fhedding 
many  Tears,  the  Indians  bore  Part  in  our  Sor- 
row, and  we  paid  him  the  laft  Duties,  offering 
up  the  ufual  Prayers;  after  which  he  was  bury- 
ed  in  a  fmall  Field,  behind  the  Cottage;  and 
whereas,  during  that  doleful  Ceremony,  we 
pray'd,  reading  in  our  Books,  particularly  Mon- 
ileur  Cavelier^  the  Pried  and  Father  Anajiaftus, 
the  Indians  gaz'd  on  us  with  Amazement,  be- 
caufe  we  talk'd,  looking  upon  the  Leaves,  and 
we  endeavour'd  to  give  them  to  understand,  that 
we  pray'd  to  God  for  the  dead  Man,  pointing 
up  to  Heaven. 

We  mull  do  this  Right  to  those  good  Peo- 
ple, as  to  declare,  that  they  exprefs'd  fingular 
Humanity  upon  that  doleful  Accident,  as  ap- 
pear'd  by  the  fenfible  Teflimony  of  their  Ani- 
ons, and  all  the  Methods  they  us'd  to  let  us 
underftand  how  great  a  Share  they  bore  in  our 
Sorrow;  which  we  fhould  not  have  found  in  fe- 
veral  Parts  of  Europe. 

During  our  lliort  Stay  in  that  Place,  we  ob- 
ferv'd  a  Ceremony  that  was  perform'd  by  the 
Chief's  Wife,  viz.  that  every  Morning  (he 
went  to  Monfieur  de  Marie's  Grave,  and  car- 
ry'd a  little  Basket  of  parch'd  Ears  of  Corn  to 
lay  on  it,  the  meaning  whereof  we  could  not 
underftand.  Before  our  Departure,  we  were 
inform'd,  that  the  Villages  belonging  to  our 
Hofts,  being  four  in  Number,  all  ally'd  toge- 
ther were  call'd,  Ajfon)\  Natbofos,  Nachitos  and 
Cadodaquio. 

On  the  27th,  having  been  inform'd  by  the 
Natives,  that  we  Ihould  find  Canoes,  to  pafs  a 
River  that  was  on  our  Way.  Father  Anaflafms 
and   I  went  to  fee  whether,  what  they  told  us 

was 


jmimmmimm 


imSMN 


■■v 


T 


f 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

was  true.  We  found  that  River  was  a  Branch 
of  the  fame  we  had  already  pafs'd,  the  Channel 
of  it  being  pleafant  and  navigable,  and  faw 
fome  Canoes,  in  one  of  which  the  Indians  car- 
ry'd  us  over  to  the  other  Side,  whether  we  went 
to  fee  what  convenient  Place  there  was  for  our 
Horfes  to  come  alhore.  We  found  a  very 
proper  Place,  and  returning,  made  our  Report 
to  Monfieur  Cave/ier,  who  being  then  much  out 
of  Order  with  Pains  in  his  Feet,  we  were  ob- 
lig'd  to  flay  there,  till  the  30th. 

During  that  Time,  we  were  frequently  vi- 
fited  by  the  Ir/4ians,  both  Old  and  Young,  and 
of  both  Sexes,  and  even  the  Chiefs  of  the  Na- 
tion, call'd  Janiquo,  came  to  see  us,  and  with 
them  we  often  convers'd  in  dumb  Show,  and  e- 
very  Evening  the  Women,  attended  by  the  War- 
riors, with  their  Bows  and  Arrows,  reforted  to 
our  Cottage,  to  fing  a  doleful  Sort  of  Song, 
fhedding  Tears  at  the  fame  Time.  This  would 
have  given  us  fome  Uneafiness,  had  we  not 
before  feen  the  fame  Ceremony,  and  been  in- 
form'd,  that  thofe  Women  repair  in  that  Man- 
ner to  the  Chief's  Cottage,  to  intreat  him,  fing- 
ing  and  weeping,  to  take  Revenge  on  thofe, 
who  have  kill'd  their  Husbands,  or  Relations, 
in  former  Wars,  as  I  have  obferv'd  before.  In 
all  other  Respeds,  the  Manners  and  Cufloms  of 
this  Nation,  being  much  the  fame  as  thofe  of 
the  Cenis,  I  fliall  add  no  more  concerning 
them. 

The  29th,  at  Night,  we  gave  Notice  to  the 
Chif'f,  that  we  would  fet  out  the  next  Day,  we 
made  him  fome  Prefents  in  particular,  and  the 
like  to  his  Wife,  becaufe  Ihe  had  taken  special 
Care  of  us,  and   departed  on  the  30th.     The 

Chief, 


141 

June  1687 


Janiquo 

Nation, 


Doleful 
Entertain- 
ment. 


i 


i 


- 


'■ffl«>»i 


)' 


■I  ' 


I 


! 


l:.|f 


(      i 


i 


|i,i"KS 


li 


142  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

June  1687  Chief,  attended  by  many  other  Indians^  whom 


O-'VNJ 


Cadoda- 
quio  Vil- 
lage. 


"vve  found  in  the  Cottages  on  our  Way,  went 
to  Condud  us  as  far  as  the  River,  which  we 
crofs'd  in  Canoes,  and  fwam  over  our  Horfes. 
There  we  took  Leave  of  our  Condudors,  to 
whom  we  gave  some  Strings  of  Beads  for  their 
Wives,  and  their  Chief  would  needs  Condud 
us  to  the  next  Village. 

By  the  Way  we  came  to  a  Cottage,  where 
our  Guide  made  us  halt,  and  there  they  gave 
us  to  eat.  Then  we  held  on  our  Journey  to  a 
Village  call'd  Cadodaquio,  and  were  conduded 
to  the  Chief's  Cottage,  who  receiv'd  us  courte- 
oufly,  being  a  Friend  to  him  that  went  with  us. 
It  was  requifite  to  unload  our  Horfes  to  lie 
there,  and  we  fignified  to  the  Chief,  that  '/e 
flood  in  Need  of  Provifions.  He  fpoke  to  the 
Women,  who  brought  us  fome  Meal,  which  we 
purchafed  with  Strings  of  Beads,  and  the  Chief, 
who  conduded  us  thither,  took  his  Leave. 

Having  no  Defign  to  flay  there  any  Time, 
we  had  defired  the  Chief  to  appoint  fome  Per- 
fon  to  guide  us  to  the  Village  call'd  Cahainihoua, 
which  was  in  our  Way.  It  happen'd  by  good 
P'ortune,  that  there  were  then  in  that  Place 
fome  Men  and  Women  of  the  faid  Village,  who 
who  were  come  to  fetch  fome  Wood,  fit  to 
make  Bows,  there  being  Plenty  of  that  Sort  of 
Trees  they  make  them  of,  about  the  Village  we 
were  in.  We  signify'd  our  Defign  to  them  and 
they  gave  us  to  underfiand  they  would  be  glad 
to  bear  us  Company.  In  the  Converfation  we 
had  with  them,  they  made  us  comprehend,  that 
they  had  feen  People  like  us,  who  had  Firelocks 
and  a  Houfe,  and  that  they  were  acquainted 
with  the  Cappds^  which  was  very  pleafing  to  us. 

Becaufe 


I'  I 


i««*>filiffW 


^IP« 


, 


B55StSS.>....* 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

Becaufe  they  were  not  to  depart  till  two  Days 
after,  we  refolv'd  to  Hay  for  them. 

We  obferv'd,  that  there  was  a  Difference 
between  the  Language  of  thofe  People  and  the 
Inhabitants  of  the  Village  we  were  in,  from 
that  of  the  CeniSy  and  that  they  had  some  pecu- 
liar Ceremonies,  one  whereof  is,  that  when 
the  Women  have  their  Terms,  they  leave  the 
Company  of  their  Hulbands  and  withdraw  into 
other  Cottages  appointed  for  that  Purpofe, 
which  no  Perfon  is  to  come  near,  upon  Pain 
of  being  reputed  unclean. 

Thofe  Women  have  their  Faces  ftill  more 
diffigur'd,  than  the  others  we  had  feen  before ; 
for  they  make  feveral  Streaks,  or  Scores  on  them, 
whereas  the  others  had  but  one.  They  adorn 
themfelves  with  little  Locks  of  fine  red  Hair ; 
which  they  make  fall  to  their  Ears,  in  the 
Nature  of  Pendants.  h\  other  Respefts  liiey 
are  not  difagreeable,  ind  neither  Women  nor 
Maids  are  fo  ill-natur'd  as  to  make  their  Lovers 
pine  for  them.  They  are  not  difficult  of  Accefs, 
and  they  foon  make  a  Return  for  a  fmall  Pre- 
fent. 

The  Men  wear  their  Hair  fhort,  like  our 
CapucinSy  they  anoint  it  with  a  sort  of  Oyl,  or 
Greafe,  and  curl  it  like  fnails,  after  which  they 
drew  on  it  a  Sort  of  Down,  or  Lint,  died  red, 
as  we  do  Powder,  which  is  done  when  they  de- 
llgn  to  be  very  fine,  in  order  to  appear  in  their 
Aflemblies.  They  are  very  fond  of  their  Chil- 
dren, and  all  the  Way  of  chaflifing  them  they 
ufe,  is  to  throw  Water  at  them,  without  ever 
beating  or  giving  them  ill  Words. 

The 


H3 

June  1687 
♦•VNJ 


Peculiar 
Cuftom. 


Ornaments 
of  Women. 


The  Men. 


t 


1' 


il 


'  ^11  f 


n 


♦'        ' 


V  \. 


lu 


)L 


1  ?  ^  Vi 


•  I 


1 44  Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  e  *i  Second  Foyage 


July  1687 


Game. 


The  Indians  that  were  of  the  Village  of  Co- 
hainiboua  and  to  condudl  us  thither,  not  being 
ready  to  fet  out  on  Wednefday  the  2d  of  July^ 
as  they  had  promis'd,  a  young  Indian  offer'd 
himfelf,  faying,  he  would  condud  us  fafe  thi- 
ther, and  we  fet  out  with  him,  dill  direding 
our  Courfe  towards  the  N.  E.  We  kept  clofe 
along  the  fame  River  we  had  crofs'd,  and  found 
it  very  pleafant  and  navigable,  the  Banks  of 
it  cover'd  with  fine  Trees  of  feveral  Sorts. 

We  had  not  travell'd  above  a  League,  before 
our  Guide  gave  us  to  underftand,  that  he  had 
forgot  a  Piece  of  hard  dry'd  Skin  he  had  to 
make  him  Shoes,  which  he  would  go  fetch  and 
return  to  us,  pointing  to  us  with  his  Hand, 
which  Way  we  were  to  go,  and  telling  us  we 
fhould  foon  come  to  a  River. 

This  fudden  Change  in  the  Indian  was  fome- 
what  furprizing  and  very  much  perplex'd  us ; 
however  we  held  on  our  Way,  and  foon  came 
to  the  River  he  had  mention'd  to  us,  which  was 
very  pleafant  and  deep.  We  crofs'd  it  the  next 
Day,  on  a  Sort  of  Float,  which  we  made  with 
much  Toil  and  Labour,  and  our  Horfes  fwam 
over.  Some  Time  after  we  were  paffed,  we  faw 
the  Indians  coming,  who  had  promifed  to  bear 
us  Company,  and  were  glad  to  find  our  Float, 
to  crofs  the  fame  River,  as  they  did,  and 
proceeded  on  our  Journey  all  together. 

The  4th,  5th  and  6th,  we  did  the  fame, 
croffing  a  very  fine  Country,  but  water'd  by 
many  Brooks,  Streams  and  Rivers.  We  found 
Abundance  of  wild  Goats,  Turkeys  and  other 
wild  Fowl,  whereof  our  Indians  kill'd  manv. 

On  the  6th,  whilrt  we  halted  on  the  Bank  of 
a  River  to  eat,  we  heard  the  Tingling  of  fome 

fmall 


T 


into  NORTH     AMERICA. 


H5 


Kind  Re- 
it'ption. 


fmall  Bells;  which  making  us  look  about,  we  fpy'd    7*6'  '687 
an  Indian  with  a  naked  Sword- Blade  in  his  Hand,    >^«^J 
adorned   with  Feathers  of  feveral   Colours,  and 
two  large  Hawks  Bells,  that  occafion'd  "ihe  Noife 
we  had  heard. 

He  made  Signs  for  us  to  come  to  him,  and 
gave  us  to  underiland,  that  he  was  fent  by  the 
Elders  of  the  Village,  whither  we  were  going, 
to  meet  us,  careiVing  us  after  an  extraordinary 
Manner.  I  obferv'd  that  it  was  a  Spanilli 
Blade  he  had,  and  that  he  took  Pleafure  in  ring- 
ing the  Hawks  Bells. 

Having  travell'd  about  half  a  League  with  him, 
we  difcover'd  a  Dozen  of  other  Indians  coming 
towards  us,  who  made  very  much  of  and  con- 
duced us  the  Village,  to  the  Chief's  Cottage, 
where  we  found  dry'd  Bear-Skins  laid  on  the 
Ground,  and  they  made  us  fit  on  them,  where 
we  were  treated  with  Eatables,  as  were  the 
Elders  after  us,  and  a  Throng  of  Women  came 
to  fee  us. 

The  7th,  the  Elders  came  to  give  us  a  Vifit, 
bringingustwo  Bullocks  Hides, four  Otters  Skins, 
one  white  Wild-Goat's  Skin,  all  of  them  well 
dry'd,  and  4  Bows,  in  Return  for  the  Prefent  we 
had  before  made  them.  The  Chief  and  another 
came  again  fome  Time  after,  bringing  two 
Loaves,  the  fineit  and  the  best  we  had  yet  feen. 
They  look'd  as  if  they  had  been  bak'd  in  an 
Oven,  and  yet  v/e  had  not  obferv'd,  that  there 
were  Ovens  among  any  of  them.  That  Chief 
ilay'd  with  us  fome  Hours,  he  feem'd  to  be  very 
ingenious  and  difcreet,  and  eafily  underllood 
our  Signs,  which  were  molt  of  the  Language 
we  had.  Having  order'd  a  little  Boy  to  bring 
us  all  we  had  Occafion  for,  he  withdrew. 

L  Towards 


Prefents. 


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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


4i^ 


■v  1      S 


I ;  I'll 


m 


146 


>/y  1687 
the  Pipe. 


•  I 


I    *-M, 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

Towards  the  Evening,  we  were  entertain'd 
with  aCeremony  we  had  not  feen  before.  ACom- 
pany  of  Elders,  attended  by  fome  young  Men 
and  Women  came  to  our  Cottage  in  a  Body, 
finging  as  loud  as  they  could  roar.  The  fore- 
mofl  of  them  had  a  Calumet^  fo  they  call  a  very 
long  Sort  of  Tabacco  Pipe,  adorn'd  with  feveral 
Sorts  of  Feathers.  When  they  had  fung  a 
while,  before  our  Cottage,  they  enter'd  it,  Hill 
finging  on,  for  about  a  Quarter  of  an  Hour. 
After  that,  they  took  Monfieur  Cavelier  the 
Prieft,  as  being  our  Chief,  led  him  in  folemn 
Manner  out  of  the  Cottage,  fupporting  him 
under  the  Arms.  When  they  were  come  to  a 
Place  they  had  prepared,  one  of  them  laid  a 
great  Handful  of  Grafs  on  his  feet,  two  others 
brought  fair  Water  in  an  Earthen  Dish,  with 
which  they  wafh'd  his  Face,  and  then  made  him 
fit  down  on  a  Skin,  provided  for  that  Pur- 
pofe. 

When  Monfieur  Cavelier  was  feated,  the  El- 
ders took  their  Places,  fitting  round  about 
him,  and  the  Mafter  of  the  Ceremonies  fix'd 
in  the  Ground  two  little  wooden  Forks,  and 
having  laid  a  Stick  acrofs  them,  all  being  paint- 
ed red,  he  placed  on  them  a  Bullock's  Hide, 
dryed,  a  Goat's  Skin  over  that,  and  then  laid 
the  Pipe  thereon. 

The  Song  was  begun  again,  the  Women 
mixing  in  the  Chorus,  and  the  Concert  was 
heightned  by  great  hollow  Calabafhes  or  Gourds, 
in  which  there  were  large  Gravel  Stones,  to 
make  a  Noife,  the  Indians  Itriking  on  them  by 
Meafure,  to  anfwer  the  Tone  of  the  Choir ;  and 
the  pleafanteft  of  all  was,  that  one  of  the  Indians 
plac'd  himfelf  behind  Monfieur  Cavelier  to  hold 

him 


li'j 


the  El- 
about 
1  fix'd 
5,  and 
paint- 
Hide, 

en  laid 


into  NORTH    AMERICA. 

him  up,  whilft  at  the  fame  Time  he  (hook  and 
dandled  him  from  Side  to  Side,  the  Motion 
anfwering  to  the  Mufick. 

That  Concert  was  fcarce  ended,  when  the 
Mafter  of  the  Ceremonies  brought  two  Maids, 
the  one  having  in  her  Hand  a  Sort  of  Collar,  and 
the  other  an  Otter's  Skin,  which  they  plac'd  on 
the  wooden  Forks  abovemention'd,  at  the  Ends 
of  the  Pipe.  Then  he  made  them  fit  down, 
on  each  Side  of  Monfieur  Cavelier^  in  such  a  Pof- 
t\ire,  that  they  look'd  one  upon  the  other,  their 
Legs  extended  and  intermix'd,  on  which  the 
fame  Mafter  of  the  Ceremonies  laid  Monfieur 
Cavelier's  Legs,  in  fuch  Manner,  that  they  lay 
uppermoft  and  acrofs  thofe  of  the  two  Maids. 

Whilft  this  Adion  was  performing,  one  of 
the  Elders  made  faft  a  dy'd  Feather  to  the  back 
Part  of  Monfieur  Caveliers  Head,  tying  it  to 
his  Hair.  The  Singing  dill  continu'd  all  that 
Time,  fo  that  Monfieur  Cavelier  grown  weary 
of  its  Tedioufnefs,  and  afliam'd  to  fee  himfelf 
in  that  Pofture  between  two  Maids,  without 
knowing  ♦■o  what  Purpofe,  made  Signs  to  us  to 
fignify  the  fame  to  the  Chief,  and  having  given 
him  to  underfiand,  that  he  was  not  well,  two 
of  the  Indians  immediately  took  hold  of  him 
under  the  Arms,  conduded  him  back  to  the 
Cottage  and  made  Signs  to  him  to  take  his  Reft. 
This  was  about  Nine  in  the  Evening,  and  the 
Indians  fpent  all  the  Night  in  Singing,  insomuch 
that  fome  of  them  could  hold  out  no  longer. 

In  the  Morning  they  return'd  to  Monfieur 
Cavelier,  conducted  him  again  out  of  the  Cot- 
tage, with  the  fame  Ceremony  and  made  him 
fit  down,  ftill  finging  on.  Then  the  Mafter  of 
the  Ceremonies  took  the  Pipe,  which  he  fill'd 

L  2  with 


147 
Ju/y  1687 


,  i 


\  f 


^ 


i^ 


s       t 


'f, 


r 


''t 


\ 


'A 


^.Y&lJ.A^IU  *^  -^' 


!■ 


t    ''\ 


148 

Ju/y  1687 


Cahayno- 
houa  Na- 
tion, 

Indians 
expe/l  Pre- 
fects. 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e  'j  Second  Voyage 

with  Tabacco,  lighted  and  offered  it  to  Mon- 
fieur  CavelieTy  but  drawing  back  and  advancing 
fix  Times  before  he  gave  it  him.  Having  at 
laft  put  it  into  his  Hands,  Monfieur  Cavelier 
made  as  if  he  had  fmok'd  and  return'd  it  to 
them.  Then  they  made  us  all  fmoke  round, 
and  every  one  of  them  whiff 'd  in  his  Turn,  the 
Mufick  (till  continuing. 

About  Nine  in  the  Morning,  the  Sun  grow- 
ing very  hot,  and  Monfieur  Cavelier  being  bare 
Headed,  made  Signs  that  it  did  him  Harm. 
Then  at  laft  they  gave  over  finging,  and  con- 
duced him  back  into  the  Cottage,  took  the  Pipe, 
put  it  into  a  Cafe,  made  of  a  Wild-Goat's  Skin, 
with  the  two  wooden  Forks  and  the  red  Stick 
that  lay  acrofs  them,  all  which  one  of  the  El- 
ders offer'd  to  Monfieur  Cavelier,  afiuring  him 
that  he  might  pafs  thro'  all  the  Nations  that 
were  ally'd  to  them  by  Virtue  of  that  Token  of 
Peace,  and  fhould  be  every  where  well  receiv'd. 
This  was  the  firft  Place  where  we  faw  the  Calu- 
mety  or  Pipe  of  Peace,  having  no  Knowledge  of 
it  before,  as  fome  have  writ.  This  Nation  is 
call'd  Cahaynohoua. 

This  Sort  of  Ceremonies  being  never  per- 
form'd  among  the  Indians  without  the  Expedla- 
tion  of  receiving  fome  Prefent,  and  we  having 
befides  obferv'd,  that  fome  of  them  had  with- 
drawn themfelves,  with  Tokens  of  Difl'atis- 
fadion,  perhaps  becaufe  we  had  interrupted 
their  Ceremony,  we  thought  it  convenient  to 
give  them  fomething  more,  and  I  was  appoint- 
ed to  carry  them  an  Ax,  four  Knives  and  fome 
Strings  of  Beads,  with  which  they  were  fatif- 
fied. 

We 


\i 


H. 


1 


lyage 

o  Mon- 
ivancing 
aving  at 
Cavelier 
'd  it  to 
;  round, 
urn,  the 

n  grow- 
ing bare 
Harm. 
,nd  con- 
he  Pipe, 
t's  Skin, 
2d  Stick 
the  El- 
•ing  him 
ons  that 
roken  of 
receiv'd. 
he  Calu- 
dedge  ot 
[ation  is 

r&r  per- 
ixpeda- 

having 
id  with- 
Diflatis- 

rrupted 
nient  to 
ippoint- 
>d  fome 
re   fatif- 

We 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


149 


We  afterwards  fhew'd  them  an  Experiment  July  >687 
of  our  Arms,  the  Noife  and  Fire  whereof  '■^^'VNJ 
frighted  them.  They  earneftly  prefs'd  us  to 
ftay  with  them,  offering  us  Wives  and  whatfo- 
ever  elfe  we  fhould  want.  To  be  the  better 
quit  of  them,  we  promis'd  to  return,  faying  we 
weie  going  to  fetch  Commodities,  Arms  and 
Tools,  which  we  (lood  in  Need  of,  that  we 
might  afterwards  (lay  with  them. 

The  9th  and  loth  were  fpent  in  Vifits,  and 
we  were  inform'd  by  one  of  the  Indians  that  we 
were  not  far  from  a  great  River,  which  he  de- 
fcrib'd  with  a  Stick  on  the  Sand,  and  fhew'd  it 
had  two  Branches,  at  the  fame  Time  pronoun- 
cing the  word  Cappa^  which,  as  I  have  faid,  is 
a  Nation  near  the  Mifftfipi.  We  then  made  no 
longer  Queftion,  that  we  were  near  what  we 
had  been  fo  long  looking  after.  We  entreated 
the  Elders  to  appoint  fome  men  to  condud  us, 
promifing  to  reward  them  well,  which  they 
granted,  and  we  fet  out  the  nth,  to  the  great 
Sorrow  of  thofe  good  People,  who  had  enter- 
tain'd  us  so  courteoufly. 

We  travell'd  feveral  different  Ways,  which 
we  could  never  have  found,  had  we  wanted 
Guides,  and  fo  proceeded  till  on  the  12th,  one  of 
our  Guides  pretended  to  be  lick,  and  made 
Signs  that  he  would  go  back;  but  obferving, 
that  we  feem'd  to  be  no  Way  concern'd,  which 
we  did  on  Purpofe,  he  confulted  with  his  Com- 
panion, and  then  came  to  tell  us,  he  was  re- 
cover'd.  We  made  him  eat  and  fmoke,  and 
continued  our  Journey  the  13th,  fmding  the 
Way  very  bad  and  difficult. 


The  Jour- 
ney proj'e- 
cuted. 


^f 


L3 


The 


ii 


'I  ■' ' 


I ,  < 


'  I 


\  ,  ♦ 


«,HMilf, 


1 50  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e*j  Second  Voyage 


July  1687 


Indians 

with 

Axes. 


The  14th,  our  Indians^  having  feen  the  Track 
of  Bullocks,  fignify'd  they  would  go  kill  fome, 
to  eat  the  FleQi,  which  made  us  halt  for  two 
or  three  Hours.  Whilft  we  ftay'd  for  our 
Hunters,  we  prepar'd  fome  Sagamiie,  or  their 
Sort  of  Hafty-Pudding.  They  return'd  loaded 
with  Flefti,  Part  whereof  we  drefs'd,  and  eat  it 
with  very  good  Stomachs.  Then  we  proceeded 
on  our  Journey  till  the  i8th,  and  by  the  Way 
kill'd  three  Bullocks  and  two  Cows,  which  oblig'd 
us  to  halt,  that  we  might  make  ufe  of  our  Flelh, 
drying  it. 

The  Night  between  the  19th  and  the  20th, 
one  of  our  Horfes  breaking  loofe,  was  either 
taken  away  by  the  Natives,  or  lofl:  in  the 
Woods.  That  did  not  obftruct  our  Departure, 
tho*  the  Lofs  was  grievous  to  us,  and  we  held 
on  our  Way  till  the  24th,  when  we  met  a  Com- 
pany of  Indians,  with  Axes,  going  to  fetch  Barks 
of  Trees,  to  cover  their  Cottages.  They  were 
furpriz'd  to  fee  us,  but  having  made  Signs  to 
them  to  draw  near,  they  came,  carefs'd  and 
prefented  us  with  fome  Water  Melons  they 
had.  They  put  off  their  Defign  of  going  to 
fetch  Bark  till  another  Time,  and  went  along 
with  us,  and  one  off  our  Guides  having  gone 
before  in  the  Morning  to  give  Notice  of  our 
coming  at  the  next  Village,  met  with  other 
Parcels  of  Indians,  who  were  coming  to  meet 
us.^  and  exprefs'd  extraordinary  Kindnefs. 

We  halted  in  one  of  their  Cottages,  which 
they  call  Defert,  becaufe  they  are  in  the  Midfl; 
of  their  Fields  and  Gardens.  There  we  found 
feveral  Women  who  had  brought  Bread,  Gourds, 
Beans  and  Water  Melons,  a  Sort  of  Fruit  pro- 
per 


0th 


er 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

per  to  quench  Thirfl,  the  Pulp  of  it  being  no 
better  than  Water. 

We  fet  out  again  to  come  to  the  Village,  and 
by  the  Way,  met  with  very  pleafant  Woods, 
in  which,  there  were  Abundance  of  (lately  Ce- 
dars. Being  come  to  a  River,  that  was  be- 
tween us  and  the  Village,  and  looking  over  to 
the  further  Side,  we  difcover'd  a  great  Crofs, 
and  at  a  fmall  Diflance  from  it,  a  House,  built 
after  the  French  Falhion. 

It  is  eafy  to  imagine  what  inward  Joy  we 
conceiv'd  at  the  Sight  of  that  Emblem  of  our 
Salvation.  We  knelt  down,  lifting  up  our 
Hands  and  Eyes  to  Heaven,  to  return  Thanks 
to  the  Divine  Goodnefs,  for  having  conduced 
us  fo  happiiy;  for  we  made  no  Queftion  of 
finding  French  on  the  other  Side  of  the  River, 
and  of  their  being  Catholicks,  fince  they  had 
Crofles. 

In  fhort,  having  halted  fome  Time  on  the 
Bank  of  that  River,  we  fpy'd  feveral  Canoes 
making  towards  us,  and  two  Men  cloath'd, 
coming  out  of  the  Houfe  we  had  difcover'd, 
who,  the  Moment  they  faw  us,  fir'd  each  of 
them  a  Shot  to  falute  us.  An  Indian  being  Chief 
of  the  Village,  who  was  with  them,  had  done  fo 
before,  and  we  were  not  backward  in  re- 
turning their  Salute,  by  difcharging  all  our 
Pieces. 

When  we  had  pafs'd  the  River,  and  were 
all  come  together,  we  foon  knew  each  other 
to  be  French  Men.  Thofe  we  found  were  the 
Sieurs  Couture  Charpantier  and  de  Launay,  both 
of  them  of  Roan^  whom  Monfieur  de  Tonty^  Go- 
vernor of  Fort  St.  Lewis  among  the  IJlinoiSy  had 
left  at  that  Pod,  when  he  went  down  the  Mif- 

Jlfip 


July  1687 


J  Crofs  by 
a  River 
and  a 
French 
built  Houfe. 


Dwelling 
of  French. 


\  u 


frl 


'% 


\ 


t 


1 


1 


(. 


ii 


'■  :%..:..T_  -n^^^j^t^d-*^^.^ 


^i 


:f  .1  ' 


I  52  Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 


July  1687 


TheTravel- 
lers  come 
to  the 

French  Ha- 
bitation. 


Who  the 

Frenchmen 

were. 


Jiftpi  to  look  after  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  \  and  the 
Nation  we  were  then  with,  was  call'd  Ac- 
cancea. 

It  is  hard  to  exprefs  the  Joy  conceiv'd  on 
both  Sides ;  ours  was  unfpeakable,  for  having 
at  lad  found,  what  we  had  fo  earneflly 
defired,  and  that  the  Hopes  of  returning  to  our 
dear  Country,  was  in  fome  Measure  afTured 
by  that  happy  Difcovery.  The  others  were 
pleafed  to  fee  fuch  Persons  as  might  bring  them 
News  of  that  Commander,  from  whom  they 
expedled  the  Performance  of  what  he  had  pro- 
mis'd  them  ;  but  the  Account  we  gave  them  of 
Monfr.  de  la  Sale's  unfortunate  Death,  was  so 
afBifting,  that  it  drew  Tears  from  them,  and 
the  difmal  Hillory  of  his  Troubles  and  Difa- 
flers  render'd  them  almost  inconfolable. 

We  were  conduced  to  the  Houfe,  whither 
all  our  Baggage  was  honeftly  carry'd  by  the 
Indians.  There  was  a  very  great  Throng  of 
thofe  People,  both  Men  and  Women,  which 
being  over,  we  came  to  the  Relation  of  the 
particular  Circumftances  of  our  Stories.  Ours 
was  deliver'd  by  Monfieur  Cavelier,  whom 
we  honour'd  as  our  Chief,  for  being  Brother 
to  him,  who  had  been  fo. 

We  were  inform'd  by  them,  that  they  had 
been  Six,  fent  by  Monfr.  Tonij,  when  he  re- 
turn'd  from  the  Voyage  he  had  made  down 
the  Colbert  or  Miffifipi  River,  purfuant  to  the 
Orders  fent  him  by  the  late  Monfr.  de  la  Sale^ 
at  his  Departure  from  France^  and  that  the  faid 
Sieur  'Tonty  had  commanded  them  to  build  the 
aforesaid  House.  That  having  never  fince  re- 
ceiv'd  any    News   from   the  faid   Monfr.  de  la 

Sale 


■■\%--  ' 


' 


'wmM 


•wp^n 


into    NORTH     AMERICA 


153 


Sahy  Four  of  them  were  gone  back  to  Monfr.    7"h  1687 
Tontyy  at  the  Fort  of  the  IJlinois.  VXVNi^ 

In  Conclufion,  it  was  agreed  among  us,  to  go 
away  as  foon  as  pofllble,  towards  the  IJlinois^ 
and  conceal  from  the  Indians^  the  Death  of 
Monlleur  de  la  Sa/e,  to  keep  them  ftill  in  Awe 
and  under  Submifl'ion,  whilfl  we  went  away 
with  the  firfl  Ships  that  fhould  happen  to  fail 
from  Canada  for  France,  to  give  an  Account  at 
Court  of  what  had  happen'd,  and  to  procure 
Succours.  In  the  mean  Time,  the  Chief  of  the 
Indians  came  to  invite  us  to  eat.  We  found 
Mats  laid  on  the  Ground  for  us  to  fit  on,  and 
all  the  Village  met  to  fee  us. 

We  gave  them  to  underftand,  that  we  came 
from  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  who  had  made  a  Set- 
tlement on  the  Bav  of  Mexico :  that  we  had 
pafs'd  thro'  many  Nations,  which  we  nam'd, 
and  that  we  were  going  to  Canada  for  Com- 
modities, and  would  return  down  the  River;  Kiudln- 
that  we  would  bring  Men  to  defend  them  a-  dians. 
gainfl  their  Enemies  and  then  fettle  among 
them  ;  that  the  Nations  we  had  pafs'd  through 
had  appointed  Men  to  guide  us,  and  we  defired 
the  fame  Favour  of  them,  with  fome  Canoes 
and  Provilions,  and  that  we  would  reward 
our  Guides  and  pay  for  what  they  furnifh'd 
us. 

The  Conveniency  of  an  Interpreter,  we  then 
had,  gave  us  the  Opportunity  of  making  our- 
felves  be  eafily  underflood,  and  the  Chief  an- 
fwer'd  to  our  Propofals,  that  he  would  fend 
Men  to  the  other  Villages  to  acquaint  them 
with  our  Demands,  and  to  confult  with  them 
what  was  to  be  done  in  that  Cafe ;  that  as 
for  the  reft,  they  were  amaz'd  at  our  having 

pafs'd 


j.-;j-i..-i.. 


) 


V* 


.*" 


itl 


'l^yi 


I  ^' 


Hifl 


mmmmmmg^ 


I '  '  I 


I      >    I: 


',  •  I 


yu/y  .687 


French 
Houfe  a- 
mottg  the 
Accon- 
cea'i  de- 
fcrib'd. 


Produii  of 
the  Coun- 
try. 


Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

pafs'd  thro*  fo  many  Nations,  without  having 
been  detain'd,  or  kill'd,  confidering  what  a  fmall 
Number  we  were. 

When  the  Difcourfe  was  ended,  that  Chief 
caus'd  Meat  to  be  fet  before  us,  as  dry'd  Flefh, 
Bread  made  of  Indian  Corn  of  feveral  Sorts,  and 
Water  Melons ;  after  which  he  made  us  fmolce, 
and  then  we  return'd  to  our  Houfe,  where  be- 
ing eas'd  of  all  thofe  Impediments,  we  gave 
each  other  an  Account  of  our  Affairs,  at  Lei- 
fure,  and  were  inform'd,  that  those  People  im- 
patiently expefted  the  Return  of  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale,  which  confirm'd  us  in  the  Refolution  of 
concealing  his  Death.  We  obferv'd  the  Situa- 
tion of  that  Port,  and  were  made  acquainted 
with  the  Nature  of  the  Country  and  the  Man- 
ners of  thofe  People,  of  which  I  (hall  give  the 
following  Remarks. 

The  Houfe  we  were  then  in 
Pieces  of  Cedar  laid  one  upon 
rounded  away  at  the  Corners.  It 
fmall  Eminency,  half  a  Musket-fhot  from  the 
Village,  in  a  Country  abounding  in  all  Things. 
The  Plains  lying  on  one  Side  of  it,  are  (lor'd 
with  Beeves,  wild  Goats,  Deer,  Turkeys,  Bu- 
ftards.  Swans,  Ducks,  Teal  and  other  Game. 

The  Trees  produce  plenty  of  Fruit,  and  ve- 
ry good,  as  Peaches,  Plumbs,  Mulberries, 
Grapes,  and  Wallnuts.  They  have  a  Sort  of 
Fruit  they  call  Piaguimina,  not  unlike  our  Med- 
lars, but  much  better  and  more  delicious.  Such 
as  live  near  the  Rivers,  as  that  Houfe  is,  do  not 
want  for  Fifli  of  all  Sorts,  and  they  have  Indian 
Wheat,  whereof  they  make  good  Bread.  There 
are  alfo  fine  Plams  diverfify'd  with  feveral  Sorts 
of  Trees,  as  I  have  faid  before. 

The 


was  built  of 
another,  and 
is  feated  on  a 


tr 


I  ! 


W>a' 


The 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

The  Nation  of  the  Accanceas  confifts  of  four 
Villages.  The  firfl  is  call'd  Otfotchove^  near 
v'hich  we  were  ;  the  fecond  Toriman,  both  of 
them  feated  on  the  River ;  the  third  Tonginga ; 
and  the  fourth  Cappa^  on  the  Bank  of  the  Miffi- 
ftpi.  Thefe  Villages  are  built  after  a  different 
Manner  from  the  others  we  had  i^^n  before,  in 
this  Point,  that  the  Cottages,  which  are  alike 
as  to  their  Materials  and  Rounding  at  the  Top, 
are  long,  and  cover'd  with  the  Bark  of  Trees, 
and  fo  very  large,  that  feveral  of  them  can  hold 
two  hundred  Perfons,  belonging  to  feveral  Fa- 
milies. 

The  people  are  not  fo  neat  as  the  Cenis^  or 
the  AJfonis  in  their  Houfes,  for  fome  of  them 
lie  on  the  Ground,  without  any  Thing  under 
them  but  fome  Mats,  or  a  drefs'd  Hide.  How- 
ever, fome  of  them  have  more  Conveniencies, 
but  the  Generality  has  not.  All  their  Move- 
ables confift  in  fome  Earthen  Veflels  and  oval 
wooden  Platters,  which  are  neatly  made,  and 
with  which  they  drive  a  Trade. 

They  are  generally  very  well  fhap'd  and 
adive ;  the  Women  are  handfome,  or  at  leall: 
have  a  much  better  Prefence  than  thofe  of  the 
other  Villages  we  pafs'd  thro'  before.  They  make 
Canoes  all  of  one  Piece,  which  are  well  wrought. 
As  for  themfelves  they  are  very  faithful,  good 
natur'd,  and  Warriors  like  the  reft. 

The  25th,  the  Elders  being  alTembled,  came 
to  fee  us,  and  told  the  Sieur  Couture,  that  they 
defign'd  to  fing  and  dance  the  Calumet,  or  Pipe; 
becaufe  the  others  had  fung  it,  fome  of  them  to 
the  late  Monfieur  de  la  Sale,  and  the  reft  to 
Monfieur  Tonty,  and  therefore  it  was  but  rea- 
fonable  they  Ihould  do  the  fame  to  get  a  Fire- 
lock, 


Nation  of 
the  Accan- 
cea's. 


Houjhold 
Stuff. 


Shape. 


The  Cere- 
mony of  the 
Pipe  per- 
formed to 
M.  Cave- 
lier. 


i 


i 


'Mr  ' 


If 


k\\ 


i.    •! 


\ 


.y 

^ '» 


iV< 


■u  ■' 


156 

7-^/^  1687 


Ceremons 
of  the  Pipe. 


Monfieur  dc  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

lock,  as  well  as  the  others-.  Monfieur  Cavelier 
was  inform'd  of  it,  and  it  was  requifite  to  con- 
fent  to  it,  to  pleafe  thofe  Indians^  becaufe  we 
Hood  in  need  of  them. 

The  Ceremony  began  with  Monfieur  Cavelier, 
who  was  led  under  the  Arms  and  feated  on  a 
Hide,  without  the  Cottage.  The  Forks,  the 
Skins  laid  on  it  in  Honour  of  the  Pipe,  the  Sing- 
ing as  loud  as  they  cou'd  roar,  both  by  Men 
and  Women,  and  all  the  other  Ceremonies  were 
obferv'd,  as  I  have  mention'd  them  before ;  fo 
that  Monfieur  Cavelier  being  weary  of  them,  he 
caus'd  the  Chief  to  be  told,  that  he  was  out  of 
Order,  and  defir'd  his  Nephew  might  be  put  in 
his  Place,  which  was  done  accordingly,  and  they 
fpent  the  whole  Night  in  Singing.  In  the  Morn- 
ing they  perform'd  fome  other  Ceremonies,  not 
worth  relating. 

The  Solemnity  being  ended,  by  every  Man's 
fmoking  of  the  Pipe,  the  Indians  took  it,  with 
fome  Bullocks  Hides,  and  Goats  and  Otters 
Skins,  and  a  Collar  made  of  Shells,  all  which 
they  carry 'd  to  our  Houfe,  and  we  gave  them  a 
Firelock,  two  Axes,  'iw  Knives,  one  hundred 
Charges  of  Powder,  as  much  Ball,  and  fome 
Strings  of  Beads  for  their  Wives.  The  Chief 
having  given  Notice  of  our  coming  to  the  other 
Villages,  their  Deputies  came  to  fee  us;  we  en- 
tertain'd  them  in  the  Houfe,  and  propos'd  to 
them  our  Defigns,  as  had  been  done  to  the 
Chief.  They  flood  confidering  a  While,  then 
held  a  Sort  of  Confultation  among  themfelves, 
which  held  not  long  without  talking,  and  then 
agreed  to  grant  us  what  we  ask'd,  which  was  a 
Canoe  and  a  Man  of  each  Village  to  conduft  us, 
upon  the  promis'd  Confideration,  and  fo  they 

went 


into    NORTH    AMERICA. 

went  away  to  the  Cottage  of  the  Chief  of  the 
Village. 

The  27th,  the  Chief  and  the  Elders  met  a- 
gain  to  confult  about  what  we  demanded 
of  them;  the  Length  of  the  Journey  made  them 
apprehenfive  for  thofe,  who  were  to  conduft  us; 
but,  at  Length,  we  having  difpell'd  their  Fears 
by  our  Arguments,  and  they  having  again  de- 
liberated Tome  Time,  agreed  to  our  Re- 
queft.  We  again  made  them  a  Prefent,  pro- 
mifing  a  good  Reward  to  our  Guides,  and  fo 
we  prepar'd  to  fet  forwards.  Little  Bartholo- 
mew the  Parijian,  having  intimated  to  us,  that 
he  would  willingly  flay  in  that  Houfe,  becaufe 
he  was  none  of  the  ableft  of  Body,  we  recom- 
mended  him  to  the  Sieur  Couture.  We  defir'd 
thofe  that  remain'd  there,  to  keep  the  Secret 
of  Monfr.  de  la  Sale's  Death,  promis'd  to  fend 
them  Relief,  left  them  our  Horfes,  which 
were  of  great  Ufe  to  go  a  Hunting,  and  gave 
them  fifteen  or  fixteen  Pounds  of  Powder,  eight 
hundred  Balls,  three  hundred  Flints,  twenty  fix 
Knives,  and  ten  Axes,  two  or  three  Pounds 
Weight  of  Beads;  Monfr.  Cavelier  left  them 
Part  of  his  Linen,  hoping  we  fhould  foon  be  in 
a  Place  where  we  ftiould  get  more ;  and  all  of 
them  having  made  their  Peace  with  God,  by 
Means  of  the  Sacrament  of  Penance,  we  took 
Leave  of  them,  excepting  the  Sieur  Couture^  who 
went  to  condud  us  Part  of  the  Way. 

We  imbark'd  on  a  Canoe  belonging  to  one 
of  the  Chiefs,  being  at  leaft  twenty  Perfons, 
as  well  Women  as  Men,  and  arriv'd  fafe, 
without  any  Trouble,  at  a  Village  call'd  7'orman, 
for  we  were  going  down  the  River.  We  pro- 
pos'd  it  to  thefe   People,  or  rather  demanded 

it 


'57 

July  1687 


The  Jour, 
ney  conti- 
nued. 


Toriman 
tillage. 


I 


I 


\  ( 


14 


r. 


I  1 


4 


1(  ■       '' 


i 


^    fit 


158 


Ju/y  1687 


Oncers. 


The  River 
Miflifipi 
found  at 
laft. 


Mmfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j-  Second  Voyage 

it  of  them  to  confirm  what  had  been  granted  us 
by  the  others,  and  they  referr'd  giving  us  their 
Anfwer  till  the  next  Day;  for  they  do  Nothing 
without  confulting  about  it,  and  we  having 
brought  a  Sack  of  Indian  Wheat,  from  the 
French  Mens  Houfe,  defir'd  the  Chief  to  caufe 
Women  to  pound  it,  for  which  we  would  give 
'em  Something.  Immediately  he  made  a  Sign  to 
his  Officers  to  go  call  them,  and  they  went 
as  readily. 

There  were  feven  or  eight  of  thofe  Officers 
always  about  him,  ftark  naked  and  befmear'd, 
(bme  after  one  Fafliion,  and  others  after  ano- 
ther. Each  of  them  had  three  or  four  Cala- 
baflies  or  Gourds,  hanging  at  a  Leather  Girdle 
about  their  Wades,  in  which  there  were  feve- 
ral  Pebbles,  and  behind  them  hung  a  Horfe's 
Tail,  so  that  when  they  ran,  the  Gourds  made 
a  ratling  Noife,  and  the  Tail  being  born  up 
by  the  Wind,  ftood  out  at  its  full  Length,  fo 
that  Nothing  could  be  feen  more  ridiculous; 
but  it  behooved  us  tc  take  Heed  of  ftiewing 
the  lead  Smile. 

The  remaining  Part  of  the  Day  was  fpent 
in  going  with  the  Sieur  Couture  to  fee  the  fa- 
tal River  fo  much  fought  after  by  us,  called 
Colbert^  when  firft  difcover'd,  and  Mijj'iftpi^  or, 
Mechajfipi  by  the  Natives  that  were  near  us. 
It  is  a  very  fine  River  and  deep,  the  Breadth 
of  it  about  a  Quarter  of  a  League,  and  the 
Stream  very  rapid.  The  Sieur  Couture  afTur'd 
us,  that  it  has  two  Branches  or  Channels, 
which  parted  from  each  other  above  us,  and 
that  we  had  pafs'd  its  other  Branch,  when 
we  came  to  the  firft  Village  of  the  Accanceds, 
with  which  Nation  we  ftill  were. 

The 


I, 


1  i 


The 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

The  28th,  the  Chief  and  the  Elders  being 
aflembled,  they  granted  our  Requefts.  We 
were  to  part,  in  order  to  be  entertain'd  in  fe- 
veral  Places,  where  we  took  Notice  of  fome 
particular  Ceremonies,  which  we  had  not  feen 
among  the  other  Nations.  One  of  them  is, 
that  they  ferve  up  their  Meat  in  two  or  four 
large  DilTies,  which  are  firft  fet  down  before 
the  two  principal  Guefts,  who  are  at  one  End, 
and  when  they  have  eaten  a  little,  thofe  Difhes 
are  fhov'd  down  lower  and  others  are  ferved 
up  in  their  Place,  in  the  fame  Manner ;  fo  that 
the  firft  Difhes  are  ferv'd  at  the  upper  End 
and  thruft  down  lower  as  others  come  in. 

He  who  treats,  does  not  fit  down  with  the 
Company,  not  does  he  eat,  but  performs  the 
Part  of  a  Steward,  taking  Care  of  the  Dreffing 
and  of  the  Placing  of  the  Meat  ferv'd  up ;  and 
to  the  Eiid  he  may  appear  the  finer,  he  never 
fails  to  befmear  himfelf  with  Clay,  or  fome  red 
or  black  Colouring  they  make  ufe  of. 

The  29th,  we  fet  out  from  that  Village,  and 
imbark'd  on  two  Canoes  to  crofs  the  Mifftfipi. 
The  Chief  and  about  a  Score  of  young  Folks 
bore  us  Company  to  the  next  Village  call'd  Ton- 
ninguay  feated  on  the  Bank  of  that  River,  where 
we  were  receiv'd  in  the  Chief's  Cottage,  as  we 
had  been  in  the  others.  The  Elders  treated 
us  in  their  Turns,  anc!  the  Defcriptions  before 
given  will  ferve  for  this  Place,  there  being  but 
little  Difference  between  them  and  their  Neigh- 
bours. 

The  30th,  we  fet  out  for  Cappa^  the  laft  Vil- 
lage of  thtAccanceaSy  eight  Leagues  diftant  from 
the  Place  we  had  left.  We  were  obliged  to 
crofs  the  River  Mifftfipi  feveral  Times  in  this 

Way, 


159 

July  1687 


Particular 
Ceremo- 
nies. 


Tonnin- 
gua  Village 


Cappa 
Village. 


I'i 


I » 


I 


A  i 


ii 


m 

i 


1, 


_ 


H 


n'mm 


1 60  Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j-  Second  Voyage 

Aug.  1687  Way ;  becaufe  it  winds  very  much,  and  we 
*''''"^*''^  had  fome  foul  Weather,  which  made  it  late 
before  we  could  reach  Cappa.  A  great  Num- 
ber of  Youth  came  to  meet  us,  fome  of  them 
condufted  us  to  the  Chief's  Cottage,  and  others 
took  Care  of  our  Baggage,  which  was  reftor'd 
to  us  very  honeftly.  We  found  the  Eiders 
waiting  for  us  ;  a  great  Fire  was  kindled  to  dry 
us,  and  the  Cottage  was  lighted  by  feveral 
burning  Reeds,  which  they  make  use  of  inflead 
of  Flambeaus ;  after  which  we  were  ferv'd  as 
in  other  Places. 

The  31ft,  we  receiv'd  Vifits  from  the  Elders. 
Their  Discourfe  ran  upon  the  War  they  defign'd 
to  make,  thinking  to  ingage  us  in  it,  and  we 
return'd  the  fame  Anfwer  as  we  had  done  to 
the  others,  that  we  would  foon  return  with  all 
Things  we  flood  in  Need  of  We  ask'd  a  Man 
of  them,  which  was  granted,  and  the  Day  en- 
ded in  Feafting. 
Entertain-  We  would  willingly  have  fet  out  the  First 
ment  given  of  Augujl  \  but  the  Chief  came  and  told  us,  it 
by  the  In  J:-  could  not  be,  becaufe  the  Women  had  not 
pounded  our  Corn,  which  however  was  done ; 
but  they  made  ufe  of  that  Pretence  to  oblige  us 
to  Itay,  and  to  have  Leifure  to  give  us  fome 
Diverlion,  after  their  Manner.  Accordingly, 
about  Ten  in  the  Morning,  the  Warriors  and 
Youth  came  together  to  Dance.  They  were 
drefs'd  after  their  bed  Manner,  fome  of  them 
wearing  Plumes  of  feveral  Colours,  wherewith 
they  adorn  their  Heads,  others,  inflead  of  Fea- 
thers, had  two  Bullocks  Horns,  and  were  all 
befmear'd  with  Clay,  or  Black  and  Red,  fo  that 
they  really  look'd  like  a  Company  of  Devils  or 
Monflers,  and    in    thofe    Figures    they  danc'd, 

as 


ans. 


VBPmvnpi 


^m. 


■nrr 


oyage 

and  we 
z  it  late 
•t  Num- 
of  them 
d  others 

reftor'd 
;  Elders 
d  to  dry 

feveral 
f  inflead 
ferv'd  as 

:  Elders, 
defign'd 
and  we 

done  to 
with  all 

i  a  Man 

Day  en- 


he   First 
[Id  us,  it 
ad    not 
done ; 
jlige  us 
as   fome 
rdingly, 
ors  and 
were 
f  them 
erewith 
of  Fea- 
rer e  all 
fo  that 
evils  or 
danc'd, 
as 


mto   NORTH    AMERICA. 


i6i 


as    I    have  defcrib'd    it,  fpeaking  of  the  other  ^^g-  1687 
Nations.  ^>^W 

The  Second,  we  made  ready  to  be  going. 
The  Indian  given  by  the  firft  Village  for  our 
Guide,  would  not  go  any  farther.  A  Man, 
faid  to  be  an  Hermaphrodite,  ofFer'd  to  fupply 
his  Place,  faying,  he  was  willing  to  go  to  the 
IJlinois.  We  took  Leave  of  the  Sieur  Couture^ 
to  whom  Monfr.  Cavelier  made  an  Exhortnti- 
on,  encouraging  him  to  perfevere  and  have  Pa- 
tience, in  Hopes  of  the  Relief  we  wou'd  fend 
him,  and  fo  we  imbark'd  on  the  Mifjifipi  in  a 
Canoe,  being  Nine  in  Number,  that  is,  five  of 
us,  and  the  four  Indians  that  were  our  Guides. 
We  were  oblig'd  to  crofs  that  River  very  of- 
ten, and  no  lefs  frequently  to  carry  our  Canoe 
and  Goods,  as  well  on  Account  of  the  Rapidi- 
ty of  the  River,  and  to  find  it  flacker  on  the 
one  or  the  other  Side  of  it,  which  was  very 
troublefome  to  our  Guides,  as  becaufe  of  the 
little  iflands  we  met  with,  which  are  form'd 
by  the  impetuous  beating  of  the  Water  upon 
the  Banks,  that  oppofe  its  Courfe,  where  the 
Channels  happen  not  to  lie  flrait ;  there  it 
wafties  away  the  Earth  and  bears  down  great 
Trees,  which  in  Procefs  of  Time  form  little 
Iflands,  that  divide  the  Channel.  At  Night 
we  incamp'd  in  one  of  thofe  fmall  Iflands,  for 
our  greater  Safety,  for  we  were  then  come  into  an  Machiga- 
Enemy's  Nation,  call'd  M  cbigamia,  which  put  mea  Nati- 
our  Indians  into  great  Frights. 

It  is  certain  our  Toil  was  very  great,  for  we 
were  oblig'd  to  row  in  the  Canoe,  to  help  our 
Indians  to  ftem  the  Current  of  the  River,  be- 
caufe we  were  going  up,  and  it  was  very 
flrong   and    rapid ;   we   were  often   necefl'itated 

M  to 


on. 


m 


It 


I  '■ 


r- 


^  '1 


;,\ 


i 


i!'  |5 


I 


l)li 


»  (I 


(  M 


'^1 


jf. 


.. . '' 

4111,' 


*'/l 


V 


•"I 


11 


162  Monjieur  de  la  Sale'/  Second  Voyage 

Aug.  1687  to  land,  and  fometimes  to  travel  over  miry 
^'^"^^'^  Lands,  where  we  funk  up  half  way  the  Leg ; 
other  Times  over  burning  Sands,  which  fcorch'd 
our  Feet,  having  no  Shoes,  or  elfe  over  Splinters 
of  Wood,  which  ran  into  the  Soles  of  our  Feet, 
and  when  we  were  come  to  the  refling  Place, 
we  were  to  provide  Fuel  to  drefs  our  Meat, 
and  provide  all  Things  for  our  Indians^ 
who  would  not  have  done  fo  much  as  go 
fetch  a  Cup  of  Water,  tho'  we  were  on  the 
Bank  of  the  River,  and  yet  we  were  happy 
enough  in  having  them. 

We  proceeded  on,  continually  undergoing  the 
fame  Toil,  till  the  Seventh,  when,  we  faw  the 
firft  Bullock,  we  had  met  on  our  Way,  fince 
our  coming  among  the  Accancea! s.  The  Indians^ 
who  had  a  great  Mind  to  eat  Flefli,  made  a 
Sign  to  me,  to  go  kill  it.  I  purfu'd  and  Shot, 
but  it  did  not  fall,  the  Indians  ran  after,  kill'd, 
and  came  to  tell  us  it  muft  be  parch'd,  or  dry'd, 
which  was  accordingly  done.  I  muft  here  take 
Notice  of  a  Ceremony  our  Indians  perform'd, 
when  they  came  near  the  Bullock,  before  they 
flead  him. 
Ceremony  I'l  the  firft  Place,  they  adorn'd  his  Head 
at  dreffmg  with  fome  Swans  and  Buftards  Down,  dy'd  red, 
a  Bulloch,  and  put  fome  Tabacco  into  his  Noftrils,  and 
between  the  Clefts  of  the  Hoofs.  When  they 
had  flead  him,  they  cut  out  the  Tongue,  and 
put  a  Bit  of  Tabacco  into  its  Place;  then 
they  ftuck  two  Wooden  Forks  into  the 
Ground,  laid  a  Stick  acrofs  them,  on  which 
they  plac'd  feveral  Slices  of  the  Flefh,  in  the 
Nature  of  an  Offering.  The  Ceremony  being 
ended,  we  parch'd  or  dry'd  the  beft  Parts  of 
the  Beaft  and  proceeded  on  our  Journey. 

The 


1*  ! 


yage 

;r  miry 
e  Leg; 
fcorch'd 
iplinters 
jr  Feet, 
r  Place, 
r  Meat, 
Indians, 
I  as  go 
on  the 
;  happy 

oing  the 
faw  the 
ay,  fince 
Indians, 
made  a 
id  Shot, 
r,  kiU'd, 
Dr  dry'd, 
lere  take 
'rform'd, 
ore  they 

Head 

y'd  red, 

Is,  and 

len  they 

and 

then 

the 

which 

in  the 

y  being 

i*arts  of 

The 


I  to 


/•;//o   NORTH     AMERICA. 

The  9th,  we  found  the  Banks  of  the  River 
very  high,  and  the  Earth  of  them  Yellow,  Red 
and  White,  and  thither  the  Natives  came  to 
furnifh  themfelves  with  it,  to  adorn  their  Bo- 
dies, on  Feftival  Days.  We  held  on  our  Way 
till  the  14th,  when  we  met  a  Herd  of  Bul- 
locks, whereof  we  kill'd  five,  dry'd  Part  of 
them,  and  proceeded  till  the  i8th. 

The  19th,  we  came  to  the  Mouth  of  the 
River,  call'd  Houabache,  faid  to  come  from  the 
Country  of  the  Iroquois,  towards  New  England. 
That  is  a  very  fine  River,  its  Water  extraor- 
dinary clear,  and  the  Current  of  it,  gentle. 
Our  Indians  offer'd  up  to  it,  by  Way  of  Sacrifice, 
fome  Tabacco  and  Beef  Steaks,  which  they  fix'd 
on  Forks,  and  left  them  on  the  Bank,  to  be  dif- 
pos'd  of  as  the  River  thought  fit.  We  obferv'd 
fome  other  Superftitions  among  thofe  poor  Peo- 
ple, one  whereof  was  as  follows. 

There  were  fome  certain  Days,  on  which 
they  Faded,  and  we  knew  them,  when  affoon 
as  they  awak'd,  they  befmear'd  their  Faces  and 
Arms,  or  other  Parts  of  their  Bodies,  with  a 
(limy  Sort  of  Earth,  or  pounded  Charcoal ;  for 
that  Day  they  did  not  eat  till  Ten  or  Eleven 
of  the  Clock  at  Night,  and  before  they  did  eat 
they  were  to  wipe  off  that  Smearing,  and 
had  Water  brought  them  for  that  Purpofe. 
The  Occafion  of  their  Farting  was,  as  they  gave 
us  to  underdand,  that  they  might  have  good 
Succefs  in  Hunting,  and  kill  Abundance  of  Bul- 
locks. 

We  held  on  our  Way  till  the  25th,  when  the 
Indians  fhew'd  us  a  Spring  of  Salt  Water, 
within  a  Musket  Shot  of  us,  and  made  us  go 
alhore  to  view  it.     We  obferv'd    the  Ground 

M  2  about 


163 


Aug.  1687 

Banks  of 
feveral  Co- 
lours. 


Houaba- 
che  River. 


Indian 

Faft. 


Salt  Water 
Spring. 


■'! 


! 
I 

\  r 


1:1 


Mi 


,<g       .    I 


t 


*  '■  ii 


t-1 


I 


■'  V 


iwnr 


^i»" 


ti^iin 


.'1   ' 


i  ^ 


«         ! 


164  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  e*j  Second  Voyage 


Aug.  1687 
mid  Fruit. 


Miflburis 
River. 


Figure  of 
a  pretend- 
ed Monjter 


about  it  was  much  beaten  by  Bullocks  Feet, 
and  it  is  likely  they  love  that  Salt  Water.  The 
Country  about,  was  full  of  Hillocks,  cover'd 
with  Oaks  and  Wallnut-Trees,  Abundance  of 
Plum-Trees,  almoft  all  the  Plums  red  and  pret- 
ty good,  befides  great  Store  of  other  Sorts  of 
Fruits,  whofe  Names  we  know  not,  and  among 
them  one  fliap'd  like  a  midling  Pear,  with  Stones 
in  it  as  big  as  large  Beans.  When  ripe  it 
peels  like  a  Peach,  the  Tafte  is  indifferent  good, 
but  rather  of  the  Sweetefl. 

The  27th,  having  difcover'd  a  Herd  of 
Beeves,  we  went  alhore  to  kill  fome ;  I  (hot  a 
Heifer,  which  was  very  good  Meat,  we  put 
a  Board  the  bed  of  it,  and  held  on  our  Way 
till  the  Evening,  when  we  encamp'd  on  an 
Ifland,  where  we  obferv'd  an  Alteration  in 
the  Humour  and  Behaviour  of  our  Indians. 
This  put  us  under  fome  Apprehenfion,  and  the 
more,  for  that  he  who  was  reckon'd  an  Her- 
maphrodite, told  us,  they  intended  to  leave  us, 
which  oblig'd  us  to  fecure  our  Arms  and  double 
our  Watch  during  the  Night,  for  Fear  they 
fliould  forfake  us. 

With  that  Jealoufy  we  proceeded  on  our 
Journey  the  28th  and  29th,  coafting  alone  the 
Foot  of  an  upright  Rock,  about  fixty,  or  eighty 
Foot  high,  round  which  the  River  glides.  Held 
on  the  30th  and  31ft,  and  the  firit  of  Septem- 
ber pafs'd  by  the  Mouth  of  a  River  call'd  Mtf- 
fourisy  whofe  Water  is  always  thick,  and  to 
which  our  Indians  did  not  forget  to  offer  Sa- 
crifice. 

The  2d,  we  arriv'd  at  the  Place,  where  the 
Figure  is  of  the  pretended  Monfter  fpoken  of  by 
Father  Marquet.     That  Monfter  confifts  of  two 

fcurvy 


niVi 


^m 


mm 


1 

Hi 


info    NORTH    AMERICA. 

fcurvy  Figures  drawn  in  red,  on  the  flat  Side  of 
a  Rock,  about  ten  or  twelve  Foot  high,  which 
wants  very  much  of  the  extraordinary  Height 
that  Relation  mentions.  However  our  Indians 
paid  Homage,  by  offering  ?4crifice  to  that 
Stone ;  tho*  we  endeavour'd  to  give  them  to 
underftand,  that  the  faid  Rock  had  no  Manner 
of  Virtue,  and  that  we  worfhip'd  fomething 
above  it,  pointing  up  to  Heaven ;  but  it  was 
to  no  Purpofe,  and  they  made  Signs  to  us,  that 
they  (hould  die  if  they  did  not  perform  that 
Duty.  We  proceeded,  coafting  along  a  Chain 
of  Mountains,  and  at  length,  on  the  3d,  left 
the  Miftftpiy  to  enter  the  River  of  the  IJJi- 
nois. 

Wc  found  a  great  Alteration  in  that  River, 
as  well  with  Respedl  to  its  Courfe,  which  is 
very  gentle,  as  to  the  Country  about  it,  which 
is  much  more  agreeable  and  beautiful  than  that 
about  the  great  River,  by  Reafon  of  the  many 
fine  Woods  and  Variety  of  Fruit  its  Banks  are 
adorn'd  with.  It  was  a  very  great  comfort  to 
us,  to  find  fo  much  Eafe  in  going  up  that  Ri- 
ver, by  Reafon  of  its  gentle  Stream,  fo  that 
we  all  (lay'd  in  the  Canoe  and  made  much  more 
Way. 

Thus  we  went  on  till  the  8th,  without  (lopping 
any  longer  than  to  kill  a  Bullock,  and  one  of 
our  Indians,  who  had  a  craving  Stomach,  having 
eaten  fome  of  its  Suet  hot  and  raw,  was  taken 
very  ill,  and  died  of  it,  as  I  fhall  mention  in  its 
Place. 

The  9th,  we  came  into  a  Lake,  about  half  1 
League  over,  which  we  crofs'd,  and  return'd 
into  the  Channel  of  the  River,  on  the  Banks 
whereof  we  found  feveral  Marks  of  the  Natives 

M  3  having 


.65 


Sept.  1687 


River  of 
the  Illinois 


Indian 
dies  of  eat- 
ing raw 
Suet. 


.1 


\  / 


.♦.    I, 


,1 


\^ 


% 


.A 


•tii 


'^'i  f'  i 


li 


Hi 


vt 


I 


4 


I'll 
n.ii 


I'! 


l! 


i 


Meeting 
with  Illi 


nois 


1 66       Monfteur  de  la  Sale'j-  Second  Voyage 

Sept.  1687  having  been  incamp'd  there,  when  they  came 
^'•^'^'^^^^  to  fifh  and  dry  what  they  caught.  The  loth, 
we  crofs'd  another  Lake,  call'd  Primitehouyy  re- 
turn'd  to  the  River,  and  the  nth,  faw  Indians 
before  us,  incamp'd  on  the  Bank  of  a  River, 
whereupon  we  ftop'd  and  made  ready  our 
Arms.  In  the  mean  Time,  one  of  them  came 
towards  us  by  Land,  and  we  put  on  our  Canoe 
towards  him. 

When  that  Indian  was  near,  he  flood  gazing 
on  us,  without  fpeaking  a  Word,  and  then 
drawing  (till  nearer,  we  gave  him  to  underftand, 
that  we  were  sent  by  Monfieur  de  la  Sale^  and 
came  from  him.  Then  he  made  Signs  to 
us,  to  advance  towards  his  People,  whom,  he 
went  before  to  acquaint  with  what  we  had  faid 
to  him,  fo  that  when  we  were  come  near  them 
they  fired  Several  Shot  to  falute  us,  and  we  an- 
fwer'd  them  with  our  Firelocks. 

After  that  mutural  Salutation,  they  came 
into  our  Canoe,  to  fignify,  they  were  glad 
to  hear  News  of  Monfieur  de  la  Sale.  We 
ask'd  them.  What  Nation  they  were  of;  they 
anfwer'd,  They  were  Ijlinois,  of  a  Canton  call'd 
Cafcafquia.  We  enquir'd  whether  Monfieur 
Tonty  was  at  Fort  Lewis ;  they  gave  us  to  un- 
derhand, that  he  was  not,  but  that  he  was  gone 
to  the  War  againfl;  the  Iroquois.  They  invited 
us  Afhore,  to  go  with  them  to  eat  of  fuch  as 
they  had,  we  thank'd  them,  and  they  brought 
us  fome  Gourds  and  Water  Melons,  in  Ex- 
change for  which,  we  gave  them  some  parch'd 
FleOi. 

We  had  not  by  the  Way  taken  Notice  of  a 
Canoe,  in  which  was  a  Man  with  two  Wo- 
men, who,  being  afraid  of  us,  had   hid  them- 

felves 


^m 


mm^m 


TfT 


il 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


167 


Sept.  1687 


ts  among 
the  Illinois. 


felves  among  the  Reeds,  but  that  man  feeing  us 
(lop  among  his  Countrymen,  took  Heart,  came 
to  us,  and  having  old  us,  that  he  belong'd  to  a 
Village  near  Fort  Lewisy  we  fet  out  together, 
and  one  of  our  Indians  went  into  that  Canoe, 
to  help  them  to  fhove,  fo  they  call  the  Way  of 
pulhing  on  the  Canoe  with  Poles  inflead  of 
rowing. 

On  Sunday y  the  14th  of  September ^  about  two  Fort  Lew 
in  the  Afternoon,  we  came  into  the  Neigh- 
bourhood of  Fort  Lewis.  Drawing  near,  we 
were  met  by  fome  Indians  that  were  on  the 
Bank,  who  having  view'd  us  well,  and  under- 
ftanding  we  came  from  Monfr.  de  la  Sale,  and 
that  we  belong'd  to  him,  ran  to  the  Fort  to 
carry  the  News,  and  immediately  we  faw  a 
French  Man  come  out,  with  a  Company  of  Indi- 
ans,  who  fir'd  a  Volley  of  feveral  Pieces,  to  fa- 
lute  us.  Then  the  French  Man  drew  near,  and 
defir'd  us  to  come  Afliore,  which  we  did,  leav- 
ing only  one  in  the  Canoe,  to  take  Care  of  our 
Baggage ;  for  the  IJJinois  are  very  fharp  at  car- 
rying off  anything  they  can  lay  their  Hands 
on,  and  confequently,  nothing  near  fo  honest 
as  the  Nations  we  had  pafs'd  thro*. 

We  all  walk'd  togf  *^her  towards  the  Fort, 
and  found  three  French  Men  coming  to  meet  us, 
and  among  them  a  Clerk,  who  had  belong'd  to 
the  late  Monfr.  de  la  Sale.  They  immediately 
ask'd  us,  where  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  was,  we  told 
them,  he  had  brought  us  Part  of  the  Way,  and 
left  us  at  a  Place  about  forty  Leagues  beyond 
the  CeniSy  and  that  he  was  then  in  good  Health. 
AH  that  was  true  enough  ;  for  Monfr,  Cavelier 
and  I,  who  were  the  Perfons,  that  then  fpoke, 
were  not  prefent  at  Monfr.  de  la  Sale's  Death  ; 

M  4  he 


j 


Arrival  at 
Fort  Lewis. 


i  .,! 


.  J 


iii 


i 


I 


1 

i 

ii 


if 


(I 


(1 


Reception, 


1 68  Monfteur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

Sept.  1687  he  was  in  good  Health  when  he  left  us,  and  I 
^^'W/  have  told  the  Reafons  we  had  for  concealing 
his  Death,  till  we  came  into  France. 

It  is  no  lefs  true,  that  Father  Anajlajtus^ 
and  he  they  call'd  Teifter^  could  have  given  a 
better  Account,  the  one  as  an  Eye  Witnefs, 
and  the  other,  as  one  of  the  Murderers,  and 
they  were  both  with  us ;  but  to  avoid  lying, 
they  faid  Nothing.  We  farther  told  them,  we 
had  Orders  to  go  over  into  France,  to  give  an 
Account  of  the  Difcoverips  made  by  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale,  and  to  procure  the  fending  of  Succours. 

At  length,  we  enter'd  the  Fort,  where  we 
found  and  furpriz'd  feveral  Perfons  who  did 
not  expeft  us.  All  the  French  were  under  Arms 
and  made  feveral  Difcharges  to  welcome  us. 
Monfieur  de  Belle  Fontaine  Lieutenant  to  Monfr. 
Tonly,  was  at  the  Head  of  them  and  compli- 
mented us.  Then  we  were  conduded  to  the 
Chappel,  where  we  return'd  Thanks  to  God, 
from  the  Bottom  of  our  Hearts,  for  having 
preferv'd  and  conduded  us  in  Safety ;  after 
which  we  had  our  Lodgings  affigned  us,  Monfr. 
Cavelier  and  Father  AnaJJaftus  had  one  Cham- 
ber, and  we  were  put  into  the  Magazine,  or 
Ware-houfe.  All  this  While,  the  Natives 
came  by  Intervals,  to  fire  their  Pieces,  to  ex- 
prefs  their  Joy  for  our  Return,  and  for  the 
News  we  brought  of  Monfieur  de  la  Sale, 
which  refrefh'd  our  Sorrow  for  his  Misfor- 
tune ;  perceiving  that  his  Prefence  would 
have  fettled  all  Things  advantageoufly. 

The  Day  after  our  Arrival,  one  of  the  In- 
dians, who  had  condufted  us,  having  been  fick 
ever  fince  he  eat  the  raw  Beef  Suet,  I  mention'd 
before,  died,  and  his   Companions  took  away 

and 


^tmim 


^^mm 


1/ 


away 
and 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


169 


and  bury'd  him  privately.  We  gave  them  the  Sfpt.\6%7 
promis'd  Reward,  and  the  Part  belonging  to  '■'''"VV) 
the  Dead  Man,  to  be  deliver'd  to  his 
Relations.  They  ftay'd  fome  Time  in  the 
Fort,  during  the  which,  we  took  extraordinary 
Care  of  them,  and  at  laft  they  return'd  to  their 
own  Homes. 

As  far  as  we  could  gather  by  half  Words 
dropp'd  there  by  one  or  other  at  the  Fort, 
Something  had  been  done  there  prejudicial  to 
the  Service  of  Monfr.  de  la  Sa/e,  and  againfl  his 
Authority,  and  therefore  fome  dreaded  his 
Return,  but  more  efpecially  a  Je/uit  was  in 
great  Conflernation.  He  was  fick,  Monfieur 
CavelieKy  Father  Anajlaftus  and  I  went  to  visit 
him.  He  enquired  very  particularly  of  all 
Points,  and  could  not  conceal  his  Trouble, 
which  we  would  not  feem  to  take  Notice 
of. 

Our  Defign  being  to  make  the  beft  of  our 
way  to  Canada^  in  Order  to  fet  out  Aboard 
the  firft  French  Ships  that  fhould  Sail  for  France^ 
we  enquired  how  we  were  to  proceed,  and  met 
with  leveral  Difficulties.  The  Navigation  on 
that  River  was  very  Dangerous,  by  Reafon  of  Falh  in  the 
the  Falls  there  are  in  it,  which  mud  be  care-  River. 
fully  avoided,  unlefs  a  Man  will  run  an  inevi- 
table Hazard  of  perifhing.  There  were  few 
Perfons  capable  of  managing  that  Affair,  and 
the  War  with  the  Iroquois  made  all  Men  a- 
fraid. 

However  the  Sieur  Boifrondet^  Clerk  to  the 
late  Monfr.  de  la  Sale^  having  told  us  he  had 
a  Canoe,  in  which  he  defign'd  to  go  down 
to  Canada^  we  prepared  to  make  ufe  of  that 
Opportunity.     Care  was  taken  to  gather  Pro- 

vifions 


1 


\  \ 


7. 


l| 


..Jjl 


WTTT^ 


n 


170  Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

Sept.  1687  villons  for  our  Voyage,  to  get  Furs  to  barter  as 
^''^'^  we  pafs'd  by  Micilimaquinay.  The  Vilits  of  two 
Chiefs  of  Nations,  call'd  Cafcafquia  Peroueria  and 
Cacahouanous  discover'd  by  the  late  Monfieur  de 
la  Sale,  did  not  interrupt  our  AfFr..iS,  and  ail 
things  being  got  ready,  we  took  Leave  of  thofe 
we  left  in  the  Fort.  Monfieur  Cavelier  writ  a 
Letter  for  Monfieur  Tonly,  which  he  left  there 
to  be  delivered  to  him,  and  we  repair'd  to  the 
Lake  to  imbark. 

It  would  be  needlefs  to  relate  all  the  "'rou- 
bles and  Hardrtiips  we  met  with,  in  that  Jour- 
ney, it  was  painful  and  fruitlefs,  for  having  gone 
to  the  Bank  of  the  Lake,  in  very  foul  Wea- 
ther, after  waiting  there  five  Days,  for  that 
M.  Cave-  foul  Weather  to  ceafe,  and  after  we  had 
licr.yr.  imbark'd,  notwithflanding  the  Storm,  we  were 
'(^L""!!'"'^  oblig'd  to  put  Alhore  again,  to  return  to  the 
Place  where  we  had  imbark'd,  and  there  to  dig 
a  Hole  in  the  Earth,  to  bury  our  Baggage 
and  Provifions,  to  fave  the  Trouble  of  carry- 
ing them  back  to  Fort  Lewis,  whither  we 
return'd  and  arrived  there  the  7th  of  O^ober ; 
where  they  were  furpriz'd  to  fee  us  come 
back. 

Thus  were  we  oblig'd  to  continue  in  that 
Fort  all  the  reft  of  Autumn  and  Part  of 
the  Winter,  to  our  great  Sorrow,  and  not  fo 
much  for  our  own  Difappointment,  as  for  be- 
ing, by  that  Means,  obftructed  from  fending 
or  Succours,  as  foon  as  we  had  expeded,  as  well 
to  the  faid  Fort,  as  to  thofe  French  of  our  own 
Company,  whom  we  had  left  on  the  Coaft 
of  the  Bay  of  Mexico, 

It 


returns 
again 


'J.L 


oyage 

barter  as 
:8  of  two 
leria  and 
nfieur  de 
and  all 
of  thofe 
er  writ  a 
3ft  there 
1  to  the 

le  1'rou- 
at  Jour- 
ing  gone 
il  Wea- 
for  that 
we  had 
we  were 
1  to  the 
re  to  dig 
Baggage 
f  carry- 
ther  we 
October ; 
s    come 

in  that 
art  of 
not  fo 
for  be- 
"ending 
as  well 
)ur  own 
Coaft 

It 


/«/o   NORTH     AMERICA. 

It  was  then  the  good  Season  for  (hooting. 
Thofe  Gentlemen  at  the  Fort  had  fecur'd  two 
good  Indian  Sportfmen,  who  never  let  us  want 
for  Wild  Fowl  of  all  Sorts  ;  befides  we  had 
good  Bread,  and  as  good  P'ruit,  and  had  there 
been  any  Thing  to  drink  belldes  Water,  we  had 
far'd  well.  The  Leifure  we  had  during  our 
Stay  there,  gave  me  an  Opportunity  of  making 
the  following  Remarks,  as  well  of  my  own  Ob- 
fervation,  as  what  I  learn'd  of  the  French  re- 
fiding  there. 

Fort  Lewis  is  in  the  Country  of  the  Tjlinois 
and  feated  on  a  fleep  Rock,  about  two  hundred 
Foot  high,  the  River  running  at  the  Bottom  of 
it.  It  is  only  fortified  with  Stakes  and  Palifades, 
and  fome  Houfes  advancing  to  the  Edge  of  the 
Rock.  It  has  a  very  fpacious  Efplanade,  or 
Place  of  Arms.  The  Place  is  naturally  (Irong, 
and  might  be  made  fo  by  Art,  with  little  Ex- 
pence.  Several  of  the  Natives  live  in  it,  in 
their  Huts.  I  cannot  give  an  Account  of  the 
Latitude  it  (lands  in,  for  Want  of  proper  Inftru- 
ments  to  take  an  Obfervation,  but  Nothing 
can  be  pleafanter;  and  it  may  be  truly  a(firm'a,. 
that  the  Country  of  the  IJlinois  enjoys  all  that 
can  make  it  accompliili'd,  not  only  as  to  Orna- 
ment, but  alfo  for  its  plentiful  Produdlion  of 
all  Things  requifite  for  the  Support  of  human 
Life. 

The  Plain,  which  is  water'd  by  the  River,  is 
beautified  by  two  fmall  Hills,  about  half -a 
League  diftant  from  the  Fort,  and  thofe  Hills 
are  cover'd  with  Groves  of  Oaks,  Walnut- 
Trees  and  other  Sorts  1  have  named  elfewhere. 
The  Fields  are  full  of  Grafs,  growing  up  very 
high.     On  the  Sides  of  the  Hills  is  found  a 

gravelly 


0/7.  1687 


Defcrip. 
tion  of  Fort 
Lewis  and 
the  Country 
about  it. 


Lime  and 
Clay  for 
Bricks,i^c. 


W 


\ 


/ 


4 


Twir 


U'  1  i ' 


fh: 


M     1; 

'      } 

y        '; 

■\ 

'  \ 

■i 

« 

'I 

f 

1 

1 72  Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

Oa.  1687    gravelly  Sort  of  Stone,  very  fit  to  make  Lime 

^^^^*^  for  Building.  There  are  alfo  many  Clay  Pits, 
fit  for  makmg  of  Earthen  Ware,  Bricks  and 
Tiles,  and  along  the  River  there  are  Coal  Pits, 
the  Coal  whereof  has  been  try'd  and  found 
very  good. 

Mines.  There  is   no   Reafon    to   question,  but  that 

there  are  in  this  Country,  Mines  of  all  Sorts  of 
Metals,  and  of  the  richefl,  the  Climate  being 
the  fame  as  that  of  New  Mexico.  We  faw  feve- 
ral  Spots,  where  it  appeared  there  were  Iron 
Mines,  and  found  fome  Pieces  of  it  on  the  Bank 
of  the  River,  which  Nature  had  cleanfed. 
Travellers  who  have  been  at  the  upper  Part  of 
the  Mifjiftpi^  affirm  that  they  have  round  Mines 
therj,  of  very  good  Lead. 

Produa.  That  Country  is  one  of  the  moft  temperate 

in  the  World,  and  confequently  whatfoever  is 
fow'd  there,  whether  Herbs,  Roots,  Indian 
and  even  European  Corn  thrives  very  well,  as 
has  been  try'd  by  the  Sieur  Boifrondet^  who 
fow'd  of  all  Sorts,  and  had  a  plentiful  Crop, 
and  we  eat  of  the  Bread,  which  was  very  good. 
And  whereas  we  were  afTured,  that  there  were 
Vines  which  run  up,  whofe  Grapes  are  very 
good  and  delicious,  growing  along  the  River, 
it  is  reafonable  to  believe,  that  if  thofe  Vines 
were  tranfplanted  and  prun'd,  there  might  be 
very  good  Wine  made  of  them.  There  is  alfo 
Plenty  of  wild  Apple  and  Pear  Trees,  and  of 
feveral  other  Sorts,  which  would  afford  excel- 
lent Fruit,  were  they  grafted  and  tranfplant- 
ed. 

All  other  Sorts  of  Fruit,  as  Plumbs,  Peaches 
and  others,  wherewith  the  Country  abounds, 
would  become  exquifite,  if  the  fame  Induftry 

were 


I    1 


VI 


Voyage 

ake  Lime 
Clay  Pits, 
ricks  and 
"oal  Pits, 
nd   found 

but  that 
11  Sorts  of 
ate  being 

faw  feve- 

vere   Iron 

the  Bank 

cleanfed. 
ZT  Part  of 
nd  Mines 

temperate 
tfoever  is 
s,  Indian 
y  well,  as 
tdet,  who 
ful  Crop, 
ery  good, 
lere  were 
are  very 
le  River, 
)fe  Vines 
might  be 
re  is  alfo 
and  of 
rd  excel- 
anfplant- 

Peaches 
abounds, 
Induftry 
were 


Oa.  1687 


Manners 
and  Cu- 
ftoms  of 
the  Idi- 
nois. 


Women  do 
ail  Labour. 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

were  us'd,  and  other  Sorts  of  Fruit  we  have  in 
France  would  thrive  well,  if  they  were  carry'd 
over.  The  Earth  produces  a  Sort  of  Hemp, 
whereof  Cloth  might  be  made  and  Cordage. 

As  for  the  Manners  and  Cu  ftoms  of  the  Ij^^- 
nois,  in  many  Particulars  they  are  the  fame  as 
thofe  of  the  other  Nations  we  have  fecn.  They 
are  naturally  fierce  and  revengeful,  and  among 
them  the  Toil  of  Sowing,  Planting,  carrying 
of  Burdens,  and  aoing  all  other  Things  that 
belong  to  the  Support  of  Life,  appertams  pe- 
culiarly to  the  Women.  The  Men  have  no  o- 
ther  Bufinefs  but  going  to  the  War  and  hunt- 
ing, and  the  women  muft  fetch  the  Game 
when  they  have  kill'd  it,  which  fometimes  they 
are  to  cary  very  far  to  their  Dwellings,  and 
there  to  parch,  or  drefs  it  any  other  Way. 

When  the  Corn  or  other  Grain  is  fow'd, 
the  Women  fecure  it  from  the  Birds  till  it  comes 
up.  Thofe  Birds  are  a  sort  of  Starlings,  like 
ours  in  France,  but  larger  and  fly  in  great 
Swarms, 

The  IJJinois  have  but  few  Children,  and  are  Children. 
extremely  fond  of  them ;  it  is  the  Cuftom  a- 
mong  them,  as  well  as  others  I  have  mention- 
ed, never  to  chide,  or  beat  them,  but  only  to 
throw  Water  at  them,  by  Way  of  Chaftife- 
ment. 

The  Nations  we  have  fpoken  of  before,  are  Thieving. 
not  at  all,  or  very  little,  addided  to  Thieving ; 
but  it  is  not  fo  with  the  IJJinois,  and  it  behoves 
every  Man  to  watch  their  Feet  as  well  as  their 
Hands,  for  they  know  how  to  turn  any  Thing 
out  of  the  Way  moft  dexteroufly.  They  are 
fubjed  to  the  general  Vice  of  all  the  other  In- 
dians, which    is    to   boaft    very  much  of  their  ^"^/''"S' 

Warlike 


\ . ). 


i 


% 


~m-.^-    liJt.._ 


y»l 


W     '1 


'if 


?i)/ 


\  * 


li 


174 

O/?.  1687 

Care  of  the 
Dead. 


Prefents  to 
the  Dead. 


Monjteur  de  la  Sale*/  Second  Voyage 

Warlike  Exploits,  and  that  is  the  main  Subjed  of 
their  Difcourfe,  and  they  are  very  great  Lyars. 

They  pay  a  Refped  to  their  Dead,  as  ap- 
pears by  their  fpecial  Care  of  burying  them, 
and  even  of  putting  into  lofty  Coffins  the  Bodies 
of  fuch  as  are  confiderable  among  them,  as  their 
Chiefs  and  others,  which  is  alfo  pradifed  a- 
mong  the  AccanceaSy  but  they  differ  in  this  Par- 
ticular, that  the  Accanceas  weep  and  make  their 
Complaints  for  fome  Days,  whereas  the  Cha- 
houanous  and  other  People  of  the  IJlinois  Nation 
do  juft  the  Contrary;  for  when  any  of  them 
die,  they  wrap  them  up  in  Skins,  and  then  put 
them  into  Coffins  made  of  the  Barks  of  Trees, 
then  fing  and  dance  about  them  for  twenty  four 
Hours.  Thofe  Dancers  take  Care  to  tie  Cala- 
baflies,  or  Gourds  about  their  Bodies,  with  fome 
Indian  Wheat  in  them,  to  rattle  and  make  a  Noife, 
and  fome  of  them  have  a  Drum,  made  of  a 
great  Earthen  Pot,  on  which  they  extend  a  wild 
Goat's  Skin,  and  beat  thereon  with  one  Stick, 
like  our  Tabors. 

During  that  Rejoicing,  they  throw  their  Pre- 
fents on  the  Coffin,  as  Bracelets,  Pendants,  or 
Pieces  of  Earthen  Ware,  and  Strings  of  Bead?, 
encouraging  the  Singers  to  perform  their  Duty 
well.  If  any  Friend  happens  to  come  thither  at 
that  Time,  he  immediately  throws  down  his  Pre- 
fent  and  falls  a  fmging  and  dancing  like  the  reft. 
When  that  Ceremony  is  over,  they  bury  the 
Body,  with  Part  of  the  Prefents,  making  choice 
of  fuch  as  may  be  moft  proper  for  it.  They 
alfo  bury  with  it,  fome  Store  of  Indian  Wheat, 
with  a  Pot  to  boil  it  in,  for  fear  the  dead 
Ferfon  (hould  be  hungry  on  his  long  Journey; 

and 


\ 


Voyage 

Subjedl  of 
;at  Lyars. 
ad,  as  ap- 
ing them, 
::he  Bodies 
n,  as  their 
adifed  a- 
i  this  Par- 
lake  their 
the  Cha- 
ns Nation 
of  them 
then  put 
of  Trees, 
^enty  four 
)  tie  Cala- 
with  fome 
:e  a  Noife, 
lade  of  a 
;nd  a  wild 
one  Stick, 

their  Pre- 
idants,  or 
of  Bead? 
leir  Duty 
thither  at 
1  his  Pre- 
e  the  reft, 
bury  the 
ng  choice 
They 
i  Wheat, 
the  dead 
ourney ; 
and 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


^7S 


f  ■  ■ 


V   ■  i 


Game  of 
the  Stick. 


and   they   repeat   the   fame    Ceremony   at   the    On.  1687 
Year's  End.  O'-VNJ 

A  good  Number  of  Prefents  ftill  remaining, 
they  divide  them  into  feveral  Lots,  and  play  at 
a  Game,  call'd  of  the  Stick,  to  give  them  to  the 
Winner.  That  Game  is  play'd,  taking  a  (hort 
Stick,  very  fmooth  and  greas'd,  that  it  may 
be  the  Harder  to  hold  it  fast.  One  of  the  Elders 
throws  that  Stick  as  far  as  he  can,  the  young 
Men  run  after  it,  fnatch  it  from  each  other, 
and  at  laft,  he  who  remains  poflefs'd  of  it,  has 
the  firft  Lot.  The  Stick  is  then  thrown  again, 
he  who  keeps  it  then  has  the  fecond  Lot,  and  fo 
on  to  the  End.  The  Women,  whose  Husbands 
have  been  flain  in  War,  often  perform  the  fame 
Ceremony,  and  treat  the  Singers  and  Dancers 
whom  they  have  before  invited. 

The  Marriages  of  the  IJlinois  laft  no  longer.  Marriages 
than  the  Parties  agree  together;  for  they  freely 
part  after  aHuntingBout,  each  going  which  Way 
they  pleafe,  without  any  Ceremony.  However, 
the  Men  are  jealous  enough  of  their  Wives,  and 
when  they  catch  them  in  a  Fault,  they  general- 
ly cut  of  their  Noses,  and  I  faw  one  who  had 
been  so  ferv'd. 

Neverthelefs,  Adultery  is  not  reckon'd  any  Adultery. 
great  Crime  among  thcr.i,  and  there  are  Wo- 
men who  make  no  Secret  of  having  had  to  do 
with  French  Men.  Yet  are  they  not  fufnciently 
addided  to  that  Vice  to  offer  themfelves,  and 
they  never  fall,  unless  they  are  sued  to,  when, 
they  are  none  of  the  moft  difficult  in  the  World 
to  be  prevail'd  on.  The  reft  I  leave  to  thofe 
who  have  liv'd  longer  there  than  \. 

We 


% 


i    \ 


4 


^^i 


■M 


u    , 

'  \1 

! 

1 

i 

! 

176 

Oa.  1687. 


How  the 
Travellers 


M.  Tonty 
comes  to 
Fort  Le- 


wis. 


ff^ar  with 
the  Iro- 
quois. 


Monjieur  de  la  Sale*/  Second  Voyage 

We  continu'd  fome  Time  in  Fort  Lewis, 
without  receiving  any  News.  Our  Bufinefs 
was,  after  having  heard  Mafs,  which  we  had 
the  good  Fortune  to  do  every  Day,  to  divert 
our  felves  the  bed  we  could.  The  Indian  Wo- 
men daily  brought  in  fomething  frefh,  we  want- 
ed not  for  Water  Melons,  Bread  made  of  In- 
dian Corn,  bak'd  in  the  Embers,  and  other  fuch 
Things,  and  we  rewarded  them  with  little  Pre- 
fents  m  Return. 

On  the  27th  of  OSloher,  of  the  fame  Year, 
Monfieur  Tonty  return'd  from  the  War  with 
the  Iroquois.  Our  Embraces  and  the  Relation 
of  our  Adventures  were  again  repeated ;  but 
ftill  concealing  from  him,  the  Death  of 
Monfieur  de  la  Sale.  He  told  us  all  the  Parti- 
culars of  that  War,  and  faid.  That  the  Iroquois 
having  got  Intelligence  of  the  March  of  the 
French  Forces  and  their  Allies,  had  all  come  out 
of  their  Villages  and  laid  themfelves  in  Am- 
bufh  by  the  Way  ;  but  that  having  made  a  fud- 
den  and  general  Difcharge  upon  our  Men,  with 
their  ufual  Cries,  yet  without  much  Harm  done, 
they  had  been  repuls'd  with  Lofs,  took  their 
Flight,  and  by  the  Way  burnt  all  their  own 
Villages.  That  Monfieur  d'  Hennonville,  chief 
Governor  of  New  France,  had  caus'd  the  Army 
to  march,  to  burn  the  reft  of  their  Villages, 
fet  Fire  to  their  Country  and  Corn,  but  would 
not  proceed  any  farther.  That  afterwards  he 
had  made  himfelf  Mafter  of  feveral  Canoes  be- 
longing to  the  Englijhy  moft  of  them  laden  with 
Brandy,  which  had  been  plunder'd ;  that  the 
Englijh  had  been  fent  Prisoners  to  Montreal,  they 
being  come  to  make  fome  Attempt  upon  the 
IJlinois. 

We 


.JWK.|-  lUJI 


M^ 


wr«j»" 


oyage 

t  LewiSy 
Bufinefs 
we  had 
to  divert 
iian  Wo- 
we  want- 
ie  of  /«- 
ther  fuch 
ittle  Pre- 

ne  Year, 
Var  with 
Relation 
ted ;    but 
)eath     of 
:he  Parti- 
;  Iroquois 
h   of  the 
come  out 
in  Am- 
ide a  fud- 
klen,  with 
irm  done, 
jok  their 
leir  own 
Iky  chief 
le  Army 
Villages, 
ut  would 
wards  he 
inoes  be- 
den  with 
that  the 
ealy  they 
pon  the 

We 


inio   NORTH    AMERICA. 


^77 


We  continued  after  this  Manner,  till  the  •D^''-  1687 
Month  of  DecembeVy  when  two  Men  arri\ed,  ^'^''VVJ 
from  Montreal.  They  came  to  give 
Notice  to  Monfr.  Tontyy  that  three  Canoes,  la- 
den with  Merchandize,  Powder,  Ball  and  other 
Things,  were  arriv'd  at  Chicagoriy  that  there 
being  two  little  Water  in  the  River,  and  what 
there  was  being  frozen,  they  could  come  down 
no  lower;  fo  that  it  being  requifite  to  fend 
Men  to  fetch  thofe  Things,  Monfr.  Tonty  de- 
fir'd  the  Chief  of  the  Chahouanous  to  furnilh  him 
with  People.  That  Chief  accordingly  provi- 
ded forty,  as  well  Men  as  Women,  who  fet  out 
with  fome  French  Men.  The  Honefty  of  the 
Chahouanous  was  the  Reafon  of  preferring  them 
before  the  IJUnoiSy  who  are  naturally  Knaves. 

That  Ammunition  and  the  Merchandize  were  Feb.  1688 
foon  brought,  and  very  feafonably,  the  Fort  be- 
ing then  in  Want.  We  ftay'd  there  till  the 
End  of  February y  1688,  at  which  Time  we  fix'd 
our  Resolution  to  depart,  tho'  we  had  no  News 
from  Canada y  as  we  expeded.  We  found  there 
were  fome  Canoes  ready  to  under- 
take that  Voyage,  and  we  laid  hold  of  that  Op- 
portunity to  convoy  each  other  to  the  Micilima- 
quinayy  where  we  hop'd  to  meet  fome  News 
from  Canada. 

Monfieur  Cavelier  the  Prieft,  had  taken  Care,  Mar.  1688 
before  the  Death  of  M.  de  la  Sale,  his  Brother,  to 
get  of  him  a  Letter  of  Credit,  to  receive  either  a 
Sum  of  Money  or  Furs  in  the  Country  of  the 
Ijlinois.  He  tender'd  that  Letter  to  M.  Tontyy 
who  believing  y\..  de  la  Sale  was  ftill  alive,  made 
no  Difficulty  of  giving  him  to  the  Value  of  about 
4000  Livres  in  Furs,  Caftors  and  Otter  Skins,  a 
Canoe  and  other   Effeds,  for  which,   the  faid 

N  Monfr. 


% 

H  k 


1 


■riiiif? 


fwj 


i  ( 


1 78  Monjteur  de  la  S  a  l  e*j-  Second  Voyage 

Mar.  1688  Monfr.  Cavelier  gave  him  his  Note,  and  we  pre- 

^^'^'^    par'd  for  our  Journey. 

I  have  before  obferved,  that  there  was  a  Je- 
fuity  whofe  name  was  Dalouez  at  Fort  Lewis, 
and  who  had  been  very  much  furpriz'd  to  hear 
that  Monfr.  de  la  Sale  was  to  come  in  a  fhort 
Time,  being  under  great  Apprehenfions  on 
Account  of  a  Confpiracy  intended  to  have  been 
carry'd  on,  againft  Monfr.  de  la  Sale's  Interefl. 
That  Father  perceiving  our  Departure  was 
fix'd,  mov'd  firft,  and  went  away  foremoft, 
to  return  to  Micilimaquinay ;  fo  that  they 
were  left  without  a  Prieft  at  Fort  Lewis,  which 
was  a  great  Trouble  to  us,  becaufe  we  were  the 
Occafion  of  it,  and  therefore  thofe,  who  were 
to  remain  in  the  Fort,  anticipated  the  Time, 
and  made  their  EaJJer,  taking  the  Advantage  of 
the  Prefence  oi  F.  Anajlafius  and  M.  Cavelier. 

At  length,  we  fet  out  the   21th  of  March, 
from  Fort  Lewis.  The  Sieur  Boijrondet,  who  was 

The  Travel  cigfirous  to  return  to  France,  ]6mdt.  us,  we  im- 
bark'd  on  the  River,  which  was  then  become 
navigable,  and  before  we  had  advanc'd  five 
Leagues,  met  with  a  rapid  Stream,  which  oblig'd 
us  to  go  Afhore,  and  then  again  into  the  Water, 
to  draw  along  our  Canoe.  I  had  the  Misfor- 
tune to  hurt  one  of  my  Feet  againft  a  Rock 
that  lay  under  Water,  which  troubled  me  ve- 
ry much  for  a  long  Time ;  and  we  being  under 
a  Neceffity  of  going  often  into  the  Water,  I 
fufl'er'd  extreanily,  and  more  than  I  had  done 
fince  our  Departure  from  the  Gulph  of  Mexico. 
We  arriv'd  at  Cbicagon  the  29th  oi March,  and 
our  firft  Care  was  to  go  feek  what  we  had 
conceal'd  at  our  former  Voyage,  having,  as 
was  there  faid,  bury'd  our  Luggage  and  Provi- 

fions. 


^1^ 


mm 


d  we  pre- 


was  a  Je- 
rt  Lewis, 
[  to  hear 
n  a  fhort 
ifions   on 
lave  been 
r  Intereft. 
rture   was 
foremoft, 
hat    they 
vis,  which 
;  were  the 
who  were 
:he  Time, 
vantage  of 
'".avelier. 
dF  March, 
t,  who  was 
us,  we  im- 
;n  become 
inc'd    five 
ich  oblig'd 
he  Water, 
le  Misfor- 
a  Rock 
me  ve- 
ing  under 
Water,   I 
lad  done 
f  Mexico, 
iarch,  and 
we    had 


:d 


laving,  as 
nd  Provi- 
fions, 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

fions.  We  found  it  had  been  open'd,  and  fome 
Furs  and  Linen  taken  away,  almoft  all  which  be- 
long'd  to  me.  This  had  been  done  by  a  French 
Man,  whom  M.  Tonty  had  fent  from  the  Fort, 
during  the  Winter  Seafon,  to  know  whether 
there  were  any  Canoes  at  Chicagon,  and  whom 
he  had  direded  to  fee  whether  any  Body  had 
medled  with  what  we  had  conceal'd,  and  he 
made  Ufe  of  that  Advice  to  rob  us. 

The  bad  Weather  oblig'd  us  to  flay  in  that 
Place,  till  April.  That  Time  of  Reft  was  advan- 
tageous for  the  Healing  my  Foot ;  and  there 
bemg  bat  very  little  Game  in  that  Place,  we  had 
Nothing  but  our  Meal  or  Indian  Wheat  to  feed 
on ;  yet  we  difcover'd  a  Kind  of  Mahna,  which 
was  a  great  Help  to  us.  It  was  a  Sort  of  Trees, 
refembling  our  Maple,  in  which  we  made  Inci- 
fions,  whence  flow'd  a  fweet  Liquor,  and  in  it 
we  boil'd  our  Indian  Wheat,  which  made  it  de- 
licious, fweet  and  of  a  very  agreeable  Relifh. 

There  being  no  Sugar-Canes  in  that  Country, 
thofe  Trees  fupply'd  that  Liquor,  which 
being  boil'd  up  and  evaporated,  turn'd  into  a 
Kind  of  Sugar  fomewhat  brownilh,  but  very 
good.  In  the  Woods  we  found  a  Sort  of  Garlick, 
not  fo  ftrong  as  ours,  and  fmall  Onions  very  like 
ours  in  Tafte,  and  fome  Charvel  of  the  fame  Re- 
lifti  as  that  we  have,  but  different  in  the  Leaf. 

The  Weather  being  fomewhat  mended,  we 
imbark'd  again  and  enter'd  upon  the  Lake  on 
the  5th  of  April,  keeping  to  the  North  Side  to 
Ihun  the  Iroquois.  We  had  fome  Storms  alfo, 
and  faw  fwelling  Waves  like  thofe  of  the  Sea ; 
but  arriv'd  fafe  the  15th  at  a  River  call'd  ^i- 
netonan,  near  a  Village  whence,  the  Inhabitants 
depart  during  the  Winter  Seafon,  to  go  a  Hunt- 
ing, and  refide  there  all  the  Summer. 

N  2  The 


i 


179 

Mar.  1688 


\ 


If 


Sweet  Wa- 
ter from  a 
Tree. 


Quineto- 
nan  River. 


:! 


'<k' 


i8o 

Apr.  1688 


How 

Wolves 
ctitch  Goats 


Poutoua- 
tanni  Na- 
tion. 


Hurons 
and  Outa- 
h-.   acs 

Nations. 


Monjieur  de  la  S  A  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

The  Sport  is  not  there  as  in  thofe  Countries 
from  whence  we  came  :  but  on  the  Contrary, 
very  poor,  and  we  found  Nothing  but  fome 
very  lean  Wild  Goats,  and  even  thofe  very 
rarely,  becaufe  the  Wolves,  which  are  very  nu- 
merous there,  make  great  Havock  of  them, 
taking  and  devouring  great  Numbers  after  this 
Manner. 

When  the  Wolves  have  difcover'd  a  Herd 
of  Wild  Goats,  they  roufe  and  fet  them  a  run- 
ning. The  Wild  Goats  never  fail  to  take  to 
the  firfl  Lake  they  meet  with.  The  hunting 
Wolves,  who  are  ufed  to  that,  guard  the  Banks 
carefully,  moving  along  the  Edges  of  them. 
The  poor  Goats  being  pierc'd  by  the  Cold  of 
the  Lake,  grow  weary  and  fo  get  out,  or  elfe  the 
River  fwelling  forces  them  out  with  its  Waves, 
quite  benumm'd,  fo  that  they  are  eafily  taken  by 
their  Enemies,  who  devour  them.  We  frequent- 
ly faw  those  Wolves  watching  along  the  Side 
of  the  Lake,  and  kept  off  to  avoid  frightning 
them,  to  the  End  the  Wild  Goats  might 
quit  their  Sandluary,  that  we  might  catch  fome 
of  them,  as  it  fometimes  fell  out. 

The  28  th,  we  arriv'd  among  the  Poutouatan- 
nis,  which  is  half  Way  to  Micilimaquinayy  where 
we  purchas'd  fome  Indian  Corn  for  the  rell  of 
our  Voyage.  We  found  no  News  there  from 
Montreal^  and  were  forc'd  to  flay  fome  Time  to 
wait  an  Opportunity  to  go  down  the  River. 
No  Man  daring  to  venture,  becaufe  of  the 
War  with  the  Iroquois. 

There  are  fome  French  Men  in  that  Place, 
and  four  Jefuits^  who  have  a  Houfe  well  built 
with  Timber,  inclofed  with  Stakes  and 
Palifades.      There     are     alfo     some     Hurons 

and 


l.ti. 


vK 


il 


oyage 

Countries 
Contrary, 
but  fome 
lofe  very 

very  nu- 
of  them, 

after  this 

i  a  Herd 
m  a  run- 
o  take  to 
e  hunting 
the  Banks 
of  them. 
B  Cold  of 
or  elfe  the 
ts  Waves, 
y  taken  by 
;  frequent- 
r  the  Side 
frightning 
ats  might 
atch  fome 

^outouatan- 

nay^  where 

le  reil:  of 

lere  from 

rime  to 

le   River. 

of  the 

lat  Place, 
well  built 
ikes  and 
Hurons 
and 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 


i8i 


and  OutabouacSy  two  Neighbouring  Nations,  ^"y  "688 
whom  thofe  Fathers  take  Care  to  inftrud:,  not  ^•^''VV-) 
without  very  much  Trouble,  thofe  People  being 
downright  Libertines,  and  there  are  very  often 
none  but  a  few  Women  in  their  Churches. 
Thofe  Fathers  have  each  of  them  the  Charge 
of  inftructing  a  Nation,  and  to  that  EfFed  have 
tranflated  the  proper  Prayers  into  the  Language 
peculiar  to  each  of  them,  as  alfo  all  other 
Things  relating  to  the  Catholick  Faith  and  Re- 
ligion. 

They  ofFer'd  Father  Anajlaftus  and  Monfieur  June  1688 
Cavelier  a  Room,  which  they  accepted  of,  and 
we  took  up  our  j_odging  in  a  little  Hovel  fome 
Travellers  had  made.  There  we  continued  the 
reft  oi  May  and  Part  of  June^  till  after  the  Feaft 
of  Whitfontide.  The  Natives  of  the  Country 
about,  till  the  Land  and  fow  Indian  Corn,  Me- 
lons and  Gourds,  but  they  do  not  thrive  fo  well 
as  in  the  Country  we  came  from.  However 
they  live  on  them,  and  befides  they  have  Filli 
they  catch  in  the  Lake,  for  Flelh  is  very  fcarce 
among  them. 

On  the  4th  of  June^  there  arriv'd  four  Canoes, 
commanded  by  Monfieur  de Porneuf, coming  from 
Montreal^  and  brmging  News  from  the  Marques 
d'  Hennonvilley  and  Orders  to  fend  to  the  Set- 
tlements which  were  towards  the  Lake  des  Puans 
and  others  higher  up,  towards  the  Source  of 
the  River  Colbert^  to  know  the  Pofture  and 
Condition  of  Affairs.  We  prepar'd  to  be  gone 
with  the  two  Canoes.  Monfieur  Cavelier  bought 
another,  to  carry  our  Baggage,  and  left  Part 
of  his  Furs  with  a  Merchant,  who  gave  him  a 
Note  to  receive  Money  at  Montreal.  I  did  the 
fame  with  those  few  Furs  I  had,  the  reft  of  them 
having  been  left  at  Micili.  jquinay.  We 


N, 


I' 


U 


Mil 
•» 


■I 

A. 


.    '\ 


:i 


> 


i:S¥r*. 


1 


iv 


.  I 


1  •» 


'lit 


Mill 


I 


■  i ;  •         t 


m 


1 8  2  Monfieur  de  la  S  A  l  e  'j  Second  Voyage 


July  1 688 


Iflinois 
and  Hu- 
rons. 


French 
River. 


Nipicin- 
gue  Lake. 


Arrival  at 
Montreal. 


We  took  Leave  of  the  Jefuits^  aiid  let  out  in 
four  Canoes,  viz.  two  belonging  to  Monfieur  de 
Porneuf^  and  two  to  Monfieur  Cavelier^  one  of 
which  had  been  brought  from  Fort  LewiSy  and 
the  other  bought,  as  I  have  Just  now  faid,  we 
being  twenty  nine  of  us  in  tnofe  four  Canoes. 
We  row'd  on  till  the  24th,  when  Monfieur 
de  Porneuf  left  us  to  go  St.  Mary's  Fall,  to 
carry  tlie  Orders  given  him.  The  25th,  we  got 
out  of  the  Lake  of  the  IJJinoiSy  to  enter  that  of 
the  Hurons,  on  the  Banks  whereof  (lands  the 
Village,  call'd  Tejfalotiy  where  Monfieur  de  Por- 
neuf came  again  to  us,  with  a  Canoe  of 
the  Natives,  and  with  him  we  held  on  our 
Way. 

We  proceeded  to  Chebonany  the  30th  of  June^ 
and  the  3d  ot  July^  enter'd  the  French  River, 
where  we  were  forc'd  feveral  Times  to  carry 
our  Canoes  to  avoid  the  Falls  and  the  rapid 
Streams,  obferving  as  we  went  a  barren  and 
dry  Country,  full  of  Rocks,  on  which  there 
grew  Cedars  and  Fir  Trees,  which  take  Root 
in  the  Clefts  of  thofe  Rocks. 

The  5th,  we  enter'd  upon  the  little  Lake  of 
Nipicinguey  adjoining  to  a  Nation  of  that  Name. 
We  got  out  of  it  again  and  enter'd  upon  the 
great  River,  where,  after  having  pals'd  the 
great  Fall,  we  arriv'd  the  13  th,  at  the  Point  of 
the  Ifland  of  Montreal.  We  landed  at  a  Vil- 
lage call'd  la  Chiney  which  had  belong'd  to  the 
late  Monfr.  de  la  Sale.  Monfr.  Cavelier  fet  out 
the  14th,  for  Montr ealy  where  we  came  to  him 
the  17th. 

At  Montreal  we  found  the  Marques  df*  Hen- 
nonvilky  Monfieur  de  Noroy  the  Intendant  and 

other 


■■ 


oyage 

et  out  in 

)nrieur  de 

r,  one  of 

ewiSy  and 

faid,  we 

Canoes. 

VIonfieur 

Fall,  to 

K,  we  got 

r  that  of 

ands  the 

r  de  Por- 

"anoe   of 

I  on  our 

of  Juney 
:b  River, 

to  carry 
:he  rapid 
rren  and 
ch  there 
ike  Root 

Lake  of 
It  Name. 
jpon  the 
ifs'd    the 

Point  of 
at  a  Vil- 
d  to  the 
r  fet  out 
5  to  him 

5  d'  Hen- 
dant  and 
other 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


•83 


other  Gentlemen,  to  whom  we  gave  an  Account  ■^«';f-  '^88 
of  our  long  and  painful  Travels,  with  the  Par-  ^"^VN/ 
ticulars  or  what  we  had  feen,  which  they  lift- 
ned  to  with  Satisfaftion,  but  without  mention- 
ing Monfieur  de  la  Sale's  Death.  We  told  them 
the  Occafion  of  our  going  over  into  France^ 
and  they  approv'd  of  it,  bemg  of  Opinion  with 
us,  that  we  ought  to  haflen  our  Departure  as 
much  as  pofTible. 

We  made  us  fome  Cloaths,  whereof  we  flood 
in  Need.  The  Sieur  ^eijjier,  who  came  along 
with  us,  and  was  of  the  Reform'd  Religion, 
knowing  the  Exercife  of  it  was  forbid  in 
Francey  abjur'd  it  in  the  great  Church  of  Mon- 
treal. 

The  27th,  we  went  aboard  a  Bark  to  go  down  Arrival  at 
the  River  to  ^ehecy  where  we  arriv'd  the  29th,  Q"^"^<^« 
Father  Anajlafms  carry'd  us  to  the  Monaflery 
of  the  Fathers  of  his  Order,  feated  half  a 
League  from  the  Town,  on  a  little  River, 
where  we  were  mod  kindly  receiv'd  by  the  Fa- 
ther Guardian  and  the  other  Religious  Men, 
who  exprefs'd  much  Joy  to  fee  us,  and  we  dill 
more  for  being  in  a  Place  of  Safety,  after  fo 
many  Perils  and  Toils,  for  which  we  return'd 
our  humble  Thanks  to  Almighty  God,  our  Pro- 
testor. 

We  chofe  rather  to  take  up  our  Lodging 
there  than  in  the  Town,  to  avoid  the  Vifits 
and  troublefome  Queftions  every  one  would 
be  putting  to  us  with  much  Importunity,  which 
we  mufl  have  been  oblig'd  to  bear  patiently. 
Monfieur  Cavelier  and  his  Nephew,  whom  we 
had  left  at  Montrealy  arriv'd  fome  Days  after 
us,  and  were  lodg'd  in  the  Seminary. 


N 


We 


' 


I 


i^ 


U 


..u 


-vk 


1       » 


184 

Aufi.  1688 


Monfteur  de  la  Sale'/  Second  Voyage 

We  ftay'd  in  that  Monaftery  till  the  2 ill  of 
Aujiujly  when  we  imbark'd  on  a  large  Boat, 
eicnteen  Perfons  of  us,  to  go  down  the  River 
ofSt.  Laurence^  a  Board  a  Ship,  that  was  taking 
in  and  filliing  of  Cod.  We  went  a  Board  it  the 
30th  of  the  fame  Month,  and  after  hearing 
Mafs,  made  ready  and  fail'd  for  our  dear 
Country,  arriv'd  fafe  at  Rochelle  on  Saturday  the 
9th  of  Ottober  1688,  whence,  fetting  out  by 
Land,  the  i5Lh,  the  fame  Providence,  which 
had  protefted  and  conduded  us,  brought  us 
without  any  Misfortune  to  Roan^  the  7th  of  Oil 0- 
bery  the  fame  Year. 


The  End  of  the  ]0\JK'H AL. 


\    ♦ 


The  Remainder  of  the  LETTER,  written 
by  him  who  revised  this  J  o  u  R  n  a  l  , 
the  other  Part  whereof  is  at  the  Beginning 
of  ity  this  being  the  Sequel  to  the  faid 
Journal. 


Note, 
That  thefe 
have  writ 
of  thofe 
Parts,  but 
none  of 
this  par- 
ticular 
Voyage. 


1^  H  R  E  E  feveral  Authors  have  given  an 
Account  of  this  Voyage ;  /'Vr/?,  Father 
le  Clerky  upon  the  Relations  he  had  from  the 
Fathers  Zenobius  and  AnafJaftuSy  Recolets,  as 
he  was  himfelf  and  both  of  themEye-Witnefles: 
Secondly y  The  Chevalier  Tonty,  who  was  alfo  a 
Witnefs  to  a  confiderable  Part  of  thofe  Adven- 
tures :  And,  La/fly^   Father   Hennepiny  a  Flem- 

mingy 


Mi 


oyage 

\    2  I  ft   of 

re  Boat, 
le  River 

IS  taking 
rd  it  the 

hearing 
lur  dear 
\rday  the 

out  by 
e,  which 
light    us 


written 

R  N  A  L, 

:ghinmg 
he  faid 


[iven  an 

Father 

rom  the 

Diets,  as 

tnedes : 

I  alfo  a 

Adven- 

Flem- 

mingy 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

mingy  of  the  fame  Order  of  the  Recolets,  has 
done  it  more  largely,  he  feenis  to  he  well  ac- 
quainted with  the  Country,  and  had  a  great 
Share  in  thofe  Difcoveries  ;  but  the  Truth  of 
his  Relations  is  much  controverted.  It  was 
he  who  went  to  the  Northward,  and  towards 
the  Source  of  the  MiJ/ifipi,wW\c\\  he  calls  Mec/ia- 
ftpiy  and  who  printed,  at  PariSy  an  Account  of 
the  Country  about  the  River,  giving  it  the 
Name  of  Louijiana.  He  ought  to  have  llopp'd 
there,  and  not  to  have  gone,  as  he  did,  into 
Hollandy  to  fet  forth  another  Edition,  very 
much  enlarg'd,and  perhaps  not  fo  true,which  he 
dedicated  to  fVilliam  the  Third,  Prince  of 
Orange^  and  afterwards  King  of  Great  Bri- 
tain. An  Adion  for  a  Religious  Man  no  lefs 
ridiculous  than  extravagant,  not  to  give  it  a 
worfe  Name ;  for  after  many  great  and  te- 
dious Encomiums  givti  that  Proteftant  Prince, 
he  exhorts  and  coi  "^s  him  to  turn  his 
Thoughts  towards  thofe  vail  Countries,  as 
yet  unknown,  to  conquer  them  and  fend  Colo- 
nies thither,  to  make  known  to  thofe  Savage 
Nations  the  true  God  and  his  Worfliip,  and  to 
preach  the  Gofpel.  That  good  Religious  Man, 
whom  many  have  falfly  thought,  on  Account 
of  that  Extravagancy,  to  have  renounc'd  his 
Religion,  did  not  confider  what  he  faid,  and 
confequently  has  fcandaliz'd  the  Catholicks, 
and  furnifh'd  the  Hugonots  with  Matter  of 
Laughter;for  is  it  likely,that  they  being  Enemies 
to  the  Roman  Church,  would  employ  Recolets 
to  go  preach  up  Popery, a^  they  call  it  in  Canada? 
Or  would  they  introduce  any  other  Religion 
than  their  own  ?  Can  Father  Hennepin  be  ex- 
cufeable  in  this  Point  ? 

In 


185 


iln 


!     I 


.11 

i  .1 


"I 


/ 


^^fkO 


yr'  ^■'■' 


,k  \  ■ 


■'  I 


t       4 


^      i 


i86 


M.  de  la 
Sale's  Fort 
taken  by 
the  Spani- 
ards. 


M.  de  Hi- 
berville's 
Expedition 
fortheM\i- 
fifipi. 


Monjieur  de  la  S  A  l  e'j  Second  Voyage 

In  fine  it  appears,  by  all  that  has  been  writ 
by  thofe  feveral  Perfons  concerning  that  En- 
terprize,  that  the  Murder  committed  on  the 
Perfon  of  Monfieur  de  la  Sale  was  the  Occafion 
of  its  mifcarrying;  but  that  which  obflrufted 
the  making  of  fome  Provifion  in  that  Cafe  was, 
the  faid  Murders  being  conceal'd  for  the  Space 
of  two  Years,  and  that  the  Spaniards  of  Mexico 
having  been  inform'd  of  all  the  Affair,  fent 
Men,  who  carry'd  off  the  weak.  Garrifon  Mon- 
fieur de  la  Sale  had  left  in  the  Fort  built  by 
him,  near  the  Place  of  his  Landing,  before  he 
penetrated  into  the  Country,  to  find  out  the 
MiJJiJipi.  They  alfo  entirely  raz'd  that  Fort, 
fo  that  Seven  or  Eight  Years  elaps'd,  till  Mon- 
fieur de  Hibervilley  a  Gentleman  of  Canada^  and 
a  Perfon  of  Capacity  and  Courage,  famous  for 
his  notable  Exploits  in  Hudfon's  Bay  and  other 
Parts,  refolv'd  to  reaffume  and  revive  that  Pro- 
jed.  He  came  over  into  France  upon  that  De- 
fign,  and  made  an  Armament  about  the  Year 
1698,  fet  out  and  fail'd  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico. 
Being  an  able  Seaman,  he  fearch'd  along  the 
Coaft  fo  narrowly,  that  he  found  the  Mouth 
of  that  fatal  Mijfiftpi  and  built  a  Fort  on  it, 
leaving  Men  there,  with  z  good  Quantity  of 
Ainmunition  and  Provifions,  and  return'd  to 
FrancCy  intending  to  go  back  with  a  Reinforce- 
ment, as  he  did,  and  having  penetrated  far  into 
the  Country,  difcover'd  feveral  Savage  Nations, 
and  join'd  Friendlliip  and  Alliance  with  them, 
as  alfo  built  another  Fort,  which  he  left  well 
(tor'd  with  Men  and  Neceffaries,  return'd  into 
France ;  but  attempting  a  third  Voyage,  he  dy'd 
by  the  Way,  and  thus,  for  want  of  Relief  and 

Sup- 


& 


mmmm 


^Bmmm 


lyage 

sen   writ 
hat   En- 

on  the 
Occafion 
Dftrufted 
"afe  was, 
he  Space 
f  Mexico 
"air,  fent 
)n  Mon- 
built  by 
efore  he 
out  the 
at  Fort, 
11  Mon- 
ada^  and 
nous  for 
id  other 
hat  Pro- 
that  De- 
the  Year 
"  Mexico. 
ong  the 

Mouth 
rt  on  it, 
mtity  of 
irn'd  to 
einforce- 

far  into 
Nations, 
them, 
ft  well 
n'd  into 

he  dy'd 

lief  and 
Sup- 


into  NORTH     AMERICA. 


187 


h 
et 


Support,    that     noble     Enterprize     mifcarry'd 
again. 

But  God  has  now  provided  for  it,  and  it  is 
the  Concern  of  Heaven,  for  if  France  is  inte- 
refled   on    Account   of  the  Temporal   Advan- 
tages it  expeds,  the  Church  Ij  fo  in  like  Man- 
ner, for  the  Converfion  of  the  Indians  it  hopes 
will  follow.     Accordingly,  Providence  has  taken 
the   Affair  in    Hand,   having   rais'd  the   Man, 
who  is  the  fitted  to  revive  and  fupport  fo  im- 
portant  a    Project.     This    is  Monfieur  Crozaty 
Secretary    to    the    King,    a    Man    of    fingular 
Worth,    very    Intelligent,    Well-meaning,    and 
prodigioufly   Rich,  who  without  going  out  of 
his  Clofet,  has  been  the  Occafion  of  many  no- 
table Voyages  by  Sea,  and  all  of  them  fuccefs- 
ful.     To  him,  his  Majefty,  by  his  Letters  Pa- 
tent, bearing  Date  the  14th  of  Septemb.    1712. 
has  granted  the  fole  Power  to  trade  and  fettle  M.  Crozat 
Colonies    in    the    Countries    defcrib'd    in    this  "''^ '" 
Journal,  and  which    are    known   to   us  by  the  J" ^nj"' 
Name  of  Louiftana  and  the  River  MiJJiJipi,  from   Trade  in 
hence  forward  to  be  call'd  the  River  of  St.  Lewis.  Louifiana. 
The  Grant  is  made  to  him  for  15  Years,  under 
feveral  Conditions  mention'd  in  the  faid   Let- 
ters Patent,  which  have  been  made  publick. 

And  whereas  fuch  a  Grant  cannot  fubfift 
without  Blacks,  he  is  alfo  allow'd  to  fend  a 
Ship  to  Guinea  to  purchafe  them.  They  may 
perhaps  find  there  the  famous  Black  Aniaga^ 
Brother  to  a  King  of  Guinea,  whom  Captain 
Delbee  brought  over  into  France,  above  Thirty 
Years  ago.  The  King  was  pleas'd  to  have  him 
Educated,  Inftructed  and  Baptiz'd,  the  Dauphin 
being  his  Godfather ;  then  put  him  into  his 
Troop    of  Mufquetiers,    and    afterwards   made 

him 


tt^ 


r 


« 


I 


'-     \. 


.    fill 

m 


;     I 

!   1 


i88 


J  Black 
bred  in 
France 
turns  to  his 
Native  Cu- 
ftoms. 


Veracruz 
in  New 
Spain. 


Monfieur  de  la  Sale'j  Second  Voyage 

him  a  Captain  in  his  own  Regiment,  where  he 
ferv'd  Honourably.  Being  delirous  to  fee  his 
own  Country  again,  where  he  promis'd  to  pro- 
mote the  French  Trade,  and  the  fettling  of  Mif- 
fioners,  his  Majefty  loaded  him  with  Pre- 
fents,  and  order'd  a  Ship  to  carry  him  back  to 
Guinea ;  but  as  foon  as  he  was  there,  he  no  lon- 
ger remember'd  he  had  been  baptiz'd,  .\.id 
turn'd  again  as  perfedl  a  Black,  as  he  had  been 
before.  A  Friend  of  mine,  who  was  an  Officer 
aboard  a  Ship,  and  hapned  to  be  on  that  Coaft 
in  the  Year  1708,  had  two  or  three  Interviews 
with  that  Black,  who  came  aboard  him.  He 
was  a  great  Man  in  that  Country,  for  his  Bro- 
ther was  King.  He  exprefs'd  much  Gratitude 
for  the  Kindnefs  that  had  been  fhevn  him  in 
France^  and  was  extraordinary  Courteous,  and 
made  great  Offers  to  thofe  aboard  the  Ship,  and 
to  all  fuch  of  the  Nation  as  would  go  into 
Guinea. 

This  Navigation  to  Louifiana  will  farther  pro- 
cure us  a  free  Refort  to  the  two  famous  Ports 
of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico^  viz.  The  Havana  and 
Veracruz,  where  Strangers  did  not  ufe  to  be  ad- 
mitted, and  which  we  knew  only  by  their  Names 
and  their  Situation  in  our  Maps. 

The  latter  of  thofe  Towns  is  the  Port  of 
New  Spain,  at  the  Bottom  of  the  Bay  or  Gulf, 
in  18  Degrees  of  North  Latitude,  Seated  in  a 
Sandy  Plain,  encompafs'd  with  Mountains;  be- 
yond which  there  are  Woods  and  Meadows, 
well  Stock'd  with  Cattle  and  wild  Fowl.  The 
Air  is  very  Hot,  and  not  Healthy,  when  any 
Winds  blow,  except  the  North,  which  rifes 
commonly  once  in  Eight  or  Fifteen  Days,  and 
holds   for  the  Space  of  Twenty   Four  Hours, 

blowing 


^ 


aMRH 


fcn ..  immi  I... 


iPiilJLUIw.^<^«! 


■■iViVHI 


^oyage 

where  he 

0  fee  his 
i  to  pro- 
g  of  Mif- 
ith     Pre- 

back  to 
e  no  lon- 
z'd,  .'..id 
bad  been 
n  Officer 
hat  Coafl: 
iterviews 
im.  He 
his  Bro- 
jratitude 

1  him  in 
ous,  and 
Ihip,  and 

go   into 

her  pro- 
as Ports 
)ana  and 
o  be  ad- 
r  Names 

Port  of 
or  Gulf, 
:ed  in  a 
ins ;  be- 
eadows, 
1.  The 
len  any 
ch  rifes 
lys,  and 
Hours, 
blowine 


into    NORTH    AMERICA. 

blowing  fo  hard,  that  there  is  no  going  aftiore 
from  the  Ships,  and  then  the  Cold  is  very 
piercing.  When  the  Weather  is  clear  there 
plainly  appear,  on  the  Road  to  Mexico,  two 
Mountains  rifing  above  the  Clouds,  and  forty 
Leagues  diftant,  all  cover'd  with  Snow.  The 
Streets  of  Veracruz  are  ftreight  as  a  Line ;  the 
Houfes  are  handfome  and  regular;  the  For- 
tifications next  the  Land  inconfiderable,  but  the 
Front  of  the  Town  next  the  Sea  forms  a 
Semicircle,  with  a  little  Fort  at  each  End. 
Diredly  before  that  Front,  a  Quarter  of  a 
League  out  at  Sea,  there  Hands,  on  a  Spot 
of  Ground,  inacceffible,  by  Reafon  of  the 
Breaking  of  the  Sea,  a  ftrong  Citadel,  well 
built  and  furnilhed  with  all  NecefTaries,  a  good 
Garrifon  and  double  Batteries  of  two  hundred 
Pieces  of  brafs  Cannon.  Ships  cannot  anchor 
any  where,  but  between  that  Citadel  and  the 
Town;  befides  that,  it  requires  feveral  Pre- 
cautions, because  it  is  difficult  coming  to  an 
Anchor. 

Moll  of  the  Inhabitants  are  Mulaitoes,  that 
is  of  a  tawny  dark  Colour,  who  live  mofl  upon 
Chocolate  and  Sweetme  ^s,  extraordinary  fober, 
and  eating  little  Flelh.  The  Men  are  haughty,  the 
Women  keep  retired  above  Stairs,  not  to  be 
feen  by  Strangers,  and  .^Idom  going  abroad, 
and  then  in  Coaches  or  Chairs,  and  thofe  who 
cannot  reach  to  it,  cover'd  with  fine  filk  Veils, 
which  reach  from  the  Crown  of  their  Heads  to' 
their  Feet,  leaving  only  a  fmall  Opening  on 
the  Right  Side,  for  them  to  fee  their  Way. 
In  their  own  Apartments  they  wear  nothing 
but  a  Smock  and  a  filk  Petticoat,  with  gold  or 
filver  Laces,  without  any  Thing  on  their  Heads, 

and 


189 


I 


^^liismmmmm 


i     ? 


*      H 


1 90  Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e'j"  Second  Voyage 

and  their  Hair  platted  with  Ribbons,  a  gold 
Chain  about  their  Neck,  Bracelets  of  the  fame 
and  Pendants  of  Emeralds  in  their  Ears.  They 
could  well  enough  like  the  Behaviour  and  Com- 
pany of  the  French,  but  that  the  jealous  Tem- 
per of  the  Men  obftructs  them.  There  being  a 
Pi<5hire  of  Philip  King  of  Spain,  now  reigning, 
aboard  the  Ship  in  which  my  Friend  was,  who 
gave  me  this  Account,  the  People  fwarm'd  a- 
board  to  fee  it,  they  were  never  fatisfy'd  with 
gazing  at  it,  and  there  was  a  mod  magnificent 
Feftival  kept  in  the  Town,  on  Account  of  the 
Birth  of  the  Prince  of  AJJurias. 

They  underftand  Trade  very  well,  but  are 
floathful  and  averfe  to  Labour,  fond  of  State 
and  Eafe.  They  wear  great  Strings  of  Beads 
about  their  Necks,  their  Houfes  are  full  of  Pic- 
tures and  Images  of  Devotion,  decently 
furnifti'd  with  Purceline  and  China  Goods. 
The  Churches  are  magnificently  adorned 
with  Plate. 

All  Strangers  are  forbid  Trading  there,  yet 
fome  come  by  Stealth  and  deal  Underhand, 
by  Means  of  Prefents  made  to  fuch  Persons 
as  can  favour  them.  If  thofe  Mulattoes  call 
themfelves  white,  it  is  only  to  honour  themfelves 
and  by  Way  of  Diftinction  from  their  Slaves, 
who  are  all  Blacks,  and  having  got  much  Mony 
by  their  Labour,  ranfome  themfelves  and  fome- 
times  become  confiderable  Merchants. 

The  City  of  Mexico,  Capital  of  the  Country 

Mexico       a"d   the    Refidence  of  the  Vice-roy,  is  about 

City.  eighty    Leagues  diftant  from    Veracruz,  to  the 

Weftward,   the    Way    to   it    very    bad   and    ill 

furnifii'd     with      Provifions.      That     Country 

would    be  better  in  fome   Parts,  were  it  well 

cultivated 


ft 


\f 


w 


oyage 

)  a  gold 
:he  fame 
}.  They 
id  Com- 
as Tem- 
:  being  a 
reigning, 
vas,  who 
arm'd  a- 
"y'd  with 
gnificent 
it  of  the 

but  are 
of  State 
Df  Beads 
1  of  Pic- 
decently 

Goods, 
adorned 

lere,  yet 
derhand, 
Persons 
;oes  call 
jmfelves 
Slaves, 
Mony 
d  fome- 

Z^ountry 
1  about 

to  the 

and    ill 

I^ountry 

it  well 
Itivated 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 


191 


cultivated  by  the  Inhabitants.  They  fow  but 
little  of  our  Wheat,  and  are  fatisfied  with  Indian 
Corn  and  Cajfabi  Root,  whereof  they  make 
Cakes,  as  is  pradis'd  in  the  Iflands.  Their 
Trees  and  Fruits  are  the  fame  as  in  other  hot 
Countries.  About  the  Town  of  Veracruz^  there 
are  Bufhes  of  a  Sort  of  Thorn,  without  Leaves, 
among  which  grows  an  extraordinary  Plant ; 
for  tho'  it  has  but  a  fmall  Stem,  it  (hoots  out 
Leaves  of  a  Cabbage  Green,  as  thick  as  a  Man's 
Finger,  which  grow  out,  one  at  the  End  of  ano- 
ther, in  the  Shape  of  a  Racket  and  the  Plant 
itfelf  is  fo  call'd.  From  thofe  Leaves  there 
grows  out  a  Sort  of  red  Figs,  very  juicy,  with 
Seeds  like  thofe  of  the  Pomgranate;  the  Juice 
is  of  a  Violet  Colour,  but  unfavoury.  There 
is  a  Sort  of  Flies  that  cleave  to  it  and 
are  fo  fond  of  the  Tafle  of  the  Fruit,  that 
they  burfl:  and  drop  down  dead.  They  are 
carefully  gather'd  and  dry'd,  and  are  the  Scar- 
let Dye,  call'd  Cochinilla,  which  is  brought 
into  Europe^  and  makes  that  beautiful  Co- 
lour. The  Birds  and  Beafts  are  much  the  fame 
as  in  other  Countries  of  America,  There  is  a 
Sort  of  Bird,  all  red,  which  for  that  Reafon  is 
call'd  the  Cardinal-^  this  they  often  tame  and 
teach  to  fing  like  a  Canary  Bird.  This  is 
what  I  have  been  told  concerning  the  Town  of 
Veracruz. 

As  for  the  Havana^  a  Town  and  Port  no  Havana, 
lefs  famous,  in  the  Ifland  of  Cuba^  belonging  as 
well  as  the  other  to  the  Crown  of  Spain,  it  (lands 
towards  the  Weftern  End,  and  on  the  North 
Side  of  that  Ifland,  almoft  under  the  Tropick 
of  CanceryUnd  about  four  or  five  hundred  Leagues 
on  this  Side  of  Veracruz.   It  is  large  and  beauti- 

ful 


I 


4 


■fe 


il 


■  1 

1 

^     . 

V 

i 

:'A  r 

\  . 

■}.'■ 

^il 


t« 


It  '< 


■« .  i,:l 


f 


» y 


194  Monfteur  de  la  S  a  l  e*j  Second  Voyage 

ful ;  the  Port  good,  fecur'd  by  two  Forts  on 
the  two  Sides,  and  Brafs  Guns,  from  twenty 
four  to  thirty  fix  Pounders,  the  Entrance  fo  nar- 
•  row,  that  only  one  Veirel  can  go  in  at  once. 
The  Town  is  encompafs'd  by  a  good  Wall,  for- 
tify'd  with  five  Bailions,  furnilh'd  with  Cannon. 
The  Streets  are  all  as  flrait  as  a  Line,  and  level, 
the  Houfes  very  handfome,  but  ill  furnish'd.  In 
the  Midft  of  it  is  a  fine  Square,  the  Buildings 
about  all  uniform.  The  Churches  are  magnifi- 
cent, and  enrich'd  with  Gold  and  Silver,  Lamps, 
Candlefticks,  and  Ornaments  for  the  Altars. 
There  are  fome  Lamps  curioufly  wrought, 
which  weigh  two  hundred  Marks  of  Silver, 
each  Mark  being  half  a  Pound.  The  Reve- 
nue of  the  Bifiioprick  amounts  to  fifty  thou- 
fand  Crowns,  and  he  who  enjoy'd  it  in  the 
Year  1703,  as  I  was  inform'd  by  my  Friend, 
who  gave  me  this  Account  of  what  he  had  feen, 
was  the  greateH:  Ornament  of  that  City,  for  his 
Virtues  and  Charity,  being  fatisfy'd  with  Ne- 
cefTaries,  and  fpending  all  the  reft  upon  the 
Poor,  and  in  repairing  decay'd  Churches.  Tho' 
Strangers  are  prohibited  to  trade  there,  yet 
it  is  eafier  carried  on  than  at  Veracruz.  The  In- 
habitants are  more  familiar ;  the  Women  have 
more  Liberty,  yet  they  do  not  go  Abroad  with- 
out their  Veils  to  wrap  and  hide  them.  Many 
of  them  fpeak  French^  and  drefs  after  the  French 
Faftiion,  and  fome  of  our  Nation  have  fettled 
themfelves  there.  When  my  Friend  was  there, 
a  magnificent  Feftival  was  celebrated  for  fif- 
teen Days  fucceffively,  in  Honour  of  K.  Philip 
the  Fifth,  and  Moniieur  du  Cajfe  being  then 
there,  with  his  Squadron,  the  City  defir'd  him 
to  join  with  them.     To  that   Purpofe,  he  set 

aftiore 


•^'  *" '  '''"f**»^.'»^ 


rrgrm 


^1 


oyage 

Forts  on 
1   twenty 
ce  fo  nar- 
at  once. 
Vail,  for- 
Cannon. 
ind  level, 
ish'd.  In 
Buildings 
;  magnifi- 
•,  Lamps, 
e   Altars, 
wrought, 
)f  Silver, 
he  Reve- 
fty  thou- 
it   in  the 
^  Friend, 
had  feen, 
:y,  for  his 
with  Ne- 
upon   the 
es.    Tho' 
here,    yet 
The  In- 
en  have 
lad  with- 
Many 
e  French 
e  fettled 
as  there, 
for    fif- 
.  Philip 
ing  then 
r'd  him 
,  he  set 
alhore 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

iilhore  five  hundred  Men,  who  perform'd  the 
Martial  Exercife  in  the  great  Square,  which 
was  much  admir'd.  The  Havana  is  the  Place, 
where  the  Galeons  meet.  Provifions  are  dear 
there,  efpecially  Bread;  but  the  Wine  is  not, 
tho'  it  is  good.  Fifh  and  Flefli  there,  are  un- 
favory.     The  Inhabitants  are  Spaniards. 

We  have  thought  fit  to  defcribe  thofe  two 
famous  Ports  of  the  Bay  of  Mexico,  as  well  be- 
caufe  it  has  not  been  fo  exadly  done  before,  as 
in  Regard  that  the  Settlement  which  is  going 
to  be  made  in  Louifiana,  may  have  fome  De- 
pendance  on  them;  for  the  Havana  lying  in  the 
Way,  thofe  who  perform  the  Voyage  may  have 
the  Conveniency  of  taking  in  Refrefhments 
there,  of  putting  in  for  Shelter  in  foul  Wea- 
ther, and  of  careening  or  refitting.  As  for  the 
Feracruz,  tho'  farther  out  of  the  Way,  the 
Correfpondence  there  may  be  advantagious  for 
the  Securing  of  the  Colony  of  Loui/iana. 

But  how  can  that  fail  of  fucceeding,  under 
the  Condud  of  Monfieur  Crozat,  who  has  the 
Charge  of  that  Enterprise,  and  whom  Provi- 
dence feems  to  have  in  a  Manner  ingag'd  to  ad- 
vance in  Wealth  and  Honour,  to  the  Amaze- 
ment of  the  World,  and  yet  free  from  Envy, 
from  Jealoufy,  and  from  any  Sort  of  Complaints. 
There  is  therefore  no  Reafon  to  prefage  other- 
wife  than  well  of  the  Event  of  this  Affair;  the 
Bleffiings  God  has  pour'd  down  upon  all  his 
former  Undertakings,  feem  to  be  a  Security 
for  what  is  to  follow.  There  is  Reafon  to  hope 
for  Rill  greater  Blefiings  on  this  Projed  of  a 
Settlement  in  Louiftana,  as  being  equally  advan- 
tagious to  Religion  and  the  State;  foi  the  pro- 
pagating of  the  Knowledge  and  Service  of  God 

O  among 


'95 


\  > 


r 

! 

I 


rft; 


i\ 


If'/ 


w 


.i    ■' 


i 


' 


196  Monjteur  de  la  Sale*/  Second  Voyage 

among  an  infinite  Number  of  Savages,  by  Means 
of  the  Miffioners,  who  are  to  be  fent  to  and 
maintain'd  in  thofe  vaft  Countries;  the  Plant- 
ing of  the  Faith  in  that  new  World,  only  the 
Name  whereof  is  known  to  us,  and  the  Redu- 
cing of  it  to  be  a  Chriflian  and  a  French  Province, 
under  the  Dominion  of  our  Auguft  Monarch, 
and  to  the  eternal  Memory  of  his  Reign,  will 
be  the  Confequences  and  the  Fruits  of  Monfieur 
Crozat's  Care  and  Expence,  the  Glory  of  his 
Enterprise,  the  Security  of  the  large  Fortune 
he  has  made  in  this  Life,  and  what  is  rare  a- 
mong  fuch  rich  Men,  the  Earneft  of  much  bet- 
ter in  the  Next.  Heaven  grant  our  Hopes  and 
Wilhes  may  be  anfwer'd. 

/  aniy  &c. 


The  Letters  Patent  granted  by  the  King  of 
France  to  M.  Crozat. 


LOUIS,  by  the  Grace  of  God,  King  of 
France  and  Navarre:  To  all  who  iViall 
fee  thefe  prefent  Letters,  Greeting.  The 
Care  we  have  always  had  to  procure  the  Wel- 
fare and  Advantage  of  our  Subjeds  having  in- 
duced us,  notwithftanding  the  almofl:  continual 
Wars  which  we  have  been  obliged  to  fupport 
from  the  Beginning  of  our  Reign,  to  feek 
for  all  poffible  Opportunities  of  enlarging 
and  extending  the  Trade  of  our  American 
Colonies,  JVe  did  in  the  Tear  1683  give  our  orders 

to 


p 


oyage 

y  Means 
t  to  and 
le  Plant- 
only  the 
le  Redu- 
Province, 
Vlonarch, 
eign,  will 
Monfieur 
ry  of  his 
Fortune 
is  rare  a- 
nuch  bet- 
lopes  and 


King  of 


King   of 
who  lliall 
ig.      The 
the  Wel- 
laving  in- 
continual 
[o  fupport 
to    feek 
enlarging 
American 
our  orders 
to 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

to  undertake  a  Difcovery  of  the  Countries  and 
Lands  which  are  fttuated  in  the  Northern  Part  of 
America^  between  New  France  and  New  Mexi- 
co: And  the  Sieur  de  la  Sale,  to  whom  we 
committed  that  Enterprize,  having  had  Succefs 
enough  to  confirm  a  Belief  that  a  Communication 
might  be  fettled  from  New  France  to  the  Gulph 
of  Mexico  by  Means  of  large  Rivers;  This 
obliged  us  immediately  after  the  Peace  of  Ryfwick 
to  give  Orders  for  the  eflahlifhing  a  Colony  there^ 
and  maintaining  a  Garrifon  which  has  kept  and 
preferved  the  Pofleffion,  we  had  taken  in  the 
very  Tear  \6%2  of  the  Lands ^  Coafls  and  Iftands 
which  are  fituated  in  the  Gulph  of  Mexico^  between 
Carolina  on  the  EaJJ^  and  Old  and  New  Mexico  on 
the  fVefl.  But  a  new  War  having  broke  out 
in  Europe  fhortly  after,  there  was  no  Poffibility, 
till  now,  of  reaping  from  that  new  Colony 
the  Advantages  that  might  have  been  expedled 
from  thence,  becaufe  the  private  Men,  who 
are  concerned  in  the  Sea  Trade,  were  all  under 
Engagements  with  other  Colonies,  which  they 
have  been  obliged  to  follow:  And  whereas  upon 
the  Information  we  have  received  concerning 
the  Difpofition  and  Situation  of  the  faid  Coun- 
tries known  at  prefent  by  the  Name  of  the 
Province  of  Louifiana^  we  are  of  Opinion  that 
there  may  be  eftablilTied  therein  a  confiderable 
Commerce,  fo  much  the  more  advantageous  to 
our  Kingdom  in  that  there  has  hitherto  been  a 
Neceffity  of  fetching  from  Foreigners  the 
greatefl  Part  of  the  Commodities  which  may 
be  brought  from  thence,  and  becaufe  in  Ex- 
change thereof  we  need  carry  thither  nothing 
but  Commodities  of  the  Growth  and  Manu- 
fadlure  of  our  own  Kingdom ;   we  have  refolv- 

O  2  ed 


197 


'I 

'5 


!il 


. 


1 


'  I 


i 


w. 


I         'l> 


n 


.'i' 


.*  ik,|. 


!   H 


'    tl 


i 


198  Monfieur  de  la  S  a  l  E*i  Second  Voyage 

ed  to  grant  the  Commerce  of  the  Country  of 
Louijiana  to  the  Sieur  Authony  Crozat  our  Coun- 
cellor,  Secretary  of  the  Houfhold,  Crown  and 
Revenue,  to  whom  we  entruft  the  Execution 
of  this  Projedl.  We  are  the  more  readily 
inclined  hereunto,  becaufe  his  Zeal  and  the 
fingular  Knowledge  he  has  acquired  in  maritime 
Commerce,  encourage  us  to  hope  for  as  good 
Succefs  as  he  has  hitherto  had  in  the  divers  and 
fundry  Enterprizes  he  has  gone  upon,  and 
which  have  procured  to  our  Kingdom  great 
Quantities  of  Gold  and  Silver  in  fuch  Conjun- 
ilures  as  have  rendred  them  very  welcome  to 
us. 

FOR  THESE  REASONS  being  defirous  to 
fhew  our  Favour  to  him,  and  to  regulate  the 
Conditions  upon  which  we  mean  to  grant  him 
the  faid  Commerce,  after  having  deliberated 
this  Affair  in  our  Council,  Of  our  certain 
Knowledge,  full  Power  and  Royal  Authority, 
We  by  thefe  Prefents,  llgned  by  our  Hand, 
have  appointed  and  do  appoint  the  faid 
Hieur  Crozat  folely  to  carry  on  a  Trade  in  all  the 
Lands  poflefled  by  Us,  and  bounded  by  New 
Mexico,  and  by  the  Lands  of  the  Englifh  of 
Carolina,  all  the  Eftablijhment^  PortSy  Havens, 
Rivers,  and  principally  the  Port  and  Haven  of  the 
Ijle  Dauphine,  heretofore  called  Maflacre;  the 
River  of  St.  Lewis,  heretofore  called  Miffifipi,yrow 
the  Edge  of  the  Sea  as  far  as  the  Illinois;  to- 
gether with  the  River  of  St.  Philip,  heretofore  called 
the  MifTourys,  and  of  St.  Jerome,  heretofore  called 
Ovabache,  with  all  the  Countries,  Territories, 
Lakes  within  Land,  and  the  Rivers  which  fall  di- 
rectly or  indire£fly  into  that  Part  of  the  River  of 
St.  Lewis. 

THE 


\ 


HP 


'^oyage 

juntry  of 
lur  Coun- 
rown  and 
Execution 
e  readily 
and  the 
maritime 
•  as  good 
livers  and 
pon,  and 
iom  great 
1  Conjun- 
elcome  to 

iefirous  to 
gulate  the 
Trant  him 
leliberated 
jr   certain 
\uthority, 
ur  Hand, 
the    faid 
in  all  the 
by  New 
inglifli  of 
Havens^ 
wen  of  the 
acre ;    the 
ifipi,/row/ 
inois;   to- 
ofore  called 
of  ore  called 
territories, 
ch  fall  di- 
River  of 

THE 


into   NORTH    AMERICA. 

The  A  R  T  I  C  L  E  S. 

I.  Our  Pleafure  is,  that  all  the  aforefaid 
Lands,  Countries  Streams,  Rivers  and  I  Hands 
be  and  remain  romprifed  under  the  Name  of 
The  Government  of  Louifiana,  which  fhall  be 
dependant  upon  the  General  Government  of  New 
France,  to  which  it  is  fubordinate;  and  further, 
that  all  the  Lands  which  we  polfefs  from  the 
IJlinois  be  united,  fo  far  as  Occafion  requires, 
to  the  General  Government  of  New  France,  and 
become  Part  thereof,  referving  however  to 
Ourfelves  the  Liberty  of  enlarging  as  We  Ihall 
think  fit  the  Extent  of  the  Government  of  the 
faid  Country  of  Louifiana. 

IL  We  grant  to  the  faid  Sieur  Crozut  for 
Fifteen  fucceffive  Years,  to  be  reckon'd  from 
the  Day  of  InroUing  thefe  prefents,  a  Right 
and  Power  to  tranfport  all  Sorts  of  Goods  and 
Merchandize  from  France  into  the  faid  Country 
of  Louifiana,  and  to  traffick  thither  as  he 
(hall  think  fit.  We  forbid  all  and  every  Perfon 
and  Perfons,  Company  and  Companies  of  what 
Quality  or  Condition  foever,  and  under  any 
Pretence  whatever,  to  trade  thither,  under 
Penalty  of  Confifcation  of  Goods,  Ships,  and 
other  more  fevere  Puniihments,  as  Occafion 
Ihall  require;  for  this  Purpofe  we  order  our 
Governours  and  other  Officers  commanding  our 
Troops  in  the  faid  Country  forcibly  to  abet,  aid 
and  aflift  the  Diredors  and  Agents  of  the  faid 
Sieur  Crozat. 

in.  We  permit  him  to  fearch  for,  open  and 
dig  all  Sorts  of  Mines,  Veins  and  Minerals 
throughout  the  whole  Extent  of  the  faid  Coun- 
try of  Louifiana,  and  to  tranfport  the  Profits 
thereof  into  any  Port  of  France  during  the  faid 

O  3  Fif- 


199 


1; 

si' 


■'  r 


\\ 


•'*' 


-1»: 


(■"» 


Wi 


200  Monjieur  de  la  S  a  l  k'j-  Second  f^oyagc 

Fifteen  Years;  and  we  grant  in  Perpetuity  to 
him,  his  Heirs,  and  others  claiming  under  him 
or  them,  the  Property  of,  in  and  to  the  Mines, 
Veins  and  Minerals  which  he  fha'l  bring  to 
bear,  paying  us,  in  Lieu  of  all  Claim,  the  Fifth 
Part  of  the  Gold  and  Silver  which  the  faid 
KSieur  Crozat  Ihall  caufe  to  be  tranfported  to 
France  at  his  own  Charges  into  what  Port  he 
pleafes,  (of  which  Fifth  we  will  run  the  Rifque 
of  the  Sea  and  of  War,)  and  the  Tenth  Part 
of  what  Effeds  he  Ihall  draw  from  the  other 
Mines,  Veins  and  Minerals,  which  Tenth  he 
Ihall  transfer  and  convey  to  our  Magazines  in 
the  faid  Country  of  Loui/ttina. 

We  likewife  permit  him  to  fearch  for  precious 
Stones  and  Pearls,  paying  us  the  Fifth  Part 
in  the  fame  Manner  as  is  mention'd  for  the 
Gold  and  Silver. 

We  will  that  the  laid  Sieur  Crozat,  his  Heirs, 
or  thofe  claiming  under  him  or  them  the  perpe- 
tual Right,  ("hall  forfeit  the  Propriety  of  the 
faid  Mines,  Veins  and  Minerals,  if  they 
difcontinue  the  Work  du  ing  three  Years,  and 
that  in  fuch  Cafe  the  f;  i  Mines,  Veins  and 
Minerals  Ihall  be  fully  reuL  cd  to  ou-  Domaine, 
by  Virtue  of  this  prefent  /article,  without  the 
Formality  of  any  Procefs  of  Law,  but  only  an 
Ordinance  of  Re-union  from  the  Subdelegate 
of  the  Intendant  of  New  France,  who  fhall  be 
in  the  faid  Country,  nor  do  we  mean  that  the 
faid  Penalty  of  Forfeiture  in  Default  of  work- 
ing for  three  Years,  be  reputed  a  Comminatory 
Penalty. 

IV.  The  faid  Sieur  Crozat  may  vend  all  fuch 
Merchandize,  Goods,  Wares,  Commodities, 
Arms,  and  Ammunition  as  he  Ihall  have  caufed 

to 


Ml 


W4:\ 


mFm 


oyage 

letuity  to 
nder  him 
e  Mines, 
bring  to 
the  Fifth 

the  faid 
)orted    to 

Port  he 
le  Rifque 
:nth  Part 
the  other 
Fenth  he 
jazines  in 

•  precious 
ifth  Part 
1  for  the 

lis  Heirs, 
he  perpe- 
y   of  the 
if    they 
'ears,  and 
'^eins  and 
Domaine, 
hout  the 
:  only  an 
bdelegate 
fhall  be 
that  the 
of  work- 
minatory 

I  all  fuch 
modifies, 
v&  cau  fed 
to 


into   NORTH     AMERICA. 

to  be  tranfported  into  the  faid  Country  and 
Government  of  Louijtanay  as  well  to  the  French,  as 
Savages  who  are  or  Ihall  be  there  fetled; 
nor  Ihall  any  Perfon  or  Perfons  under  any 
Pretence  whatfoever  be  capable  of  doing  the 
like  without  his  Leave  exprelfed  in  Writing. 

V.  He  may  purchafe  in  the  faid  Country, 
all  Sorts  of  Purs,  Skins,  Leather,  Wool, 
and  other  Commodities  and  Effefts  of  the  faid 
Country,  and  tranfport  them  to  France  during 
the  faid  Fifteen  Years:  And  as  our  Intention 
is  to  favour,  as  much  as  we  can,  our  Inhabi- 
tants of  New  France,  and  to  hinder  the  Lef- 
fening  of  their  Trade,  we  forbid  him  Traffick- 
ing for  Caftor  in  the  faid  Country  under  any 
Pretence  whatfoever;  nor  to  Convey  any  from 
thence  into  our  Kingdom  or  Foreign  Countries. 

VI.  We  Grant  to  the  Sieur  Crozat,  his  Heirs  or 
thofe  claiming  under  him  or  them,  the  Property 
of,  in  and  to  all  Settlements  and  Manufadlories 
which  he  Ihall  eredl  or  fet  up  in  the  faid  Coun- 
try for  Silk,  Indigo,  Wooll,  Leather,  Mines, 
Veins  and  Minerals,  as  likewife  the  Property  of, 
in  and  to  the  Lands  which  he  (hall  caufe  to  be 
Cultivated,  with  the  Manfions,  Mills,  and 
Struftures  which  he  fhall  caufe  to  be  built  there- 
on, taking  Grants  thereof  from  Us,  which 
Grants  he  fhall  obtain  upon  the  Verbal  Procefs 
and  Opinion  of  our  Governor  and  of  the  Sub- 
delegate  of  the  Intendant  of  New  France  in  the 
faid  Country,  to  be  by  him   Reported  unto  Us. 

We  will  that  the  faid  Sieur  Crozat,  his  Heirs, 
or  thofe  claiming  under  him  or  them,  lliall  keep 
in  Repair  the  faid  Settlements,  Manufactures, 
Lands  and  Mills;  and  in  Default  thereof  during 
the   Space  of  three  Years,   he  and    they   (hall 


201 


M 


O 


Forfeit 


il 


^^^TTT 


'    -M 


,) 


(( 


M■^^ 


202  Mo?tJieur  Ac  \2i  SaleV  Second  Foy age 

Forfeit  the  fame,  and  the  faid  Settlements, 
Manufaftories,  Lands  and  Mills  fliall  be  Re- 
united to  our  Domaine  fully  and  amply,  and 
in  the  fame  Manner  as  is  mentioned  above  in 
the  Third  Article  concerning  the  Mines,  Veins 
and  Minerals. 

VII.  Our  Edidls,  Ordinances  and  Culloms, 
and  the  Ufages  of  the  Mayoralty  and  Shree- 
valty  of  Paris,  ihall  be  obferved  for  Laws  and 
Curtoms  in  the  faid  Country  of  Loui/tana. 

VIII.  The  faid  Sieur  Crozat  (hall  be  oblig'd  to 
fend  to  the  faid  Country  of  Louiftana  Two 
Ships  every  Year,  which  he  Ihall  caufe  to  fet  out 
in  the  proper  Seafon,  in  each  of  which  Ships  he 
ihall  caufe  to  be  imbark'd,  without  paying  any 
Freight,  25  Tun  of  Viduals,  EfFeds  and  necef- 
fary  Ammunition,  for  the  Maintenance  of  the 
Garrifon  and  Forts  of  the  Louiftana\  and  in 
Cafe  we  lliould  caufe  to  be  laden  above  the  faid 
25  Tun  in  each  Ship,  we  confent  to  pay  the 
Freight  to  the  faid  Sieur  Crozat,  at  the  common 
Merchantile  Rates. 

He  Ihall  be  oblig'd  to  convey  our  Officers  of 
l.ouijiana  in  the  Ships  which  he  Ihall  fend 
thither,  and  to  furnilli  them  with  Subfillance 
and  a  Captain's  Table  for  30  Sols  per  Day, 
which  we  will  caufe  to  be  paid  for  each. 

He  Ihall  likewife  give  Paflage  in  the  faid  Ships, 
to  the  Soldiers,  which  we  Ihall  pleafe  to  fend  to 
the  faid  Country;  and  we  will  caufe  the  ne- 
celFary  Provilions  for  their  Subfillance  to  be 
furnifh'd  to  him,  or  will  pay  him  for  them  at 
the  fame  Price  as  is  paid  to  the  Purveyor-Gene- 
ral of  our  Marine. 

He  Ihall  be  furthermore  oblig'd  to  fend  on 
Board  each  Ship,  which  he  Ihall  caufe  to  fet  out 

for 


w-t-  -j]L.-i]aiiiPiWHiH7>^p 


oyage 

tlements, 
be  Re- 
ply, and 
above  in 
es,  Veins 

Cudoms, 
d  Shree- 
.aws  and 
a. 

tblig'd  to 
na  Two 
o  fet  out 
Ships  he 
V'ing  any 
d  necef- 
e  of  the 
and  in 
the  faid 
pay  the 
ronimon 

ficers  of 
ill  fend 
bli  fiance 
er  Day, 

d  Ships, 
fend  to 
the  ne- 
i  to  he 
them  at 
r-Gene- 

fend  on 

fet  out 

for 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

for  the  faid  Country,  Ten  young  Men  or  Wo- 
men, at  his  own  Eledlion. 

IX.  We  will  caufe  to  be  deliver'd  out  of  our 
Magazines  to  the  faid  Sieur  Crozat,  loooo 
Weight  of  Gunpowder  every  Year,  which  he 
ihall  pay  us  for  at  the  Price  that  it  l"hall  coft 
us,  and  this  for  fo  long  Time  as  the  prefent 
Privilege  fhall  lalh 

X.  The  Wares  and  Merchandize  which  the 
faid  Sieur  Crozat  lliall  conhgn  to  the  aid  Coun- 
try oi  Louiftana  lliall  be  exempt  from  all  Duties 
of  Exportation,  laid  or  to  be  laid,  on  Condition, 
that  his  Directors,  Deputies  or  Clerks,  fhall  en- 
gage to  give  within  the  Space  of  a  Year,  to  be 
reckon'd  from  the  Date  thereof,  a  Certificate  of 
their  Uniadiu'j  in  the  faid  Country  of  Lou- 
ijmna\  under  Penalty,  in  Cafe  of  Contraven- 
tion, to  pay  the  Quadruple  of  the  Duties,  re- 
ferving  to  our  feives  the  Power  of  giving  him 
a  longer  Refpite  in  fuch  Cafes  and  Occurrences- 
as  we  fhall  think  proper. 

XI.  And  as  for  the  Goods  and  Merchandize, 
which  the  Sieur  Crozat  fhall  caufe  to  be  brought 
from  the  laid  Country  of  Louijiana,  and  up- 
on Sis  Account,  into  the  Ports  of  our  Kingdom, 
and  fliall  afterwards  caufe  to  be  tranfported 
into  Foreign  Countries,  they  fhall  pay  no  Du- 
ties either  of  Importation  or  Exportation,  and 
fliall  be  depofited  in  the  Cuflom-Houfe,  Ware- 
houfes  of  Ports  where  they  fhall  arrive,  until 
they  be  taken  away;  and  when  the  Deputies 
and  Clerks  of  the"  faid  Sieur  Crozat  Ihall  be 
minded  to  caufe  them  to  be  tranfported  in- 
Foreign  Countries,  either  by  Sea  or  Land, 
they  fVi all  be  oblig'd  to  give  Security  to  bring 
within  a  certain    Time,   a   Certificate  from   the 

lall 


20' 


M 


U 


ll 


\\     :i 


J 


,     (     ' 


204  Monjieur  dv»  la  Sale'j-  Second  Voyage 

laft  Office,  containing  what  they  Exported 
there,  and  another  Certificate  of  their  un- 
lading in  Foreign  Countries. 

XII.  In  Cafe  the  faid  Sieur  Crozat  be  obliged, 
for  the  furtherance  of  his  Commerce  to  fetch 
from  Foreign  Countries  fome  Goods  and  Mer- 
chandize of  Foreign  Manufadure,  in  order  to 
TRANSPORT  them  into  the  faid  Coun- 
try of  Louifiana.  He  fhall  make  Us  Ac- 
quainted therewith,  and  lay  before  Us  States 
thereof;  upon  which  we,  if  we  think  fit,  will 
Grant  him  our  Particular  Permiffion  with  Ex- 
emptions from  all  Duties  of  Importation  and 
Exportation,  Provided  the  faid  Goods  and 
Merchandize  be  Depofited  afterwards  in  our 
Cuftom-houfe  Ware-houfes  until  they  be  Laden 
in  the  Ships  of  the  faid  Sieur  Crozat,  who  (hall 
be  obliged  to  bring  in  one  Year,  to  be  reckoned 
from  the  Day  of  the  Date  hereof,  a  Certificate 
of  their  unlading  in  the  faid  Country  of 
Louijiana,  under  Penalty,  in  Cafe  of  Contra- 
vention, to  pay  quadruple  the  Duties:  Re- 
ferving  to  our  felves,  in  like  Manner,  the  Li- 
berty of  granting  to  the  faid  Sieur  Crozat,  a 
longer  Refpite,  if  it  be  necefTary. 

XIII.  The  Feluccaes,  Canoes,  and  other  Vef- 
fels  belonging  to  us,  and  which  are  in  the  faid 
Country  of  Louifiana,  fliall  ferve  for  loading,  un- 
loading and  tranfporting  the  Effeds  of  the  faid 
Sieur  Crozat,  who  Ihall  be  bound  to  keep  them 
in  good  Condition,  and  after  the  Expiration  of 
the  faid  Fifteen  Years  lliall  reftore  them,  or  a 
like  Number  of  equal  Bulk  and  Goodnefs,  to 
our  Governor  in  the  faid  Country. 

XIV.  If  for  the  Cultures  and  Plantations 
which  the  faid  Sieur  Crozat  is  minded  to  make 

he 


J 


^m^^^mmffmmn 


mm 


!l 


oyage 

Exported 
leir    un- 

:  obliged, 
to  fetch 
id  Mer- 
order  to 
d  Coun- 
Us  Ac- 
s   States 

fit,  will 
'ith  Ex- 
ion  and 
)ds    and 

in  our 
e  Laden 
^ho  (Tiall 
eckoned 
2rtificate 
ntry  of 
Contra- 
!s :  Re- 
the  Li- 
rozaty  a 

ler  Vef- 
the  faid 
ing,  un- 
til e  faid 
:p  them 
ation  of 
m,  or  a 
nefs,  to 

itations 

o  make 

he 


into    NORTH     AMERICA. 

he  finds  it  proper  to  have  Blacks  in  the  faid 
Country  of  the  Louiftana,  he  may  fend  a  Ship 
every  Year  to  trade  for  them  diredly  upon  the 
Coaft  of  Guinea,  taking  Permiffion  from  the 
Guinea  Company  fo  to  do,  he  may  fell  thofe 
Blacks,  to  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Colony  of 
Louifiana\  and  we  forbid  all  other  Companies 
and  Perfons  whatfoever,  under  any  Pretence 
whatfoever,  to  introduce  Blacks  or  Traffick 
for  them  in  the  faid  Country,  nor  fhall  the  faid 
Sieur  Crozat  carry  any  Blacks  elfe  where. 

XV.  He  fliall  not  fend  any  Ships  into  the 
faid  Country  of  Louiftana  but  diredly  from 
France,  and  he  fhall  Caufe  the  faid  Ships  to  Re- 
turn thither  again;  the  whole  under  Pain  of 
Confifcation  and  Forfieture  of  the  Prefent  Pri- 
viledge. 

XVI.  THE  faid  Sieur  Crozat  lliall  be  o- 
bliged,  after  the  Expiration  of  the  firlt  nine 
Years  of  this  Grant,  to  Pay  the  Officers  and 
the  Garrifon  which  (ball  be  in  the  faid  Country 
During  the  Six  laft  Years  of  the  Continuance 
of  this  Prefent  Priviledge:  The  faid  Sieur  Crozat 
may  in  that  Time  propofe  and  nominate  the 
Officers,  as  Vacancies  fhall  fall,  and  fuch  Of- 
ficers, fhall  be  Confirmed  by  us,  if  we  approve 
of  them. 

Given  at  FONTAINBLEAU  the  Fourteenth 
Day  of  September  in  the  Year  of  Grace  17 12. 
And  of  Our  Reign  the  70th. 

SIGNED    LOUIS 
By  the  K  I  N  G 

PHELIPEJUX,  tVc. 

Regilter'd  at    PARIS   in   the   Parliament,   the   Four 
and  Twentieth  of  September,   i  7 1  2. 


205 


\i\ 


I  i 


Sf. 


'r 


f 


li 


^ric^-wm 


.  4 


■'';  i 


THE 


INDEX. 


1 1 


AC(ificea\f,  Indian  Nation,  their 
Houfliold  Stuff,  Shape,  y^-. 
p.   155. 
Accidents  befallen  the  Recolets    72 
Account  given  by  an  Indian       92 
Adventure,  a  llrange  one  61 

Adultery  among   the    IJlinois,  not 
much  regarded  i  75 

Amiable,  Ship,  caft  away  36 

Alligator  eaten  i  2 

Alligators  64 

Apalachc  Bay  19 

Arrival  at  Fort  Lewis  168 

Art  of  Indians  to  kill    Goats  and 
wild  Fowl  136 

Afjonis,  Indian  Nation  153 

B. 
Banks  of  a   River  of  feveral   Co- 
lours 163 
Barbarity     towards     dead     Bodies 
100.    Of  Men  towards  Women 
and  of  Women  i  28 
Barhier  (the  Sieur)  marries         72 
Battle  fought  by  the  Cenis  109 
Beaujeu  (M.   de^   Commander  of 
the   Man  of  War,  forfakes 
de  la  Sale 
Beds  of  the  Cenis 
Belle  (la)  Bark  lolt  67.    How 

what  was  fav'd  of  her 
Black  bred  in  France 
Boafting  of  the  IJlinois 


M. 

44 
109 

and 

69 

188 

•73 


of    it 


m 


.18.  55 

among 

108 

23 


ftead 


54 
of 

83 


Boat  loft 

Building,     Manner 
the  Cenis 

Bullocks  found  alhore 

Bulloch  (  River  of) 

Buskins   of  raw   Hides 
Shoes 

C. 

Cadodaquio  River 

Cahaynehora,  Indian  Nation 

Calumet,  or  Pipe 

Canoe  portable 

Canoes  (River  of) 

Cappa  Village 

Care  of  the  Dead  among  the 
nois 

Carpenter  loft 

Cavetier  (Monfr.)  with  his  Com- 
pany, parts  from  the  Murder- 
ers 131.  Comes  to  a  French  Ha- 
bitation 152 

Cayman  Iftand  1 1 

Cenis  River  103 

Cenis,  their  Country  defcrib'd  104 
They  meet  the  French  in  fo- 
lemn  Manner  106.  An  Enter- 
tainment given  by  them  107 
Their  Moveables  109.  Disfi- 
gure thcnifelves  1  10.  Their 
Manners,  Religion,  and  Cere- 
monies I  I  2.  Battle  fought  by 
them  127 

Cere- 


142 

148 

146 

88 

96 

•59 

ip. 

175 
52 


TlfSf^ 


wmm^mmmsm 


fi^mmi^'mmm 


INDEX. 


li 


g  the 


.18.  55 

it     among 

108 

23 

54 

in  (lead   of 

83 

142 

ition      148 

146 

88 

96 

159 

IJli- 

'75 

52 

his  Com- 

z  Murder- 
^reiich  Ha- 

152 
1 1 

103 
crib'd  104 
ich  in  fo- 
An  Enter- 
:hem  107 
9.  Disfi- 
3.  Their 
nd  Cere- 
fbught  by 

127 
Cere- 


Controverfy  about  Privilege 
Confpiracy  difcover'd    50. 
ther   to   murder   M. 


Ceremony    of    the     Calumet,    or 

Pipe  146,  155.  Of  rejoicing  129 

.,/-"    At  the  Reception  of  the  French 

137.      Other   Ceremonies    159 

Of  drefling  a  Bullock  162 

Children  of  the //7/'/w/V  173 

Choumans,   Indians  92 

Climate  of  the   Bay   of  St.  Lewis 

66 

n 

Ano- 
de  la  Sale 

97 
Copal  Tree  103 

Corrientes  Cape  13 

Country     where     they       landed. 

Account  of  it  29.      A  fine  one 

Crofs  by  a  River  i  5 1 

Crozat  (M.  de)  only  to  plant  Co- 
lonies in  Louifiana  187 
Cruel  Trophies  128 
Currents  17 
Cullom  of  Indian  Women         1 43 

D. 

Dangerous  Fruit  64 

Dead,  Indian  Ceremony  to  them 
1 40.  Care  of  them  among  the 
Ijlinois  1 74 

Difference  between  the  Com- 
manders 4,  26,  44 
Difcontents  occafion'd  by  M.  Mo- 
range  t  97 
Difcoveries  made  74 
Doleful  Entertainment                141 
Ducking  of  Seamen  5 
Duhaut  returns  from  M.  de  la  Sale 
59.      Endeavours   to  occafion  a 
Mutiny  73.     Confpires  to  mur- 
der M.  de  la  Sale  98.    Murders 
him  99.     Ufurps  the  Command 
102.   Is  kill'd  by  Heins         123 
Dwelling  of  French                   151 


E. 


Encounter  with  Natives 
Entertainment     of    the 

'34. 
F. 

Falls  of  a  River 

Fa  ft  of  Indians 

Fatigue  of  the  Men 

Figure    of  a    pretended 


7« 

Indians 
138,   160 

169 

163 

52 
Monfter 
164 

4 
47 
62 

S 

The 


Finifterre  Cape 

Fi{h,  Plenty  of  it  taken 

Fifti  at  the  Bay  of  St.  Lewis 

Flying  Fi(h 

Fort  built  45.     Another  49. 

firft  abandon'd  5 1 .    The  Porture 
of  the  Second  51.    All  refort  to  it 

S3 
French  Men,  fix  kill'd  by  the  In- 
dians 59.  Seven  loft  and  four 
defert  74.  Two  kill'd  76. 
Three  that  had  been  loft  heard 
ot  94.  One  among  the  Indians 
107.  Entertain' d  by  the  Na- 
tives 1 1 5.  Some  turn'd  Sa- 
vage 117,  119.  Six  go  to  the 
Wars  with  the  Natives  125 
Some  ftay  with  the  Indians  i  3  2 
Only  feven  fet  out  for  Canada 
ibid.  Carry'd  on  the  Backs  of 
Indians  \  3  7 

French  River  182 

G. 

Game  of  the  Stick  i  75 

Goats    and      Bullocks     found     a- 

fliore  23 

Gros  (Monfr.  le)  dies,  and  others 

H. 

Habit  of  Indians  1 43 

Havana  \ g j 

Hebahamo  Indians  84 

Hiberville'i     Expedition  to     the 

Uffilipi  1 86 

Hitm 


.J 


I 


1! 


m:::riiimm 


,-<•;"! 


\Jvi. 


'.    I 


INDEX. 


V« 


J 


')     ft 


l'< 


Hiens    kills   Duhaut    123.      Seizes 

the    EfFefts  and  gives  what  he 

pleafes  to  the  reft  131 

Hifpaniola  Ifland  6 

Holy  Gboft  Bay  19 

Horfe   purchas'd    of    the    Indians 

91.     One  fold  for  an  Ax      1 16 

Houabache  River  163 

Houfe     built     after     the     French 

Manner    151.     Defcription    of 

'54 

58 
I,  182 

Fami- 

108 


It 
Hunter  dies  with  Cold 
Hurons  Nation         1 80,  1 8 
Huts    containing     feveral 

lies 


I. 

Janiquo,  Indian  Nation 
Indian    Ceremony    of 


the 


Indian   dies    of    eating    raw 


aboard 


l+i 
Dead 
140 
Suet 
165 
Pre- 
22. 


Indians    come 

fented  and  fent  afliore 
Friendly  Behaviour  of  fome  34. 
Their  Camp  35.  Their  Enter- 
tainment 36.  Affront  given 
them  41.  Their  Revenge  42. 
Come  to  the  Fort  48.  Kill  fix 
of  the  French  59.  Some  en- 
tertain'd  by  M,  de  la  Sale  80 
One  clad  like  a  Spaniard  105 
Expeft  Prefents  148.  Some 
met  with  Axes  148 

Inhumanity  128 

Inftrument  for  Tillage  among 
the  Cents  109 

Intrenching  with  Trees  81 

Joutel  {Monh.)  the  Perfon  that 
vvrites  this  Journal  i.  Believes 
they  were  at  the  Mouth  of  the 
Miffifipi  and  llip'd  it  18.  Com- 
mands a  Company  30.  Is  fav'd 
from     being     murder'd     by     a 


Friend  102.  Sent  to  the  Cents 
for  Provifions  104.  Meets  a 
French  Man  among  the  Indians 
1 1 7.  Has  an  Indian  Maid  of- 
fer'd  him  for  a  Wife  118.  He 
and  others  refolve  to  part  from 
the  Murderers  1 20.  Part  from 
them  131.  Profecute  the  Jour- 
ney 149.  Comes  to  a  French 
Habitation  152.  Continues  his 
Journey  157.  Arrives  at  Fort 
Lewis  167.  Sets  out  for  Cana- 
da, and  returns  again  1 70 
IJlinois  River  165 
IJlinois  People  met  with  166 
Their  Manners  and  Cuftoms, 
Women,  Children,  Thieving, 
Boafting  173.  Care  of  the 
Dead  174.  Game  of  the  Stick, 
Marriages,  Adultery  175.  More 


of  them 


K. 


Ketch  taken  by  the  Spaniards 
Kind  Indians 

L. 
Landing,   the    firft    J  8. 
cond  24.      The  third 
Latifniers,  Palm  Trees 
Lewis    (Fort)    among   the 


182 


52 


Fhe 


ie- 
28 

14 

IJlinois 

.67 
171 
171 
Bay 
62 


161 


Defcription  of  it  and  Country 
Lime,  and  Clay  for  Bricks 
Living    Creatures   about    the 
of  St.  Lewis 

M. 
Machigamea  River 
Madera  Ifland  4 

Maligne  River  60,  87 

Manners  and  Cuftoms  of  the   Ijli- 

•73 

;/<•)  drown'd    139 

140 

•75 
Mea- 


dow 


Mark  {^Monfr 
His  Funeral 
Marriages  of  the  IJlinois 


■1^ 


mm 


mmm 


i  ■ 


INDEX. 


to  the  Cenis 

Meets  a 

;  the  Indians 

an  Maid  of- 

:  n  8.     He 

o  part  from 

Part  from 

ite  the  Jour- 

:o  a  French 

'ontinucs  his 

ives  at  Fort 

It  for  Cana- 

i  170 

165 

with     166 
d    Cuftoms, 

Thieving, 
ire  of  the 
)f  the  Stick, 

175.  More 
182 

niards      i  o 
152 

The    fe- 
i  28 

'4 

the   IJlinois 

167 
juntry  171 
rks  171 
:    the    Bay 

62 

16! 

4 
60,  87 

f  the  IJ]i- 


ivn'd 


139 

140 

'75 
Mea- 


Meadows  very  fine  136 

Memory  of  Men   kill'd,  bewail'd 

127 
Men  fent  to  difcover  by  Land    3 1 
Six  kill'd  by  the  Natives        19 
Mexico  City  190 

Mines  172 

Mifchief  prevented  124 

Mijftfipi  River,  the  Mouth  of  it 
pafs'd  by  27 

Found  at  laft  158 

Miffouris  River  164 

Montreal,  arrival  there  182 

Moranget  (Monfr.)  Nephew  to 
Monfr.  de  la  Sale  30,  Wounded 
by  the  Natives  43.  Gives  an 
Account  of  what  he  faw  among 
the  Indians,  he  was  fent  to  92 
Difcontents  occafion'd  by  him 
97.      Is  murder' d  98 

Moveables  of  the  Cenis  109 

Murders  committed  by  fome  Vil- 
lains g8 
Murderers  return  to  the  Camp 
loi.  Refolve  to  return  to  the 
Fort  of  St.  Lewis  i  20.  Their 
Defign  121.  Change  their 
Mind  122.      Differ  in   Opinion 

N. 

Nahordikhe  Indians  133 

Nation,  what  is  meant  by  it      114 

Nutions  of  Indians  90,  114,  140 
O. 

Oflicers  attending  an  Indian 
Chief  158 

Oris,  and  Depges  (the  Sieurs) 
kill'd  by  the  Natives  42 

Outahouaes  Nation  180 

P. 

Perfons  that  went  with  M.  de  la 
Sale  2.  Left  in  the  Settlement 
when  M.  de  la  Sale  departed 
71.  Thofe  that  fet  out  with 
him  96 


Pines  Ifland  1 1,  12 

Plants  at  the  Bay  of  St.  Lewis  65 
Port  de  Paix  10 

Poutouatanni  Nation  1 80 

Prefents  made  by  Indians  145 

To  the  Dead  1 74 

Produft    of  the    Country    of    the 

Acanceas  154.     Of  the  Country 


about  Fort  Lewis 
Provifioiis  hid,  fpoilt 

Quinetonan  River 
Quebec,  Arrival  there 

R. 
Rats 
Ratde  Snake  bites  M.  le  Gros 


Indians 


HS- 


172 
96 

181 
•83 

87 

47 
67 

At 
168 

32 

2 

3 


57 

"3 

•3 


Reception    of 
Fort  Lewis 

River,  a  fine  one 

Rochelle,  Departure  thence 

Rochfort,  Return  thither 
S. 

Sabloniere  River 

Sagamite,  Hafty  Pudding 

St.  Antony  Cape 

St.  Lewis' %  Bay  57.  Defcription 
of  the  Country  62 

Sale  (M.  de  la)  his  Reputation  i 
His  Miftake  20.  Much  wrong'd 
44.  Goes  to  difcover  up  a  Ri- 
ver 45.  Returns  and  fets  out 
again  46.  Goes  again  to  dif- 
cover 57.  Returns  to  the  Fort 
67.  Sets  out  upon  another  Ex- 
pedition 68.  His  Difcoveries 
and  Return  74.  Refolves  upon 
a  third  Expedition  75.  Well 
receiv'd  by  the  Natives  89. 
Confpiracy  to  murder  him  97. 
Goes  to  feek  his  Men  and  is 
murder* d  by  Duhaut  99.  His 
Charafter  1 00 

Salt 


I 


\  ' 


I 
il 


^ 


.■mi^'^f^ 


!"iv,f  I 


1 1 


)''n 


4 


INDEX. 


Salt  found  in  Pits  48 

Salutation,  an  odd  one  39 

Samtina  Cape  7 
Settlement,  vide  Fort 

Ships  that   went   with  Monfr.    de 

la  Sitle  2 

Sombrero  Ifland  7 

Spaniards,  Indians  give  an  Account 

of  them  92.      Take   Monfr.  de 


la  Sale's  Fort 

186 

Spanijb  Veflel  feen 
Speeches     made     to     the 

Spring  of  Salt  Water 
T. 

46 
French 

•38 
'63 

Tabacco 

'•3 

Thieving  of  the  IJlinois 

^n 

Tillage  among  the  Ccnis 

To),::'ngua  Village 

Tonti   (Monfr.)    Millake 

109 

in    his 

Account  of  this  Voyage 
Comes  to  Fort  Lezvis 

'4 
176 

Torima  Village 
Tortuga  I  (land 
Tortoil'es 

'57 
8 

63 

Trade  Wind 

5 

Travel  continu'd 

178 

Travellers,  how  they  liv'd         176 


»5 
63 

188 

82 
89 

176 
'79 


Trees  about  St.  Lewis'i  Bav       64 

V. 
Variation 

Venomous  Creatures 
yeracrux  in  new  Spain 
Village  abandon'd  by  Indians 

Inhabited  86.     Another 
W. 
War  with  the  Iroquois 
Water  from  a  Tree  fweet 
Way  from  St.  Lewis' f,  Bay  to  find 

the  Mijfifipi  78 

Ways  very  bad  I  33 

Wild   Fowl   plentiful    28,  29,  82, 

•44 
Wild  Fruit  164 

Wild  Swine  12 

Wolves,    how    thev    catch    Goats 

180 
Women  low  among  the  Cents  82 
Defcription  of  them  Ih.  Do  the 
Work  at  Home,  their  Behavi- 
our and  Habit  iii.  CuHom 
of  fomc  143.  Their  Orna- 
ments 143.  Do  all  Labour  a- 
mong  the  Illinois  173 

Woods  verv  thick  82 


■:   »1  I  II      V 


FINIS. 


.^IV 


IfcT* 


m 


wmn 


Bay       64 


n 

Indiam 

Jther 


»5 

63 

188 

82 

89 


eet 
Bav 


176 

•79 
to  find 

78 

'33 
28,  29,  82, 

144 

164 

12 

:atch  Goats 
180 
e  Cenis  82 
lb.  Do  the 
leir  Bchavi- 
I.  Cufloni 
heir  Orna- 
I   Labour  a- 

'73 
82 


TEXTUAL    NOTES. 


In  the  following  notes  references  are  made  to  page 
and  line  of  the  Text ;   the  line  referred  to  being  in 
every  case  the  one  upon  which  the  first  words  of  the 
quotation  appear.      After  the  words  of  the  English 
text  are  placed  those  of  the  original  French;  then,  if 
necessary,  a  correct  translation;   finally,  in  brackets, 
any  explanations  that  may  seem  necessary. 
The  collation  of  the  original  is  as  follows  • 
JOURNAL  HISTORIQUE  du  dernier  voyage 
que  feu  M.  de  la  Sale  fit  dans  le  Golfe  de  Mexique 
pour  trouver  I'embouchure,  &  le  cours  de  la  Riviere 
de  Missicipi,  nomm^e  k  present  la  Riviere  de  Saint 
Louis,  qui  traverse  la  LOUISANE. 

Ou  ron  voitTHistoire  tragique  de  sa  mort,  e^  plu- 
steurs  chases  curieuses  du  muveau  monde.  Par  Mon- 
sieur JOUTEL,  run  des  Compagnons  de  ce  Voyage, 
redige  &>  mis  en  ordre  par  Monsieur  DE  MICHEL. 

A  PARIS, 
Chez  Es'i  lENNE  RoBiNOT,  Libraire,  Quay  &  attenant 
la  Porte  des  Grands  Augustins,  a  I'Ange  Gardien. 
MDCCXIII. 
Avec  Approbation  ^  Privilege  du  Roy. 


Le  Libraire  au  Lecteur  [running  headline: 

Au  Lecteur]  pp.  ill.  to  xxxi. 
Approbation,  p.  xxxi. 
Privilege  du  Roy,  pp.  xxxii.  to  xxxiv. 


Avis 


an 


n 


hi 


,m. 


':,»    'i 


112        TEXTUAL    NOTES. 

Fautes  a  Corriger  avant  que  de  lire,  p.  xxxiv. 

Map,  facing  p.  i, 

PREFACE  Du  Sieur  de  Michel,  qui  a  mis  en  ordre 

ce  Journal,  pp.  i  to  lo. 
JOURNAL  HISTORIQUE, 
Du  dernier  Voyage  que  feu  M.  de  la  Sale  a  fait  dans 

r Amerique  Septentrionale,  pmr  la  dicouverte  de  la 

Riviere  de  Missicipi,  pp.  1 1  to  362. 
Reste  de  la  Lettre  de  celuy  qui  a  revU  a  Journal,  6^  qui 

en  fait  la  suite,  pp.  363  to  381. 
TABLE  De  ce  qu'il  y  a  de  plus  remarquable  en  ce 

Journal,  pp.  382  to  386. 


i  -» 


The  French  Bookseller  to  the  Reader. 

N.  B. — None  of  the  marginal  notes  of  this  Introduction 
are  in  the  original,  save  the  very  last. 

Page  iv,  line  5.    "  Snapsack."   French,  "  paquet  "   [cf. 

p.  60,  1.  25.] 
P.  V.  1.  13.     "There  are  Vines  which  want  but  little 

Improvement."    Fr.    "  On  y  trouve  de  la  vigne 

a  qui  il  ne  manque  qu'un  peu  de  culture; " — but 

a  little  cultivation. 

1.   17.      "Alligators,  bit     .     .     .     ."     Fr. 

"  crocodiles,  prodigieux  lizards  d'eau ;  mais     .     . " 

— enormous  water  lizards  [omitted]. 

1.21.     "hurt."     />•."  hurte  "—strike. 
P.  vi.  1.  16.     "a  Pot  or  Kettle."     Fr.  "chaudiere." 

1.  20.     "do    not   value   Wealth."     Fr.    "ne 

faire  cas  d'  aucune  sorte  de  richesse;" — value  no 

kind  of  wealth. 
P.  vii.  1.  20.     "  the  Mysteries  of  Christian  Religion." 

Fr.    "  nos  Mysteres  " — our  Mysteries. 
P.  viii.  1.  16.     "and  we  look  upon  those  Savages  as 

Men,  who     .     .     .     .  "     Fr.  "  Et  peut-on  croire 

aussi  qu'un   Sauvage   le  soit  [scil.  un  homme], 


■\t 


^^m 


mmm 


/. 

is  en  ordre 

1  fait  dans 
uverte  de  la 

nal,  &'  qui 

able  en  ce 


[ntroduction 

quet"   [cf. 

t  but  little 
le  la  vi^ne 
ire; " — but 

.     . "     Fr. 

lais     .     ." 

rike. 
ludiere." 

Fr.    "ne 
— value  no 

Religion." 

Savages  as 

i-on  croire 

homme], 


TEXTUAL    NOTES.       213 

quand  on  le  voit  sans  Loy,  sans  Roy,  &  ce  qui 
est  le  plus  deplorable,  sans  Dieu."— And  can  one 
deem  a  savage  such  [/.  e.  a  man],  when  he  is  seen 
to  be  without  law,  without  a  king,  and,  most  de. 
plorable  of  all,  without  a  God? 

P.  X.  1.  8.     "civiliz'd."   Fr.  "humanisez;"— human- 
ized. 

P.  .xi.  1.  14.  '<o  the  depth  of  the  Riches  .... 
Ways  past  finding  out !  "  [Though  the  translator 
habitually  cuts  across  many  phrases  and  clauses 
of  the  original,  he  here  piously  inserts  the  entire 
Scriptural  quotation,  which  the  French  writer 
merely  suggests  by  the  words  "d  Alfitudo."] 

P.  xi.  1.  23.  "This  all  Christians  are  oblig'd  inces- 
santly to  pray  for."  Fr.  "Tout  Catholique  Ten 
doit  prier  avec  instance;"— For  this  every  Cath- 
olic is  in  duty  bound  to  pray  urgently. 

P.  xiii.  1.  T2.  "ascertain  those  Mistakes."  />.  "per- 
fectionner  ces  ^bauches."  -Perfect  those  sketches 
I  /.  e.  maps,  etc.]. 

1.  19-  "lelus  applaud  their  Actions  when 
we  read  them,  and  'e.  ub  commend  their  Rela- 
tions."—i^/.  "applaudissons  a  leurs  entreprises 
en  lisant  &  loiiant  leurs  Relations"— let  us  ap- 
plaud their  undertakings  by  reading  and  praising 
their  narratives. 

P.  xiv.  1.  14.  "such  as  are  not  us'd  to  read  many 
Travels."  Fr.  "  ceux  qui  n'ont  pas  la  pratique 
des  grands  voyages."— Such  as  have  not  consider- 
able experience  in  traveling. 

P.  XV.  1.  5.  "iP^rt//."  />.  "Roiien"  [so  throughout 
the  book]. 

P.  -wi.  1.  4.     "  Wood-Men."    Fr.  "Coureurs  de  bois." 

P.  xvii.  11.  3  and  ii.  "well  enough  learn'd  "  "well 
enough  vers'd."  Fr.  "assez  lettre,"  "assez  bien 
verse."     [The  translator  of  the  phrase  is,  indeed, 


t 


% 


h 


'^■'■■f«: 


^ 


y 


'  I 


.') 


*i 


214       TEXTUAL    NOTES. 

"well  enough,"  and  is  quoted  here  only  because 
it  suggests  the  remark  that,  later  on,  the  French 
adverb  assfz  is  frequently  rendered  by  such  words 
as  indifferetitf  extraordinary^ 

P.  xxi.  1.  8.  "sixty  Leagues.''  Fr.  "plus  de  six  cens 
lieufis  vers  sa  source" — niore  than  six  hundred 
leagues  toward  its  source.  [This  is  perhaps  the 
most  considerable  of  the  translator's  slips,  though 
there  are  many  minor  errors  in  the  transference 
of  figures.] 

P.  I.  Title  of  unpaged  preface.  "Mitchel."  Fr. 
"  Michel." 

P.  2,  1.  a.  "  the  remaining  Part  of  the  World."  Fr. 
"les  restes  du  nouveau  Monde." — The  rest  of  the 
New  World.  Of  course,  the  "  Advertisement,  to 
the  British  Gentry"  at  the  end  of  this  Preface,  is 
not  in  the  original. 

The  Journal 

P.  2,  1.  9.  "  the  one  Brother,  the  other  Nephew  to 
.  .  .  .  "  Fr.  "  I'un  frere  &  les  autres  neveux 
de  .  .  .  " — the  one  a  brother  of  M.  de  La 
Salle,  the  others  his  nephews.  [There  were  two 
nephews,  both  apparently  named  Cavelier, — the 
name  of  La  Salle's  family;  although,  except  in 
this  passage  and  one  or  two  others,  the  elder 
nephew  is  called  M.  Moranget.  Cf.  p.  41,  1.  1 1; 
p.  68,  1.  11;  and  p.  131,  1.  13.] 

P.  3,  1.  II.  "thirty  tuns  of  Ammunition,  and  some 
Commodities  design'd  for  Santo  Domingo."  Fr. 
"  30  tonneaux  de  Munitions  ou  Marchandises,  qui 
estoit  fret^e  pour  S.  Domingue" — thirty  casks  of 
munitions  or  commodities,  which  were  intended 
for  Santo  Domingo. 

P.  4,  1.  20.  "eight  or  ten  Days."  Fr.  "sept  ou  huit 
jours  " — seven  or  eight  days. 


^IPW^P 


w 


Fr. 


TEXTUAL    NOTES 


215 

Fr. 


P.  5,  I.  4.     "  laid  the  foundation  of    ...    . 

"furent  les  secrettes  semences,  qui  .  .  .  " — 
were  the  hidden  seeds,  which  .  .  .  [The 
original  figure  is  much  more  appropriate  than 
that  substituted  by  the  translator.] 
P-  5.  ••  as-  "44  Minutes."  Fr.  ♦'45  minutes." 
P.  6,  I.  16.  [The  parenthesis  in  italics  is  not  in  the 
original.] 

P.  6,  1.  34.     "Dainmavilie,   the    Priest " 

Fr.  "Dainmavilie  Prestre  Missionaire      .     .     " 
—  the  missionary  priest. 
P.  7.  ••  i-     "The2ist,    ,    .    .    ."     ^A-.  "Le  12"— 

the  twelfth. 
P.  7,  1.  19.     "above   five   Persons  sick     .     .      .     ." 
Fr.  "  plus  de  50  inalades     .     .     .     " — more  than 
fifty  sick  people. 

1.  21.     "the    Surgeon."      Fr.    "les   chirur- 
giens" — the  surgeons. 

1.22.     "the  first  Port."     Fr.  "premier  Port 

Fran9ois  " — first  French  port. 

P.  8,  1.  6.     "the  26Lh  of  the  said  Month."     Fr.  "  le 

16  du  dit  mois."     [Here   the  translator  rightly 

corrects  the  original.] 

P.  9,  1.  13.     "Aboard  the  Ships."     /->.  "  dans  le  vais- 

seau" — on  the  ship. 
P.  9,  1.  17.    "the  pretended  Reform'd  Religion."   Fr. 
"  la  Religion  P.  R."     [Where  did  the  translator 
get  the  key  to  those  letters?] 
P.  II,  1.4-    "Zenobrius."     i^'-.  "Zenobe"— Zenobius. 
1.  13.     Fr.   "au    matin"  —  in   the   morning 
[omitted]. 
P.  13,  1.  14.     "being  the  13th"  [correcting  the />•., 

which  reads  "  12" — the  12th]. 
P.  15,  1.  26.     "it  grew  very  cloudy."     Fr.  "il  s'dleva 
un  gros  nuage  au   nord  " — there  arose  a  great 
cloud  to  the  northward. 


1 


J 


^ 


2l6 


TEXTUAL    NOTES 


n 


i\t 


^ 

*'' 


p.  1 6,  1.24.     "a6    Degrees."     Fr.    '•  le   28"  degr^" 

— the  28th  degree, 
P.  18,  1.  2.     "and  the  foremost."     Fr.  "&  qui  estoi- 

ent  devant  nous," — and  who  were  ahead  of  us. 
P.  20,  1.  23.    "25   Degrees."    />.    "28*  degr^ "— the 

28th  degree. 
R  ai,  1.  10.     "our    Boats."     Fr.   "  n6tre   chaloupe " 

— our  boat. 
P.  23,  1.  16.      "in   fourteen    Foot    Water."      Fr.    "a 

quatre  piez  d'eau:" — In  four  feet  of  water. 
P.  24,  I.  10.     "tendred"  [misprint  for  tended.] 
P.  25,  1.  21.     "as  soon  as  soon"  [j/V]. 

1.  35.    "  Part  of   the  Men  were   put  into   a 

Boat."     Ff.  "une  partie  s'embarqua" — a  party 

embarked. 
P.  26,  1.  31.     "same  same"  [siV]. 
P.  28,  1.  24.     "Rivulets."    ^z.  "marres"— ponds  [cf. 

next  note.] 
P.  29,  1.  33.    "Sloughs."    Ff.  "marres"  [correct,  but 

see  preceding  note]. 
P.  31,  1.  34.     "little  Boat."    Fn  "canot"  [explained 

in  a  marginal  note  as  follows:    "Canot,  est  iin 

petit  batteau  fait  de  bois,  ou  d'ecorces,  ou  de  peau^' 

— Canoe,  is  a  little  boat  made  of  wood,  or  bark,  or 

hide.'] 
P.  36,  1.  3.     Commander  in  Chief."     Fr.  "Chef." 
1.  7.     "deform'd."     Fr.  "iaides"— ugly. 
P.  38,  1.  22.     "several  Sentinels."     Fr.  "quatre  sen- 

tinelles" — four  sentinels. 
P.  39,  1.  15.     Village  next    the  Fire."     Fr.  "village 

prochain  du  lieu  " — near  the  place. 
P.  41,  1.  II.    "Messieurs  Morangct,  his  Nephew,  ZJ^-j- 

loges,'*     etc.      Fr.    "  Messieurs     Moranget     son 

neveu,  Desloges,"  etc.     [Cf.  note  to  p.  2,  1.  9.] 
P.  43,  1.  13.    "together  with  the  Concern,  most  of  the 

best  Persons  who  had  followed  M.  de  la  Sale 


■■■I 


"la 


«pi9l>Pi9" 


TEXTUAL    NOTES.       217 

were  under."  Fr.  "  jointes  au  ddgout  que  la  perte 
de  n6tre  navire  avoit  causd  parmi  la  pluspart  des 
honnestes  gens  qui  avoient  suivi  M.  de  la  Sale," 
— together  with  the  anxiety  which  the  loss  of  our 
ship  had  occasioned  among  most  of  the  people  of 
respectability  who  had  followed  M.  de  La  Salle. 

P.  46,  1.  3.  "two  or  three."  jFr.  "  trois  ou  quatre" 
— three  or  four. 

1.  13.  "design'd  to  erect  a  Fort  farther  up 
the  River."  /r.  "vouloit  faire  un  Fort  plus 
avant  dans  le  pays;" — designed  to  establish  a 
fortified  post  farther  inland. 

P.  47,  1.  2.  "  Men  in  that  Vessel,  who  .  .  .  .  " 
Fr.  "vaisseau,  qui," — ship,  which     .     .     . 

1.  20.  "  Marsh."  [here  there  should  be  a 
semicolon,  as  in  the  />.] 

P.  48,  1.  2.  [The  following  sentence  is  awkward 
enough,  but  it  gives  the  sense  intelligibly.] 

P.  54,  1.  5.     Le  Belle  [misprint  for  La  Belle]. 

P.  55,  1.  I.  "These  Bullocks  .  .  .  curl'd  Sort 
of  Wool."  [In  the  original  this  sentence  has  the 
form  of  a  marginal  note.] 

P.  58,  1.  12.  "a  Girl  &  a  Woman,  who  was  shot  thro' 
the  Thigh,  of  which  she  dy'd."  Fr.  '•  une  fiUe, 
une  femme  bless^e  k  'a  cuisse  d'  un  coup  de  fusil, 
dont  elle  mourut." — a  girl,  a  woman  wounded  in 
the  thigh  by  a  gun-shot,  who  died  of  the  wound. 
[It  is  doubtful  whether  the  gir/  and  the  woman 
were  not  one  and  the  same  person.] 

P.  59,  last  line,  ''but  exerting  himself  against  his 
Misfortunes."  Fr.  "il  seroit  dit  contre  ses  mal- 
heurs,"  [The  original  is  here  simply  meaning- 
less. The  sense  intended  is  probably  that  ex- 
pressed by  the  translation.] 

P.  60,  1.  25.  "Snapsack."  Fr.  "  p&qnet."  [Cf.  p. 
iv.  1.  5.] 


It 


■liiHiailliMniiMiMil^''' 


wmm 


r^r 


2l8 


TEXTUAL    NOTES. 


') 


i« 


-  -t 


i|      a  I 


P.  62,  1.  II.  "To  the  Northward,  was  the  River  running 
along  by  a  little  Hill."  Fr.  "On  voyoit  du  cdt€ 
du  midy,  &  vers  1'  Orient,  la  Baye,  &  les  cam- 
pagnes  qui  la  bordent,  de  1'  Orient  au  Septen- 
trion,  la  Riviere  se  presentoit  le  long  d'  un 
petit  costan,"  —  To  the  southward  and  eastward 
stretched  the  Bay  and  the  fields  which  border  it, 
from  the  east  to  the  north,  the  river  appeared 
along  a  gentle  slope, — [The  phrase,  "  fro:r<  the 
east  to  the  north"  squints  both  ways;  the  reader 
must  determine  the  meaning.  Perhaps,  in  the 
editor's  translation,  the  comma  after  the  words 
"  border  it "  should  be  removed,  so  as  to  make 
the  phrase  "  from  the  east  to  the  north  "  qualify 
the  verb  "  border."  Although  the  editor's  studies 
have  not  qualified  him  to  expre.  an  authoritative 
opinion  upon  this  point  of  historical  geography, 
he  hazards  the  guess  that  this  river  is  one  of  those 
flowing  into  Galveston  Bay.] 

P.  66,  1.  8.     "Colours,  whereof  many  .     .  " 

[The  ascription  of  an  agreeable  odor  to  the  colors 
is  found  in  the  original.  Perhaps  the  Fr.  "  coul- 
eurs"  is  a  misprint  for  "fleurs."] 

P.  67,  1.  20.    "  as  I  &  my  Men  did "     Fr. 

"&  Duhaut  ayant  dit  ses  raisons,  &  moy  les  mi- 
ennes,  ..."  —and  Duhaut  having  given 
his  reasons,  and  1  mine,     .     .     . 

P.  68,  1.  16.     "Nails."     T')-.  "alesnes"— awls. 

P.  68,  (foot)  "  little  Monsieur  Cave/ier,  .  .  .  ." 
[Cf.  p.  2,  1.  9-] 

P.  71,  1.8.  "  Pedreroes."  /^r.  "  pierriers "  —  swivel- 
guns. 

P.  78,  1.  9.  "/'  Arcleveque"  [misprint  for  " /'  Arch- 
eveque"  the  name  of  one  of  the  men.] 

1.  II.  (end  of  sentence)  "  &c."  [not  in  orig- 
inal.] 


TEXTUAL    NOTES.       219 

P.  81,  1.  30.  "  curious  Meadows."  Fr.  "belles  prai- 
ries" [an  interesting  use  of  the  word  curious,  for 
fine  or  beautiful.^ 

1.  31.  "  Woods  of  tall  Trees."  Fr.  "belles 
futayes." 

1.34-  "curious  shady  Groves."  /v-.  "  beaux 
ombrages."  [Cf.  the  two  notes  immediately  pre- 
ceding.] 

P.  82,  1.  10.  "the  .same  Sort  of  Pasture  Grounds." 
Fr.  "les  nifimes  palsages"  [in  1.  2  the  same  word 
is  correctly  translated  "Landskip"]. 

1.24.    "Dome  or  round  Top."    /v.  "d6me." 

P.  8s,  I.  18.  "  i6th"  [should  be  26th.  as  in  Fr:\. 

1.  29.  "  next  Day  being  the  28th."  Fr.  "le 
lendemain  27."  [The  original  appears  to  be 
wrong,  and  the  correction  extends  to  the  three 
following  dates.] 

P.  87,  1.  8.  "Knots."  Fr.  "  bretelles  "—carriers' 
or  porters'  knots. 

P.  89,  1.  I.  "  fine  curious  Country."  Fr.  "  fort  beau 
paisage." 

1.  3.     ["pleasant"  also  stands   for  "beau." 
Cf.  p.  81,  11.  30  to  34.] 
P.  90.     Kiahoba,  Fr.  Kiahoha 

"     Chaumenes 
"     Arhau 
"     EnepiahiT 
"     Ahouerhopiheiin 
"     Koienkahe 
"     Konkone 
"     Meghai 
"     Tecamcnes 
"     Kavayan 
"     Kaunchoiian 
"      Tohaha 
"     Chancres 


Choumenes, 

Arhan, 

Enepiahe, 

Ahonerhopiheim, 

Korenkake, 

Korkotte, 

Maghai, 

Thecamenes, 

Kavagan, 

Kannelionan, 

Tohaka, 

Chanzes, 


220       TEXTUAL    NOTES. 

Orcampion,  Fr.   Orcampiou 

Ayona,  "     Ayano 

Canohatino,  "     Canohatinno 

[The  curious  may  compare  the  notes  to  p. 
107,  1.  34,  and  to  pp.  114,  115.] 

P.  91,  1.  16.  "curious  Plain."  io^.  "belle  campagne." 
[Cf.  p.  81,  11.  30  to  34,  and  p.  89,  1.  i.] 

P.  93,  1.6.  "forty  ancient  Indians."  Fr.  "quar- 
ante  anciens  Sauvages"  —  forty  old  Indians. 
[Later  the  translator  uses  the  proper  word, 
"  Elders."] 

P.  94,  1.  13.  Fr.  "  &  a  faire  de  la  chaux;" — and  to 
make  lime  [omitted]. 

P.  97,  1.  13.     "Male."     Fr.  "Marie"  [proper  name]. 
1.31.      "  Heins."      Fr.    "Hiens"    [proper 
name]. 

P.  100,  1.  15.  "at  a  Time  when  he  might  entertain 
the  greatest  Hopes,  as  the  Reward  of  his  La- 
bours." Fr.  "  dans  le  temps  qu'il  y  avait  tout  A 
esperer  de  ses  grands  travaux  " — at  a  time  when 
there  was  the  greatest  hope  of  the  success  of  his 
enterprise. 

P.  102, 1.  14.    "  Dehaut  "  [misprint  for  "  Duhaut"]. 

P.  103,  1.8.     "  drown'n  "  [misprint  for  "  drown'd  "]. 
1.30.     "Lime  Trees."    7^r.  "Tilleul"— lin- 
den. 

P.  104, 1.  8.  "  the  Tessieers."  Fr.  "  Teissiers  "  [proper 
name]. 

P.  106,  1.  27.  "in  their  Formalities,  which  consisted 
in  .  .  .  "  Fr.  "  &  les  anciens,  qui  venoient  en 
ceremonie  audevant  de  nous  avec  tons  leurs  ajust- 
emens,  qui  consistoient  en  .  .  " — and  the 
elders,  who  came  in  ceremony  to  meet  us  in  all 
their  trappings,  which  consisted  in     .     .     . 

P.  107,  1.  I.  "only  their  Bows  &  Arrows."  Fr. 
"  d'autre  leurs  arcs  &  deux  filches  seulement," — 


./'I 


TEXTUAL    NOTES.       221 

others  their  bows  &  two  arrows  only  [d'autre  "  is 
a  misprint  for  "  d'autres  "]. 

1.  17  (end  of  paragraph).     Fr.  "II  nous  fit 

bien  des  caresses,  il  estoit  tout  nud,  comme  eux, 

&  ce  qui  est  surprenant,  ii  avoit  presque  oublid 

son  langage  naturel." — He  gave  us  many  caresses: 

he  was,   like   them,  quite  naked;    and,  what  is 

remarkable,  he  had  almost  forgotten  his  native 

tongue.     [All  this  is  omitted  in  the  translation.] 

1.32.    "discouse."   /r.  "dessein" — design. 

I.    34.     "  Cannokantimoy     Fr.    "Canuohan- 

timo."     [Cf.  note  to  p.  90,  last  name  in  list.] 

P.  108,  1.   13.     stragling  up  and  down,     .     .     .     Fr. 

"par    halneaux."      Probably     a     misprint     for 

"  hameaux," — hamlets. 

1.15.    "At  other  Distances."    />.  "d'espace 
en  espace" — at  intervals. 
P.  109,1.  2.     "from    the   Dome" — form   the  dome 
[misprint]. 

1.  3.     "  lash  "—lath  [misprint]. 
I.  12.   "Sagamise."   /^r.  "sagamite."  [Every- 
where else  translated  "  Sagamite."] 

1.  18.  "well  cur'd,  which  serve  them  for 
Feather  Beds,  or  Quilts  and  Blankets."  Fr. 
"pass^es  avec  le  poll,  qui  servent  de  matelats  & 
de  couvertures,"- -cured  with  the  hair  on,  to  serve 
as  matresses  and  bedclothes. 
P.  Ill,  1.  I.     "all  the  Work."    Fr.  " presque  tout  le 

travail  " — almost  all  the  work. 
P.  114,  1.  17.     "a  whole  Province,  or  vast  Extent  of 
Land.     Fr.  "  une   Province   entiere  "—a   whole 
province. 

1.  20.  "of  twenty  or  thirty  Leagues."  Fr. 
"de  quinze,  de  vingt,  ou  de  trente  lieues"— of 
fifteen,  of  twenty,  or  of  thirty  leagues. 


„  wiiMNPWiS^iariiM^tMW  ->■■ 


222        TEXTUAL    NOTES. 


.   5i 


pp.  114,  115.     Takensa,     Fr. 

Enepiahe,  " 

Ahonerhopiheim,  " 

Ahekouen,  *' 

Meghty,  " 

A'ouayon,  " 

Cagabegux,  " 
Pickar, 

Tokau,  " 

Peihouti,  " 


Tahenssa 

Enepiahce 

Ahouerhopiheim 

Aheho&en 

Meghey 

KoUayan 

Coyabegux 

Pichar 

Tohau 

Peihouni 


I 


[Cf.  the  long  list  of  similar  errors  in  the  note 
to  p.  90.  In  the  transference  of  these  singular 
names,  the  translator  has  industriously  asserted 
the  rights  of  the  creative  imagination.] 
T16,  1.  4.  "a  very  fine  Stone  Horse."  Fr.  "un 
cheval  entier  et  fort  beau" — a  very  handsome 
entire  horse. 

1.12.     "  near  the  River."     Fr.   "  au-del^  de 
la  Riviere," — beyond  the  river. 

117,  1.  22.    '' Buter."    Fr.  "  Riiter'^  [proper  name]. 

118,1.8.  "N.  W."  Fr.  "Nord'oiiest."  [Cor- 
rectly rendered,  but  cf.  p.  119,  1.  22,  where  the 
direction  is  given  as  "N.  E.";  in  original, 
"Nord'est." 

118,  1.  23.  "  Buter,  the  French  Man."  Fr.  "  Ru- 
ter  s'en  retourna  " — Ruter  returned. 

P.  119,  1.22.  "N.  E."  i^;-.  "Nord'est."  [Cf.  note 
to  p.  118,  1.  8.] 

P.  122,  1.  14.  "  Hautot."  [Fr.  the  same,  but  prob- 
ably a  misprint  for  "  Liotot." 

P.  123,  1.  I.  "River  that  was  near."  Fr.  "vers  la 
Riviere " — toward  the  river.  [Words  are  thus 
frequently  inserted  by  the  translator.] 

1.9.     "He  inform'd  Duhaut."     /^/-.  "  II  ap- 
prit  de  Duhaut — he  learned  from  Duhaut.    [Here 


\ 


inwnnaK 


., .'_!. "'  W5^^www 


s. 


/4«>« 


TEXTUAL    NOTES 


223 


in  the  note 
se  singular 
ly  asserted 

]" 

Fr.   "  un 

handsome 

au-dela  de 

per  name]. 

t."      [Cor- 

where  the 

original, 

Fr.  "Ru- 

[Cf.  note 

but  prob- 

.  "vers  la 
are   thus 

'-.  "  II  ap- 
it.    [Here 


the  original    seems   wrong   and    the  translation 

right.] 
P.  125,  1,  31.     "which    Way   he  would    move."     Fr. 

"que  nous  verrions  de  quel  c6t^  nous  pourrions 

tirer," — that  we    might    see   what    direction    we 

could  take    [/.  e.,   take   information  as  to  their 

future  line  of  march]. 
P.  126,  1.  33.      "produce."      [There    should    be    a 

comma  after  this  word.] 
P.  127,  1.  3.     "and  they  set  up  their  Throats,  singing 

Several  Songs  as  loud  as  they  were  able."     Fr. 

"qui   se  mirent   a   chanter   ^   pleine  gorge  des 

chansons    differentes," — who    began    loudly   to 

sing  various  songs. 
P.  130,  1.  24.     "begn"  [misprint  for  began\ 
P.  131,  1.  10.     "Resolution."    [After  this  word  there 

should   be  only   a  comma.     In   Fr.   there  is   a 

colon.] 
P.  131,  1.  13.     Messieurs  Cavelier,  the  Uncle  and  the 

Nephew,  thirty  Axes."  [In  the  Fr.,  after  "Neveu," 

are   the    words,   "&  pour   moy" — and    for   me. 

This  nephew  is  the  one  generally  referred  to  as 

M.  Moranget.     Cf.  pp.  2  and  68,  and  the  notes.] 
P.  133,  1.  16.      '' Nahordikhe."      Fr.    ''  Nahoudikher 

[Cf.  pp.  90  and  114,  and  the  notes.] 
134,  1.21.     "Reception."     [After  this  word  there 

should  be  a  period.] 

1.  35.     "  Cavelier  and  the  Priests."    Fr.  "de 

Monsieur  Cavelier  Pretre." — of  M.  Cavelier  the 

priest. 
139,  1.   I.     "Need  of."     [Here  there    should  be 

only  a  comma,  as  in  the  />.] 

1.  5.     "  It   is  to  be  observ'd     .     .     .     than 

with    us."        [In   the    Fr.    this    sentence   is    in 

the  form  of  a  marginal  note.] 


P. 


P. 


Mmmmmm»ma^ 


^r 


* 


224       TEXTUAL    NOTES. 

P.  140,  1.  31.  "Na/Aosos."  Fr.  '' Natsohos."  [Cf. 
pp.  90  and  114,  and  the  notes. 

1.  35.  "Way."  [After  this  word  there 
should  be  a  comma.] 

P.  144,  1.  2.  '' Cohainihoua:'  Fr.  "Cahainihobar 
[Cf.  pp.  90  and  114,  and  the  notes.  In  a  mar- 
ginal note  in  the  Fr.,  this  tribe  is  called  Cahay- 

P.  145,  1.  9.  "caressing  us  after  an  extraordinary 
Manner."  Fr.  "II  nous  fit  bien  des  caresses" 
— many  caresses. 

P.  146,  1.  6.  "Calumet,  so  they  call  a  very  long  Sort 
of  Tabacco  Pipe."  Fr.  "Calumet  garny  de  dif- 
ferens  plumages:" — calumet  ornamented  with 
various  feathers.  [In  a  marginal  note:  "  CVj/ 
t/ne  Pipe  a  Tabac,  qui  a  la  queue  fort  lotigue. — 
This  is  a  tobacco-pipe  with  a  very  long  stem.] 

P.  146,  1.  16.  "on  his  Feet."  Fr.  "sous  les  piez;" 
— under  his  feet. 

P.  154,  1.  12.  "impatiently  expected."  Fr.  "aspir- 
oient  granderaent" — longed  ardently  for. 

1.  21.  "rounded  away  at  the  Corners." 
[After  this  in  Fr.  come  the  words,  "sa  couver- 
ture  est  d'^corce;" — its  roof  is  of  bark.] 

1.  25.  "deer."  Fr.  "cerfs,  biches," — stags, 
hinds. 

P.  15s,  1.  17.  "However,  some  of  them  have  more 
Conveniencies,  but  the  Generality  has  not."  Fr. 
"Quelques  uns  cependant  sont  plus  propremenl; 
raais  generalement,  non." — Some,  nevertheless, 
are  more  cleanly,  but  generally,  they  are  not. 

P-  '57i  1- 35-  "going  down  the  River."  [After  these 
words  the  following  sentence  is  omitted:  "Nous 
fumes  bien  re^us  en  la  Cabane  du  Chef,  &  traitez 
comme  chez  les  autres." — We  were  well  received 


«TRWW«»iJS'V3-('>.iV-*  - 


5. 

hosr     [Cf. 

word   there 

hainihoUa." 

In  a  mar* 

lied  Cahay- 

traordinary 
i  caresses" 

r  long  Sort 
rny  de  dif- 
;nted  with 
te:  "CVf/ 
'  longue. — 
I  stem.] 
1  les  piez;" 

v".  "aspir- 
br. 

Corners." 
sa  couver- 

] 

s,"— stags, 

lave  more 
lot."  Fr. 
oprement; 
vertheless, 
e  not. 
Uter  these 
i:  "Nous 
,  &  traitez 
1  received 


TEXTUAL    NOTES.       225 

in  the  Chief's  wigwam,  and  were  treated  as  we 

had  been  when  among  the  others.] 
P.  158,  1.  2.     "referr'd"  [misprint  for  "deferr'd"]. 
P.  160,  1.  9.     "several  burning  Reeds."      Fr.    "des 

Cannes  seiches  allumfies," — dry  reeds  aflame. 

1.  34-     "or  Black  and  Red,"— .^r.   "de  noir 

ou  de  rouge," — of  black  or  of  red. 
P.  165,  1.  2.     "about  ten  or  twelve  Foot  high.'    Fr. 

"de  la  hauteur  de  huit  ou  dix  piez;"— eight  or 

ten  feet. 
P.  167,  1.  6.     "shove,  so  they     .     .     .     Poles."     Fr. 

"percher;  ainsi  appelle-t-on  la  manoeuvre  de  la 

perche," — poling,  so  they  term  the  act  of  working 

the  boat  with  a  pole. 

I.     29.     Monsr.    de     la     Sale."     [Omitted: 

"nomm^  Boisrondet,"  the  name  of  the  clerk.] 

169,  1.  25.     "dangerous."     Fr.  "difficile." 

170,  1,  6.  [Dates  omitted:  "toutes  choses  estant 
prestes  le  i,  le  18  nous  primes  cong6" — every- 
thing being  ready  on  the  ist,  we  took  leave  on 
the  1 8th.] 

1.  IS-     "five  Days."      Fr.    "huit  jours"— 
eight  days. 

174,  1-  5-      "lofty  Coffins."     Fr.    "des  cerceuils 

^levez"— coffins  placed  high  above  the  ground. 
177.  ••  6.     "ChicagoM."     Fr.  "Chicagou." 
P.  178,  1.  I.     "Note."   ^z".  "billet  &reconnoissance" 
— note  and  receipt. 

1.33  '' Chicagon."  Fr.  "Chicagou."  [This 
difference  in  the  form  of  this  famous  name  's 
maintained  th.-oughout.  The  translator  had  de- 
termined that  it  was  to  be  Chicagon/] 
P.  178,  1.  34.  "what  we  had  conceal'd"  Fr.  "la 
cache  " — [the  same  word  is  rendered  in  the  same 
way  on  the  next  page,  1.  8.     The  translator  was 


P. 
P. 


P. 


226       TEXTUAL    NOTES. 


ri 


I 


n  if 


5  . 


r'      i 


apparently  ignorant  of  such  peculiarly  American 
terms  as  cache,  tomahawk,  wigwam,  scalp,  squaw, 
wampum,  none  of  which  he  uses.] 
P.  175,  1.  15.  "Manna."  Fr.  "manne."  [Evidently 
maple  sap.  But  were  there  sugar  maples  then  at 
Chicago?] 

I.  27.     "Charvel."    Fr.  "cerfeiiil" — chervil. 

1.31.     "5th  of  April."    /v.  "le  huit  Avri!" 
— 8th  of  April. 
P.  180,  I.  22.     "might   quit    their   Sanctuary."     Fr. 
"  ne  sortissent  pas  de   leur  asyle," — might   not 
quit     .     .     . 

1,28.  "Voyage."  [Sentence  omitted:  "Nous 
en  partimes  le  dernier  du  mois,  &  nous  arriv^mes 
le  dix  May  audit  lieu  de  Micilimaquinay," — We 
left  there  on  the  last  of  the  month,  &  we  arrived 
on  the  loth  of  May  at  the  said  place  of  Michili- 
niackinac] 

1.  30.     "River."     [There  should  be  only  a 
semi-colon  after  this  word,  as  in  the  />•.! 
P.  181,  I.  8.    "The  proper  prayers."  Fr.  "les  prieres" 

— the  prayers. 
P.  182,  1.  7.     "  row'd."     Fr.  "  Nous  vogulmes" — we 
sailed. 

1.  13.  Fr.  "le  27"— the  27th.     [Date 

omitted.] 

1.  21,  "on  which  there  grew."  Fr.  "il  croit" 
— there  grow. 

1.  26.     We  got  out  of  it  again.     [Date  omit- 
ted.    Fr.   "le  7,"— the  7th.] 
P.  184,  1.  5.     "Cod."      [Phrase    omitted    after    this 
word:]   Fr.  "pour  venir  en  France,"— in  order 
to  reach  France. 

I.  10.  Fr.  "  vendredy  " — Friday.     [Day 

omitted.] 


American 
lip,  squaw, 

[Evidently 
les  then  at 

' — chervil. 

luit  Avril" 

iry."  Fr. 
night   not 

ed:  "Nous 
arrivSmes 
'«>-,"— We 
ve  arrived 
f  Michiii- 

be  only  a 

.1 

s  prieres" 

nes" — we 

1.     [Date 

"ilcroit" 

>ate  oinit- 

fter    this 
-in  order 

y.     [Day 


TEXTUAL    NOTES.       227 

last  line.     "  October."     Fr.  "  Noveinbre" 

November. 

P.  184,  1.4  of  the  Sequel,  "as  he  was  himself." 
Fr.  "comme  luy."  [There  should  be  a  comma 
after  "  himself,"  though  there  is  none  in  the  Fr.^^ 

P-  185,  I.  2.  "more  largely."  [There  should  be  a 
period  after  these  words.] 

1.3-  "great  share  in  those  Discoveries;" 
Fr.  "a  eu  part  .\  de  grandes  ddcou-ertes;"— had 
a  share  in  great  discoveries. 

P.  186, 1.18.  "notable  Exploits."  "belles expeditions 
dans  " — notable  expeditions  to. 

P.  187,  1.  34.  ^'Tht  Dauphin."  Fr.  "feu  Mon- 
seigneur  le  Dauphin."  [The  Dauphin,  eldest  son 
of  Louis  XIV.,  had  died  but  a  year  or  two  before 
the  publication  of  the  Fr.  original.] 

P.  188,  1.  32.  "Wild  Fowl."  Fr.  "gibier,  dont  la 
chair  est  filasseuse,  &  sans  goust;"— game,  the 
flesh  whereof  is  stringy  and  tasteless  [the  words 
after  gidter  are  omitted  in  the  translaUon]. 

P.  189,1.  32.  "Opening  on  the  Right  Side,"  Fr. 
"Overture  an  droit  de  I'oeil  -opening  opposite 
the  eye. 
190,  1.  18.  "Images  of  Devotion,  decently  fur- 
nish'd  .  .  ,  .  "  Fr.  "  images  de  piet^;  &  ils 
en  ont  peu  de  veritable.  Ils  .sont  proprement 
meublez  "—images  of  devotion,— and  they  have 
little  that  is  real.     They  are  decently   furnished 


P.  190,  1.  21.  "Plate."  Fr.  "mais  la  vie  ni  les 
manieres  des  Ecclesiastiques  n'  ^difient  point. 
Festes  &  Dimanches,  il  n'  est  point  question  de 
Matines,  de  Sermon,  ni  de  Vespres:  on  cause 
dans  les  Eglises,  on  y  rit  aussibien  que  dans  les 
Processions,  qui  se  font  frequemment  la  nuit  aux 


F 


iHiiiMi 


wmi>«mmm. 


^W\ 


nr. 


f 


V    .      ' 


^ 


'( 


228        TEXTUAL    NOTES. 

flambeaux." — but  the  lives  and  manners  of  the 
clergy  are  not  edifying.  On  holidays  and  Sun- 
days there  is  no  thought  of  matins,  of  sermon,  or 
of  vespers:  people  chat  and  laugh  in  the  churches 
as  well  as  in  the  processions,  which  are  often  at 
night  by  the  light  of  torches.  [All  this  omitted.] 
P.  190,  last  line.  "That  Country  would  be  better  .  ." 
J^r.  "  Ce  pals  seroit  bon  en  quelques  endroits,  si 
les  Habitans  avoient  I'adresse  &  le  courage  de  le 
cultiver." — That  country  would  be  good  in  some 
parts,  if  the  inhabitants  had  the  skill  and  energy 
to  till  it. 
P.  191,  1.  a,  "Indian  Corn."  J^r.  "du  gros  mil" — 
coarse  millet. 

1,  24.  "other  countries  of  .  .  .  .  "  J^r. 
"  les  pals  chauds  de  .  .  .  " — the  warm 
regions  of.     .     .     . 

I.  32.  "  it  stands  towards  the  Western  End." 
/r.  "elle  est  k  la  pointe  occidentale" — it  stands 
at  the  western  point.  (One  of  the  few  instances 
in  which  the  translation  corrects  the  /r.] 
P.  194,  1.  2.  [Paging  here  jumps  from  191  to  194. J 
"and  Brass  Guns  from  twenty  four  to  thirty  six 
Pounders."  Fr.  "bonne  artillerie  de  24  &  36," 
— good  artillery  of  24  and  36  [pounds). 

I.  10.  "about  all  uniform."  Fr.  "basti- 
mens  ^gaux  i  I'entour." — uniform  buildings 
around  it  [the  plaza]. 

1.  15.  "each  Mark  being  half  a  Pound" 
[not  in  the  />-.]. 

1.  16.  "amounts  to  fifty."  Fr.  "  va  a  plus 
de  cinquante  " — amounts  to  more  than  fifty. 
P.  195,  1.4.  "  Galeons  meet."  [The  following  sen- 
tences are  omitted  here.]  Fr.  "  Par  ce  mot 
n'entendez  pas  des  Navires  d'  une  grandeur  ex- 
traordinaire; car  la  pluspart  ne  sont  que  des  bS- 


kiSUMHUii 


tmiiam 


^^tmmmm 


'    Fr. 
warm 


TEXTUAL    NOTES.        229 

tiinens  fort  mediocres,  que  la  vanitd  Kspagnole 
enfle  &  grossit    par  un   nom  de    rodomontade. 
Mais  si  ces  Vaisseaux  ne  sont  pas  grands,  leur 
charge  &  leur  richesse  le  sont.     Avec  tout  cela 
cette  Ville,  I'abord  des  tresors  des  Indes  Occl- 
dentales,  est  pleine  de  mendians:  mais  ils  ne  le 
sont  que  par  leur  faute,  &  par  leur  paresse." — By 
this  word  should  not  be  understood  ships  of  ex- 
traordinary size;  for  most  of  them  are  but  very 
inconsiderable  craft,  which  Spanish  vanity  strives 
to   magnify  by  a  swelling  name.     But  if  the.se 
ships  are  not  great,  their  precious  freight  is  so. 
For  all  that,  this  city,  the  gateway  to  the  treas- 
ures of  the  West  Indies,  is  full  of  beggars, — but 
it  is  by  their  own  fault  and  by  their  idleness  that 
they  are  such. 
'95»  '■  7-     [I-ist  clause  of  the  paragraph  omitted.] 
/')-.  •'&    par  dessus    tout  cela   tient  encore  du 
Sauvage." — and,   throughout   the  whole,   savage 
traits  still  predominate.     [It  is  to  be  noted  that 
the  translator's  omissions  in  this  Postscript  are 
evidently    prompted    by  a  desire  to  soften   the 
asperity  of  the  tone  toward  the  Spaniards.] 
PP.  19610205.     "Letters  Patent."     [These  are  not 
in  the  original,  which  ends  with  a  table  of  con- 
tents.    The   "  Index "   is  due   to  the   translator, 
although  the  table  of  contents  appended  to  the 
original  is  quite  as  useful.] 


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PRI^fTED    FOR    THE    CAXTON    CLUB 

AT   THE   LAKESIDE   PRESS,  CHICAGO 

BY    R.    R.    DONNELLEY    &    SONS    CO. 

MDCCCXCVI 


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Ivenvoy   des   Lettres  . 

Boin'hi'  tivne pelite  Rivicre  tftlice'e  auar  Zf.   ly.  Lat- 
Ni^rd  ft  im'.de  Lonfittitde a'u  j'ej't^fixit  te  preniicf  i(e-\ 
barquetnentcie  I'AuUur  '' 

.  Bouche  diTi  hra.f  dc  la  Jiufdite  Kivirrc  q ui^rend dan/ 
laBixyi'  de  S.'Loiiir,et forme  vn  [/IttaLi  peintc  'du-^ 
quclyerj  I'entrec  de  la  Baye  a  ete'Jait  ta.ptvm.ie.-  .--^ 
Habilatufn  . 
{'. .  Kivii'fc  jru'cri  nuc  ■ 

1)...  Kiviere.  aux  Bocufj,  /tir  U  hord  de  la.  quelle  tvi  a~, 

tlai'l  T/ie  Jtwtide  HahltaiwriiOiideJ^tu  de  laqiielle.^ 

ladite  R  -^e  se'parc  en  x  ■  hrtu ■ 

K... Riviere  aux  Cannes, airu'i  apellcc  depiiir  /en  ImhcitX 

chiirc  jiuifu'a  Injoiirche  ifuiLt  Jeparc  en  ihra/.dcrti 

celui  qui e/t  ailrcit  tvt apcUe  B.Afiqnetie,  aeatuc  dtr^, 

anieutv  d'rii  neninw'  Ic.  Jf  Barbie*-  'LicutfnarU,et/e/c'\ 

pare  encore  an  dej/iur  en  trvir  aulrr^ ,  celui  qui  eJt  a- 

(fauche  de  la  premiere  faurche  '/'apelie  Pr:incejje  a  • 

eaiLte  ile  la  nienie  ratJon  • 

T...  Kn'iere  tie  la  t-fahlrnniere  . 

G... Riviere  de  ffiem/  dent  la  chute  &rtjnccmnue  . 

If...  Ru-ietY  Lii/ier  dent  la  chute  e/t  jruvnnue  . 

I.. ..Granule  Kii'.  apcllce  laMaUqne  . 

H...Rn'iere  d't,urc, dent  la  chute  e.'t  inconniu . 

h.Rii'iere  au<r  Canetr.dcuit  la  chute  e^rt  inccnnu'e  . 

M...  Riviere /an.f  ncm ,dant la  chute  crt  inccrnnue  . 

N.... Premiere  Riviere  ,i/-j-e%  belle  de  la  Nation  dcj  Cenir.^ 

dont  la  chute  eJt  jiicennue  . 
0    Autre  Riviere  qui pits/e par  le  ViUa^ne  di'J-  Cenir,-^ 

d.'nl  la  ehiite  e.rt  jitcc^nmie  .  ' 

P...iSece>rxde  Hahitaiien  de  la  quelle  notur  Jcmme^'  par. 
tie  avec  Aftrruueur  de  la  <J allc,et  avcru'  traversei  -^ 
touted  lej  Riviere/  eyde//ii/  deneinntee./,  avec 
de/'  I-ettrc; p ar  le  chemin  marque' par  de/  pcint/ 

ae  cede  /arte.  --.__._._ ,  po:ir  arrii  'er 

a  la.  Riviere  de.'Aean//a/  a  I'endreitcn'i  el/e  /e^^ 
t&urche,ru  neii/  trouva/-me/  I'nc  I71ai/en  mar  - 
quee  R.habite'e  de  deux  Fviinfrie,  aicquel  lieiu.^ 

nail/  ,'timt  embarquc"*, ,  mut/  avcrw  haif/e' jit/  = 

qii  'an  Fleuve  ATi/ziripi^que  neu/  iivmr  etuitite  re- 
mcnte' jie/qu'd  la  Riviere  de/Jllincri/ . 
Vota  qiittx  ccttc  annee  i-jxx.  la  Riviere  Ml, /i/ipi  a 
cheinije de  ncnt.vt qu'elle y'appclle  Kdc^'LcUi/ 
Q^Baci^fdupay/  di-'nt  U  p<rll  ejtLni^  ee  An  edinx  l,%Jc 
it y  inc.  vne  ;r\/inite' 
.■Li\iartuujp  >.'aut de /liiu;ara,tni  laR.de  /.''Zaurent] 
tzTmhe  de  pill/  de  ico.lii/e/  dehaiit 


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J.,f'  Vineeni 


A   M    R  R  I  q^lT  E 

M  E  R  !  I)  I  O  N  A  L  E. 


.  Antiti^ii 


